CONSTRUCTION SEQUENCE OF

SILOS
 SILOS
Silos are deep bins in which the plane of rupture of material store
meets the opposite sides of the structure before meeting the top
horizontal surface of the material. It is a tall cylindrical structure.

TYPES OF SILOS:
 Reinforced concrete silos
 Prestressed concrete silos
 Steel silo
 Concrete block silo
 Fibre Reinforced Polymer Silos
 CONSTRUCTION SEQUENCE OF SILOS
Foundation:The foundation should necessarily be a raft construction.
It should be constructed in one pair to avoid cold joint.
Wall: Three methods are available
 Conventional method
 Jumpform method
 Slipform method.
Roof slab: The roof slab is of concrete. However, it is not possible to
do stuttering for the slab/beam system from bottom.
Tunnel inside silo: Plum concrete is done in the bottom zone of the
silo and the tunnel base slab, side wall and roof are constructed in the
sequence by conventional method.

Floor of silo: This rests on plum concrete and this floor is constructed
by convential method.Concreting is done through manholes provided in
the side walls.
 CONSTRUCTION TYPE
The construction types of silos are
 Flat Bottom Silos
 Hopper Bottom Silos
 Smooth Wall Silos
 Stainless Steel Silos
 Corrugated Steel Silos
 Bolted & Welded Steel Silos
 Elevated Silos
 Tower Silos
 Transportable Silos
 Lipp Silo
 FLAT BOTTOM SILOS
 Flat bottom silo, a flat surface is required to give full support.
 The floor design of the steel silos is decided by the material to be
silos.
 In flat bottom silos, air slides can be bolted onto the plinths cast into
the floor or bolted directly to the silo floor.
 If you plan to store cement, fly ash or other materials that require
fluidizing systems, flat bottom silos are generally the first choice.
 For a custom made steel silos such as columns are required below
the silo floor, our material handling designers and silo designers will
reach agreement through consultation to ensure the needs of both are
 met.
 Additionally, if the steel grain silos need to accept loads from
mixing, condition and unloading equipments, equipment floors will
be added to the steel silo plans.
 Flat bottom silos are one of the most common used steel silos in
agricultural industry. And they are regard as the most popular and
cost-effective way for long term storage, especially for grain
and feed storage. All our flat bottoms are designed and constructed
in accordance with D-4097 or ASTM D-3299 standards.
FLAT BOTTOM SILO
CONSTRUCTION OF FLAT BOTTOM
SILO
HOPPER BOTTOM SILOS

 Hopper bottom silo, also named as cone bottom silo, hopper

bottom storage bins, refers to silo with a cone bottom.
 Generally, a funnel is needed in the silo for most material storage.
 For small silo storages, the steel hopper/cone can be fixed with the
sidewalls.
 However for industrial silos with large diameter, to reduce the risk,
the hopper/cone is designed to be supported by the silo bottom floor.
 Hopper bottom silo contains complete drainage.
 The configuration of hopper silo depends on the type of material to
be stored.
 In generally, pellet products require a 45° cone bottom silo while
powder or other material which is hard to flow fits 60° cone bottom
silo storage.
 Hopper bottoms are designed in accordance D-4097 or ASTM
D-3299 standards for elevated cone heads.
 Hopper bottom steel silo come standard with a primed carbon steel
pipe leg stand with silo floor plates and a standard 18” under
clearance from the silo bottom to the silo floor plates.
 That is to say, hopper bottom silo is your only choice if complete
drainage is absolutely necessary.
HOPPER BOTTOM SILOS
 SMOOTH WALL SILOS

 Smooth wall silos is cylindrical in shape from top to bottom.

 Smooth wall silos are designed for bottom reclaiming.

The followings are the advantages of KMEC smooth wall bins:

 Smooth wall design can help eliminating the bridging of materials in
bottom unloading silos.
 The interior silo wall is smooth and all fasteners are located on the
outside of the bin silos.
 Smooth wall bin design largely contributes to bridging problems
since all wall sheet offsets, corrugations and bolt heads on inside
walls are eliminated.
Smooth walls are clean and have no
contamination problems and this makes
Smooth Wall Hopper Bin a good choice for
food or grain storage.
Flange and angle silo wall construction which
creates a smooth interior wall also provides
tight joints while permitting normal expansion
and contraction from radical ambient
temperature changes and when absorbing
foreign vibrations.
SMOOTH WALL SILOS
 STAINLESS STEEL SILOS
 This type of silos are manufactured by stainless steel.
 This style of silo adopts 4mm thick stainless steel, higher-grade
coatings, screw seal and welding structure, which means less
maintenance and long working life.
 They have the ability to eliminate cross contamination and easy to
install.
 Stainless steel silos are widely in industrial areas especially Cement
Industry and agricultural industry.
 SALIENT FEATURES OF STAINLESS
STEEL
• Portability
• User-friendly
• Less maintenance
• Resistant to climatic variations
• Defect free
• Long working life
• Short construction period
• Trustworthy performance
• Ability to eliminate cross contamination
• Can withstand extensive use of open field
STAINLESS STEL SILOS
 CORRUGATED STEEL SILOS
 We manufacture a range of steel grain silos and metal silos that
match with the highest quality standards and can be applied to
various industries.
 Corrugated steel grain silo is made from stainless steel (ripple
steel sheet), known for high tensile strength and non reactivity.
 With experienced metal silo designing and constructing teams, we
can promise long working life and less maintenance of it, offering
our clients suitable silo system for a competitive price.
 This corrugated steel grain silo can also meet the needs of
portability, which means you can set the silo in place at the project
site by using a crane.
 ADVANTAGES OF CORRUGATED STEEL
SILOS
 Low request for foundation, low basic cost and low consumption of
steel.
 High degree of standardization, easy to install, short assembling
period.
 Equipped with conveyor, monitoring, drying and ventilation devices
and this makes the storage safer and more automatic.
 Long working period (more than 30 years).
 Easy to maintain. Our corrugated steel silo is easy to remove or
repair since all the parts of the silo are connected by standard bolts.
CORRUGATED STEEL SILOS
 BOLTED &WELDED STEEL SILOS
 welded and bolted steel silos are one of the most advanced storage silos in
the market.
 Our welded and bolted silos are recognized as kind of industry standard.
We supply both liquid storage silos and dry bulk storage silos.
 KMEC China offers a range of welded steel silos with varied diameters and
storage capacities.
 Both stainless steel and epoxy-coated carbon steel silos are available.
 And all these silos are designed to be water tight. Welded and bolted steel
silos can be widely applied for grain, food, mineral,
chemical/petrochemical storage.
WELDED SILOS

