CHAPTER 1

HOME AUTOMATION SYSTEM USING

BLUETOOTH MODULE
 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

• Nowadays, houses are gradually shifting from

normal switches to centralized control system,
involving a remote control transmitter.
• It helps elderly people to control switches.
The use of Smartphone or tablets also very
productive for commercial use.
 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

• The power of the transmitter governs the range over

which a Bluetooth device can operate and, generally,
devices are said to fall into one of three classes: class
1 are the most powerful and can operate up to 100m
(330ft), class 2 (the most common kind) operate up
to 10m (33ft), and class 3 are the least powerful and
don't go much beyond 1m (3.3ft).
 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
• The general objective of the study is to develop a
Home Automation System where people can open
lights, appliances with using Bluetooth Module. The
main objective of this project is to develop a home
automation system with Bluetooth controlled remote.
• Design a circuit to help increase efficiency in terms of
production and time. Home automation can be again
divided in to just controlling the appliances using a
Smartphone from a remote location.
• It can control Lightning. The elderly and handicapped
people can access it and lessen the difficulty of
switching the ON/OFF button or wall switches. Due
to the remote operation it can accessible and easy. It
can be achieved by using any Android phone or tablet.
 SCOPES AND LIMITATIONS OF THE
STUDY
1.) When you convert your home into a home
automation, you’ll have all of your products
programmed to your specific needs.
Additionally, being able to control your home.
2.) Almost all home products can be installed
many of them don’t even require you to bring
someone into your home.
 SCOPES AND LIMITATIONS OF
THE STUDY

• Reduced Installation costs Installation costs are

significantly reduced since no cabling is
necessary. Scalable and Expandable with the
compare of wireless network is especially useful
when, due to new or changed requirements, an
extension of the network is necessary.
 SCOPES AND LIMITATIONS OF THE
STUDY

Limitations
• According to the research, it is limited with
home automation system will be extremely
reliant on your remote controller. If your
connection drops you’ll be left with a lot of
smart products that won’t work.
 SCOPES AND LIMITATIONS OF THE
STUDY

• Additionally, wireless signals can possibly be

interrupted by other electronics in your home
and cause some of your smart products to
function slowly or not at all.
CHAPTER 2
 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

• This is the preview of the conceptual model

and the review of related literatures and
studies. It includes the underlying frame
work of the study and the definitions of
terms.
 INTRODUCTION

• Home automation takes away a wide range of

initiatives from people. It is instantly control and
people do not have to have a hand in it. Using it
will help increase the use of appliances, even the
small gadgets. It allows the house lighting range
be managed as well as instantly managed in each
room. It is often regarded to be set up quickly
and under management with just a key.
 WIRELESS CONNECTION
• Due to the advancement of wireless technology,
there are several different of connections are
introduced such as GSM, WIFI, ZIGBEE, and
Bluetooth. Several studies have done based on
the wireless connection implemented in HAS.
Elshafee and K. Hamed implement WiFi
technology as a network infrastructure
connecting its parts of system.
• Based on the study of HAS project done by
researchers and developers, K. P. Dutta
BLUETOOTH BASED HOME AUTOMATION
AND SECURITY SYSTEM USING ARM9

• Home automation allows us to control household

appliances like light, door, fan, AC etc. It also provides
home security and emergency system to be activated.
Home automation not only refers to reduce human
efforts but also energy saving and time efficiency.
• International Journal of Engineering Trends and
Technology (IJETT) – Volume 4 Issue 9- Sep 2013
from CMR College of Engineering &Technology,
Hyderabad, AP-India
 HOME AUTOMATION USING RF
MODULE
• This work presented here is to controlled
independent home electrical appliances through RF
based remote system. From any place without any
line of sight around the house, RF based wireless
remote control system can change the state of the
electrical appliances either in on state or off state.
• Research conducted by N K Kaphungkui
Department Of ECE, Dibrugarh University, India.
 HOME AUTOMATION SYSTEM
USING GSM
• This system is designed for secured wireless
communication, our system is based on the WSN
system user can access the system from android mobile
using GSM module .Project contain the two section one
is transmitter section and another section is receiver.
• Research conducted by Amruta Patil, Pooja Potnis,
Karishma Katkar Electronics and Telecommunications
Engineering Department , Government College of
Engineering and Research , Awasari (kd)
,Pune(412405) ,Maharashtra , India .
 COMPONENT DESCRIPTIONS

