September 2016 doc.: IEEE 802.

11-16/xxxxr0

Multi-Stage, Multi-Resolution
Beamforming Training for 802.11ay
Date: 2016-09-12
Authors:

Name Affiliations Address Phone email

Kome Oteri 9710 Scranton Road, San +1 858.210.4826 kome.oteri@
Diego, CA, 92121 InterDigital.com
Hanqing Lou
InterDigital
Rui Yang Communication Inc.

Xiaofei Wang

Submission Slide 1 Kome Oteri (InterDigital)

September 2016 doc.: IEEE 802.11-16/xxxxr0

Introduction

• In 802.11ay, enhancements to the 802.11ad beamforming

training procedures have been agreed on for complexity
reduction, efficiency and to enable MIMO BF training
[1][2][3][4].
• In this contribution, we propose a multi-stage, multi-
resolution beamforming training (BFT) framework to
further increase the BF training efficiency in scenarios
with high resolution beams.
• The scheme also has advantages that enable more efficient
beam tracking.

Submission Slide 2 Kome Oteri (InterDigital)

 September 2016 doc.: IEEE 802.11-16/xxxxr0

Current BF Agreements
• The following agreements have been made to improve BF training in 802.11ay [4]:
• The 11ay beamforming protocol shall
• enable TX and RX training using the same BRP frame.
• enable simultaneous BF training of transmit DMG antennas.
• support simultaneous RX antenna training.
• provide the means to enable TX sector down selection as part of beamforming
training.
• support, for STAs with antenna pattern reciprocity, RX sector down selection as part
of beamforming training.
• support a mode of operation in which, in a single phase, the initiator trains its
transmit antennas/sectors and multiple responders train their receive
antennas/sectors.
• The 11ay beamforming protocol supports multi-beamforming for multiple array
antennas. Multi-beamforming means that a transmitter simultaneously sends SSW
frames in multiple polarized directions.

Submission Slide 3 Kome Oteri (InterDigital)

September 2016 doc.: IEEE 802.11-16/xxxxr0

Multi-Stage, Multi-Resolution BFT

• To further increase the efficiency of the beamforming
training procedure with high resolution beamforming, we
propose that 802.11ay support the use of a multi-stage,
multi-resolution beamforming framework [5].
• In this framework, beams of increasing angular resolution can be
used at different stages of the sector sweep, beam refinement or
tracking procedure.
• To support this scheme in 802.11ay, signaling should be
added to indicate the capability to perform multi-stage,
multi-resolution BFT and to signal resolution information
such as the maximum and current beam resolutions.

Submission Slide 4 Kome Oteri (InterDigital)

 September 2016 doc.: IEEE 802.11-16/xxxxr0

Multi-Stage, Multi-Resolution BFT

• L0: Sector Level Sweep: Identify Sector of angular spread 90 degrees

• L1: BFT Level 1:
• 4 beams per sector with angular spread 22.5 degrees
• L2: BFT Level 2:
• 4 beams per beam Level 1 or 16 beams per sector with angular spread 5.625 degrees
• L3: BFT Level 3/ Non-hierarchical BRP:
• 4 beams per beam Level 2 or 64 beams per sector with angular spread 1.046 degrees.

Submission Slide 5 Kome Oteri (InterDigital)

 September 2016 doc.: IEEE 802.11-16/xxxxr0

Example

Sector Index
beam Index 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64

Feedback beam Index 19

Beam = Sector 1, beam 19

• Single Resolution beam sweep : 64 beam sweeps and 1 feedback frame
Resolution Index 1 Resolution Index 2 Resolution Index 3 Resolution Index 4
Sector Index
L1 Index 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
beam Index 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64
Feedback L1 index = 2

L2 Index 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4
beam Index 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32
Feedack L2 Index = 1
L3 Index 1 2 3 4
beam Index 17 18 19 20
Feedback L3 Index = 3

Beam = Sector 1, L1:beam 2, L2:beam 1, L3:beam 3

• Multi-stage, Multi-resolution beam sweep: 12 beam sweeps and 3 feedback frames

Submission Slide 6 Kome Oteri (InterDigital)

September 2016 doc.: IEEE 802.11-16/xxxxr0

BFT Protocol
AP BFT 1 2 3 … … 64

Feedback
Tx Sector
19
STA1 Rx Sector 3 from AP

Single Resolution BF Training

AP BFT 1,1 1,2 1, 3 1, 4

Stage 1
Feedback
Tx Sector
STA1 Rx Sector 3 1,2

AP BFT 1,2,1 1,2,2 1,2,3 1,2,4

Stage 2

Feedback
Tx Sector
STA1 Rx Sector 3 1,2,1

AP BFT 1,2,1,1 1,2,1,2 1,2,1,3 1,2,1,4

Stage 3
Feedback
Tx Sector
1,2,1,3 =
STA1 Rx Sector 3 19

Multi-stage, Multi-Resolution BF Training

Submission Slide 7 Kome Oteri (InterDigital)
 September 2016 doc.: IEEE 802.11-16/xxxxr0

Advantages of Multi-Stage, Multi-

Resolution BFT

• The overall number of training beams transmitted for a narrow beam

system can be reduced. This is important especially in MIMO
scenarios where multiple transmit-receive pairs are needed.
• Connection between the transmitter-receiver pair can be made at any stage
without the need for a long wait.
• The procedure can also be combined with beam down-selection.
• The initiator or responder can request training at a particular resolution
level and dynamically trade-off BFT efficiency and beam accuracy.
• A node can request for BFT with a resolution fallback in case of a
change in the channel which is advantageous for beam tracking

Submission Slide 8 Kome Oteri (InterDigital)

September 2016 doc.: IEEE 802.11-16/xxxxr0

Conclusion

• Multi-stage Multi-resolution BFT offers improvements in

BF training efficiency and beam tracking for high
resolution beams.
• Signaling should be added to 802.11ay to indicate the
capability to perform multi-stage, multi-resolution beam
tracking and to signal information such as the maximum
and current beam resolutions

Submission Slide 9 Kome Oteri (InterDigital)

September 2016 doc.: IEEE 802.11-16/xxxxr0

Straw Polls
• Do you agree to add the following text into the 802.11ay SFD?
• 11ay shall support multi-stage, multi-resolution beamforming
training as part of the beamforming training procedure

Submission Slide 10 Kome Oteri (InterDigital)

September 2016 doc.: IEEE 802.11-16/xxxxr0

References

1. IEEE 802.11-16/0100r3, MIMO BF Training Enhancements, Wang

et. al., Jan 2016
2. IEEE 802.11-16/0316r0, Low Complexity Beamtraining for Hybrid
MIMO, Fellhauer et. al., March 2016
3. IEEE 802.11-16/0420r1, BF Training for SU MIMO, Huang et. al.,
March 2016
4. IEEE 802.11-15/1358r5, Specification Framework for TGay,
Cordeiro, August 2016
5. Noh, Song, Michael D. Zoltowski, and David J. Love. "Multi-
Resolution Codebook Based Beamforming Sequence Design in
Millimeter-Wave Systems." 2015 IEEE Global Communications
Conference (GLOBECOM). IEEE, 2015.

Submission Slide 11 Kome Oteri (InterDigital)