 KMEC’s welded silos are constructed without gaskets, seams and

bolts, eliminating material hang up problems.
 For welded epoxy-coated carbon steel silos, the outside wall must be
primed and enamel coated to prevent rusting and the inside wall
must be epoxy coated to keep away from contamination.
 But for welded stainless steel silos, there is no need of any internal
epoxy coating or external painting.
BOLTED STEEL SILOS

 Due to our stainless steel fabrication and carbon steel with factory-
baked protective coatings, along with a great selection of hardware
and gasketing, we can ensure the quality of our bolted steel silo and
offer our clients reliable storage solutions for various applications.
 For additional protection, bolted steel silos are supposed to utilize
plastic encapsulated bolt heads and nut caps.
 Reliable assembly, proven quality and the economy of silo
fabrication makes our bolted steel silos the best choice for industrial
liquid storage applications.
 ELEVATED SILOS
 Elevated silos such as grain elevator silos in various capacities
from 4 to 1450 tonnes.
 Designed by experienced engineers, our elevated silos are praised
for high strength, durability and good sealing effect.
 Elevated silos can be applied for both small grain storage and large
commercial operations.
Application:
 Suitable for feed, bean, corn, rice, wheat, cement storage and grain-
processing. It can also be used as warehouse, especially for grain
storage.
Features:
 Rapid emptying;
 Gas Sealed;
 Pest Eradication, no chemical residues, no risk of insect resistance.
 Custom-made elevator silo available.
 Clean design, no internal stiffeners.
 Movable and easy to install;
 Low cost and long service life (more than 30 years);
 Easy to maintain.
 TOWER SILOS
 Advanced tower silos are strong enough to withstand wind and
storm damage.
 Furthermore, quality control and on-site inspection is required
during construction.
 In generally, there are two styles of tower silo, one is tower silos
with antennas (antennas are mounted on the outside wall) and the
other is wireless silo tower with the antennas hidden (antennas are
mounted inside or under a fiberglass roof).
 Tower silos can also be designed with equipment rooms inside the
silo. During the silo construction, we have quality control and on-
site inspection to keep the strength and safety.
 In old days, tall, bullet-shaped tower silos are used for storing forage
crops for feeding animals. Over about 40 years, the design,
construction and foundation have been largely improved.
 Small size silo fabricating may be not that difficult for contractor or
distributor. But for large tower silos, experience, technical
knowledge and thorough soil investigation is quite necessary.
 That is to say, you are recommended to find a reliable and large
tower silo manufacturer, so that you can get optimal silo plans and
professional guidance.
 Besides, the properties of the foundation silos should also be taken
into account in silo design.
 TRANSPORTABLE SILOS
 Transportable silos adopt cone or hopper design and are
available in many diameters and capacities (8~115 tonnes).

 Our transportable storage silos are widely applied for grain

storage, covering flour, legumes and granulated fertilizer.
 LIPP SILOS
 The most advanced Lipp Silo construction machine and Lipp
patented technologies are widely used in the field of grain & oil,
brewage, cement, glass, ceramics, petrochemical, wastewater
treatment and biogas project etc.
 Manufacturing capacity reaches 5 million cubic meter, the silos built
by KMEC distribute in every province and autonomous region of
china and have already entered into international market
successfully.
Construction Materials
 According to stored materials, sanitation requirements and anti-
corrosive requirements, the following materials could be used to
carry out double folding to meet the requirements of various usages
such as steel plate, galvanized steel plate, aluminum plate, alloy
aluminum plate, stainless steel plate, nickel plate and our patented
material-Werinox.

Construction Equipments
 Lipp technology and equipments was invented by German – Savar
Lipp, Lipp equipment include decoiler, former, bender, scaffold and
high frequency stud welding machine.
 Folding Station: The bent material is rolled and folded into a spiral
silo body.
 Profiling Station: Material is bent into the preliminary shape and the
right diameter.
 Cаrrier Frаme: It cаrries the spirаl up-rising silo bοdy with the right
diаmeter.
 Coil Unwinder: Steel plate coil is unwinded on it.
 High Frequency Stud Welder: Tο weld the stiffener οn silo bοdy
with bοlt and sο avοiding the destructiοn οn material surface.
Construction Procedure
 Positioning of Lipp Euipment – Coiling Steel Plate – Siloroof
Installation – Silo Lifting – Silo Lowering and Fixing – Corridor
and Auxiliary Equipments Installation
CEMENT PLANT IN SHARJAH U.A.E.
CEMENT SILOS
CLINKER SILOS
THANK YOU