• Arduino UNO:
• The 8 – bit ATmega 328P
microcontroller based Arduino UNO is
used in the project to control different
components like Bluetooth module and
relay network.
 Bluetooth Module:

• The Bluetooth Module used in this project is

HC- 05. As seen in the image below, this
Bluetooth module has 4 – pins for VCC (5V),
ground, TX and RX.
• This Bluetooth can be used with Bluetooth
enabled phone (or tablet or laptop) and the range
of this module is approximately 10 meters.
Bluetooth Module:

FIGURE 2.1
 Channel Relay Board:
• CA 1 – channel relay board is used in this project
to control four different loads. It has all the
necessary components and connections like base
current limiting resistor, flyback diode, LED
indicators and header for connecting it to other
devices.
• Caution: We should be very careful when using a
relay with AC mains.
Channel Relay Board:

Figure 2.2
CONCEPTUAL MODEL OF THE
STUDY
CONCEPTUAL MODEL OF THE
STUDY
Continuation of the hardware
requirement

Figure 2.3. Conceptual Model of the Study of Bluetooth

Home Automation System using Arduino
 CONCEPTUAL MODEL OF THE
STUDY
• This study adopted the input-process-output
model of the project development. The input
requirements are classified as to Knowledge
Requirements, Software Requirements, and
Hardware Requirements. The Knowledge
Requirements are Home Automation System
guide and Bluetooth Connections. Software
Requirements is consist of Arduino
Programming.
 DEFINITION OF TERMS
• Arduino Uno-The 8 – bit ATmega 328P
microcontroller based Arduino UNO is used in the
project to control different components like Bluetooth
module and relay network.
• Bluetooth module -This Bluetooth can be used with
Bluetooth enabled phone (or tablet or laptop) and the
range of this module is approximately 10 meters.
• Channel relay board - is used in this project to
control four different loads. It has all the necessary
components and connections like base current
limiting resistor, flyback diode, LED indicators and
header for connecting it to other devices.
CHAPTER 3
 METHODOLOGY

This chapter represents the project design, project

development, operation and
testing procedure as well as the evaluation
procedure.
This home automation system is intended to be
used by any people equipped with Bluetooth
phones or tablet. The study of home automation
system can benefit on.
 PROJECT DESIGN

1.) When you convert your home into a home

automation, you’ll have all of your products
programmed to your specific needs.
Additionally, being able to control your home.
2.) Almost all home products can be installed
many of them don’t even require you to bring
someone into your home.
FIGURE 3.1: BLOCK DIAGRAM OF THE HOME AUTOMATION SYSTEM
FIGURE 3.2 : SCHEMATICS DIAGRAM OF THE HOME
AUTOMATION SYSTEM
 PROJECT DEVELOPMENT

• Hardware Development
• 1. Create a Design for the Home automation
system.
• 1.1 Seen in the Figure 3.3.
 PROJECT DEVELOPMENT
•Prototyping board
(Bread board)
2. Purchased the •Connecting wires
following materials •Smartphone or tablet
• Arduino UNO (Bluetooth enabled)
• HC – 05 Bluetooth
Module
• Lamp Socket
• Light Bulb
 PROJECT DEVELOPMENT

3. Arduino Uno
• The Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board based on
the ATmega328This board is very simple and can be
easily used, everything you need to support the
microcontroller is in this board, just plug it in a
computer via USB cable and power using an AC-to-DC
adapter or battery to get started.
 PROJECT DEVELOPMENT
4. HC-05 Bluetooth Module
• It is a module which means the connection has
to be initiated by a master module; in this case
the master module is the android device. It is
small in size and its voltage is 3.3V that makes it
compatible with any kind of microcontroller
with the power of 3.3V. it’s baud rate can be set
using the ATcommands.
• Figure 2.1-HC-05 Bluetooth Module
 PROJECT DEVELOPMENT

