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 Crushing And Screening
Basic Terminology

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Basic Terminology
A Must To Know

 Feed Gradation (Feed Curve), how to read a feed curve?

 Product Gradation (Product Curve), how to read a product curve of a
crusher? Topsize?
 Reduction Ratio
 C.S.S. – Closed Side Setting
 O.S.S. – Open Side Setting
 Eccentric Throw or Stroke
 General Rule of Thumb
 Crushing Chamber or Profile
 Crushers – Nominal % Smaller Than CSS
 Capacity – “Peaked” Capacity Vs Average Capacity

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Feed Gradation
How To Read?

 Topsize?
 Percentage passing 100mm?
 75% passing ____ mm?

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Feed Gradation
How To Read?

 Assume both are feed curves

 Which one is single size feed?
 Which one is graded feed?

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Product Gradation
How To Read?

 Which one is feed curve?

 Which one is product curve?
 What crusher is this?

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Reduction Ratio
How To Calculate RR?

 Reduction Ratio = F80 / P80

 F80 = 80% of Feed

 P80 = 80% of Product

 RR = 400 / 16 = 25

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Reduction Ratio
Normal Reduction

Normal Reduction:
Jaw Crusher 2-3
Gyratory Crusher 3-4
Cone Crusher 3-5
Impact Crusher (VSI) 4-6
Impact Crusher (HSI) 7-10

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Reduction Ratio
Exercise 1

 F80?
 P80?
 What is the RR?

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Reduction Ratio
Why RR is important in C&S?

 Understand the limitation of each crusher.

Example: Can a S3800-EC produces 0-20mm in closed circuit?

 Reduction Ratio determines number of stages in a crushing and screening

plant.

Example:
Plant with 0-600mm feedsize.
Products – 0-5mm, 5-10mm and 10-20mm.
How many stages that the plant needs?

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Closed Side Setting (CSS)
Jaw Crusher & Cone Crusher

CSS

CSS OSS = CSS + ECC Throw

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Closed Side Setting
Why CSS is important for a crusher?

 CSS determines the product curve and topsize of the discharge

 General Rule of Thumb:

Jaw Crusher – topsize = CSS x 2
S-Type Cone Crusher – topsize = CSS + Ecc Throw
H-Type Cone Crusher
What is the topsize of the discharge if a CH440 with CSS = 20mm and Ecc
Throw = 40mm?

 Tertiary cone, big CSS means – coarser discharge - more recirculation loads –
higher wear on mantle and concave, wire meshes, conveyor belts and transfer
points – HIGHER COST PER TONNE

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Crushing Profile
Wide Range Of Chambers

 All seven crushing chambers on the same topshell

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 Crushing Profile
Cone Crusher Identification

CH440-M/B/MC-40/36/32/44:2

 Crusher Type – CH (H-Type) & CS (S-Type)

 Size – 420, 430, 440, 660, 870, 880
 Crushing Chamber, Concave – EF, F, MF, M, MC, C, EC
 Mantle Profile – B, A, HC (Heavy Choke)
 Filler Ring – MF, M, MC, C
 Eccentric Throw (mm)
Why put 40mm ECC Throw in front?
 Mark Number
 What will be the identification for a S3800-EC with B mantle and
having 25mm ecc throw, mark number 2?
 CS430-EC/B-25/20/16/30:2

14 Sandvik Mining and Construction

 Nominal % < CSS
Jaw & Cone

 Jaw Crusher – Sandvik CJ Series

Nominal % < CSS = 70%
Example, CJ412 with CSS = 150mm
70% of the product will be smaller than 150mm (CSS of the crusher)

 Cone Crusher – Sandvik CS & CH Series

Crusher EC C Crusher M MF

CS430 55% 62% CH440 78% 79%

15 Sandvik Mining and Construction

Capacity
Peaked Capacity Vs Average Capacity
 Capacity is always measured in mtph (metric tonne per hour).
 Peaked Capacity is always measured by belt cut, is an indication of the
capacity that the plant is capable of.
 Average Capacity is the measure of the capacity of the plant in long run
basis.
 Example, a 500mtph 0-20mm plant operated for 8 hrs, total tonnage
produced was 3,200mt.
 What is the Peaked Capacity of this plant?
 What is the Average Capacity of this plant?
 Why this is always a difference in between both?
 Average Capacity = Peaked Capacity * Efficiency Factor
 Factors – stoppage due to metal detector, operators slow down the
feed rate, bridging problems, problems at transfer point, chutes, etc

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Summary
Exercise 2

 Divide into 2 groups and discuss the following

 Standard 350/250tph (0-20mm) plant
 From the flow-sheet given, please identify the tph and size of fractions
(say 20-75mm, 0-40mm, etc) on each connection line

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