5. Relay module
• By connection the power source to the In
Port and the wanted appliance to the
normally open Pin (NO) if you want it to be
active high otherwise connect it to the
normally connected Pin (NC).
 PROJECT DEVELOPMENT

6. Android Phone + Android App

• In this Project and android phone is used as the
remote control for the user alongside with an
app . The app employs a simple Android user
interface to control Arduino Uno's digital and
PWM pins, send text commands to Arduino-
Uno and receive data from Arduino over
Bluetooth serial module.
 PROJECT DEVELOPMENT
• Software Development
1. Programming the Arduino-Uno
• In order for the Arduino-Uno board to be able
to interact with the application used in this
project certain program (code) needs to be
uploaded to the Arduino-Uno.Arduino
Company provides user friendly software which
allows writing any code for anyfunction wanted
to be performed by the Arduino-Uno and
upload it to the board.
 PROJECT DEVELOPMENT

2. Connecting the Arduino-Uno board to the

Bluetooth module
• A connection between the Arduino-Uno and the
Bluetooth module is required in order toenable the
android to control the Arduino-Uno.First we need
to connect the VCC pin of the Bluetooth module
to the VCC port in theArduino-Uno board. Second
we need to connect the GND pin of the Bluetooth
module to theGND port in the Arduino-Uno
board.
 PROJECT DEVELOPMENT

• Lastly we need to connect the receiver of the

Bluetooth module to the transmitter of the
Arduino-Uno board and the transmitter of the
Bluetooth moduleto the receiver of the Arduino-
Uno board.
FIGURE 3.3: FLOW CHART OF THE HOME AUTOMATION SYSTEM
 OPERATION PROCEDURE
• Using this project, we can turn on or off
appliances remotely i.e. using a phone or tablet.
• The project can be further expanded to a smart
home automation system by including some
sensors like light sensors, temperature sensors,
safety sensors etc. and automatically adjust
different parameters like room lighting, air
conditioning (room temperature), door locks etc.
and transmit the information to our phone.
 OPERATION PROCEDURE

• Additionally, we can connect to internet and

control the home from remote location over
internet and also monitor the safety.
 TESTING PROCEDURE

• After installing the app on the phone and

connecting the Arduino-Uno board with the
Bluetooth module a test to make sure that the
phone is interacting with arduino via the
Bluetooth module is needed.
• Open the app in the android device.
 TESTING PROCEDURE

• Search for Bluetooth devices via the app.

• Connect to the Bluetooth module.
• If the light in the Bluetooth module stopped
blinking then everything is working fine
otherwise the wiring need to be checked.
 EVALUATION PROCEDURE
• In the preliminary evaluation, the software and hardware was evaluated using
pilot testing. It involves the checking if the system meets the requirement. It
is the process until it is error-free and accurate to the need of the users.
• The process of evaluation in the prototype demonstration was carried out via
survey on the performance of the prototype. The evaluation instrument was
spread to twenty(20) respondents that consist of elders and handicaps who
have knowledge and in need of this kind of research.
• The researchers explained the operation and shows to the panel of
respondents the procedures on setting up the prototype. During the
substantiation, the evaluation on the prototype was present and the
respondents filled up the evaluation instrument on the developed prototype.
• The evaluation instrument use likert scale to verify the level of performance
of the prototyped based on the given criteria. Each criterion consist of three
items that are beseem, best described and define. It includes functionality,
workability, durability, economy, and safety
•
 CHAPTER 4
HOME AUTOMATION SYSTEM USING
BLUETOOTH MODULE

• Results and Discussion

• In this chapter presents the project description
and structures, project capabilities and project
evaluation of the study.
 PROJECT DESCRIPTION AND
STRUCTURE

• The device, Home Automation System, as shown

in Figure 4, is design for the handicapped and
elders. This system can remotely switch on or off
household appliances connected to it, using
microcontroller and Bluetooth based android
application.
Figure 4.1
• The device consists of Arduino Uno that receives
commands from the device control app, and
responsible in controlling Bluetooth module and
relate network. Attached to the breadboard is the
HC-05 Bluetooth Module use to communicate
with other Bluetooth enabled device like mobile
phones and tablets with a range of 10 meters. The
Arduino is also connected to Channel Relay
Board, which can be connected to different
electronic devices like lights or electric fans. The
Smartphone with the downloaded device control
app as shown in figure 4.2.
FIGURE 4.2
 PROJECT CAPABILITIES AND
LIMITATIONS

• The prototype is designed for the ease of access of

light switches at home. It consists of an Arduino-Uno
board connected to a Bluetooth module, a smart
phone that is Bluetooth enabled to make connection
with the device. The connected smartphone will send
controls via Bluetooth triggering the Arduino-Uno
Board to send data to relay and control the switches
turning it on and off. The project is also capable to be
controlled with voice command and can control one
load
 PROJECT CAPABILITIES AND
LIMITATIONS

• However, Bluetooth communication only has

range of 10- meters. Once Bluetooth is
disconnected, device control app also
disconnects, and reconnecting Bluetooth is a task.
PROJECT EVALUATION
• Table 1 presents time interval response for
Bluetooth connections in different tasks. The
results showed that Bluetooth Pairing (PIN) has
the longest time interval response for LED light
indicator with a time of 0.5 seconds. Next is
Bluetooth Pairing (APP) with 24 second time
interval.
Meters Status Time interval

12 Not Detected N/A

10 Detected 2secs

7 Detected 2secs.

5 Detected 2secs

2 Detected 2secs
• Table 2 shows the response of the app in different
meters. The results showed that Bluetooth
Module cannot detect in 10 meters above.
 Tasks Time Interval

Light 1 (ON/OFF) 2secs.

Voice Control 12secs.

• Table 3 reveals that the voice control has longest
time interval than the ON/OFF switch of Light 1.
Criteria Mean (x) Descriptive Rating

Functionality 4.4 Very Good

Workability 4.96 Excellent

Durability 4.56 Excellent

Safety 4.3 Very Good

Economy 4.73 Excellent

Saleable 4.48 Very Good

Overall Mean 4.57 Excellent

• Table 4 presents the summary of evaluation
results based on the survey that conducted in
October 7.2018. The system was evaluated by 20
respondents composed of people of all ages
including students, parents, workers, elders, and
persons with disability.
• The evaluators rated the prototype “Very good”
on functionality with a mean of 4.4. The result
showed that the device can be operated easily,
and the app can respond in real time.
In workability, the result revealed that the device
is appropriate and easy to understand and learn
having a mean rating of 4.59. Meanwhile in
safety, the prototype was rated “Very Good” with
a mean rating of 4.5. The result presented that the
device has availability of material, tools and
machine.
 COSTING
Items Cost
Arduino UNO 350
HC-05 Bluetooth Module 440
Single Channel Relay Board 119
Breadboard 120
Connecting Wires 50
Lamp Socket 25
Light bulb 48
Total: 1,152 Php
 CHAPTER 5

• SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS, AND

RECOMMENDATIONS
• This chapter presents the summary of findings,
conclusions and recommendations based from
the results of the evaluation, comments, and
suggestions.
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS

• It can be concluded that Home Automation System using

Arduino was a success. This system consists of an
Arduino-Uno board, a Bluetooth Module, an Android
phone, power sockets, home appliances and an android
Application. It is user friendly and it is cost effective.
• The prototype was tested on its functionality and
reliability in terms of responses of the Bluetooth
Connections, the responses in meters, and the system
response. The device was evaluated to “Excellent” with a
mean of 4.57 which means that the device reached its
desired performance.
CONCLUSIONS

• Constructed a wireless home automation system

controlled by a smartphone specifically an
android device.
• Designed and implement cost effective home
automation system yet an efficient one.
• Designed a user friendly and a safe system to
control home appliances especially aimed to aid
the elders and handicapped.
RECOMMENDATIONS

• Better to use relay modules and connect it

directly than using normal relays with
breadboard.
• Try to find a way to amplify the Bluetooth
module signal to work in greater distance.
• Test each and every component before using
them especially the relays for safety purposes.