INFORMASI OBAT

• Pemberian informasi obat merupakan salah satu

tanggungjawab dasar seorang farmasis.
• Informasi dapat berupa informasi pd pasien yg
spesifik, Bagian integral dr asuhan kefarmasian,
atau pd kelompok pasien; pengembangan
therapeutic guideline,publikasi surat kabar
elektronik atau updating a website.
• Farmasis dapat berfungsi sebagai sumber informasi
dari isu-isu terkait pemilihan dan penggunaan cost-
effective medication, medication policy decisions
(drug benefits), Pemilihan simber informasi obat,
atau isu2 terkait praktek.
• Peluang di bidang informasi obat sedang berkembang
di dunia kesehatan.
• Dengan adanya keinginan pelaku kesehatan untuk
mengurangi health care costs, petualangan
konsumerisme, dan integrasi dr teknologi baru, peluang
informasi obat berkembang dlm beberapa area
termasuk managed care organizations, pharmaceutical
industry, medical and specialty care clinics, scientific
writing and medical communication companies, dan
industri asuransi.
• Istilah informasi obat dapat memiliki arti yg berbeda
tergantung pada konteks penggunaannya.
• Jika diminta utk mendefinisikan, seseorang mungkin
akan mendeskripsikan sebagai informasi yg tercetak pd
referensi atau sbg infromasi yg diucapkan pd individu
yg terlibat dlm pengobatan.
 Pd banyak kasus, para individuamenggunakan
istilah ini dlm konteks berbeda, terkait pd siapa/apa
penggunanya, cth:
• Specialist/practitioner/pharmacist/provider
• Center/service/practice
• Functions/skills
• Group pertama merujuk pd individu spesifik, grup
kedua merujuk pd tempat, dan yg ketiga merujuk
pada kegiatan atau kemampuan individu.
• Saat ini, istilah informasi obat atau medication
information digunakan utk menyampaikan
manajemen dan penggunaan informasi terkait
terapi obat dan untuk merujuk pd fungsi farmasis yg
luas dlm penyampaian informasi.
• Istilah ini dapat merujuk baik pada penyampaian
informasi utk pasien spesifik atau dlm konteks
pengobatan thd kelompok pasien(e.g., development
of policies and procedures on medication use).
• Informan obat / Drug informatics adalah istilah lain
yg digunakan utk mendeskripsikan fungsi-fungsi yg
terlibat pd seorang spesialis infromasi obat.
• Informan obat /Drug informatics memberikan
perhatian pd penggunaan teknologi sbg bgn integral
dr usahan untuk organizing, analyzing, and
managing information on medication use in
patients secara efektif.
 The Beginning
• The term drug information developed in the early
1960s when used in conjunction with the words
center and specialist. In 1962, the first drug
information center was opened at the University of
Kentucky Medical Center
• An area separated from the pharmacy was
dedicated to provide drug information. The center
was to be "a source of selected, comprehensive
drug information for staff physicians and dentists to
evaluate and compare drugs" as well as to provide
for the drug information needs of nurses.
• The first formal survey, conducted in 1973,
identified 54 pharmacist operated centers in the
United States.
• The individual responsible for operation of the
center was called the drug information specialist
• The expectation was that drug information would
be stored in the center and retrieved, selected,
evaluated, and disseminated by the specialist.
• Information would be disseminated to respond to
specific questions, to assist in the evaluation of
drugs for use in the hospital, or to inform others
through newsletters of current developments
related to drugs.
 Medication Information Services
• Support for clinical services
• Answering questions
• Developing criteria/guidelines for medication use
• Pharmacy and therapeutics committee activity
• Development of medication use policies
• Formulary management Publications—newsletter,
journal columns, websites Education—in-services
for health professionals, students, consumers
• Medication usage evaluation/medication use
evaluation
• Investigational medication control
• Institutional Review Board activities
• Information for practitioners
• Coordination of reporting programs, e.g.,
adverse medication reactions Poison
information
• why the development of drug information centers and
specialists was important?
"Drug literature is vast and complex. The very problem of
defining what constitutes the literature is difficult."
"Drug literature is growing rapidly in size. It is also
increasingly complex, i.e., interdisciplinary and
interprofessional in nature. Thus, drug information 'sprawls
across' many professional journals of the most varied
types."
"Literature on clinical experience with drugs is sizable and is
growing. Its effective use by the practitioner offers many
difficulties."
"Competent evaluation of masses of drug information is
particularly necessary."
• today when given the figures of more than 20,000
biomedical journals and approximately 17,000 new
biomedical books published annually are
considered.
• Many journals are now published both in print and
on the Internet (i.e., e-journal or electronic journal).
• Drug information specialists can provide leadership
in this area.
• In the 1960s, the availability of new drugs (e.g.,
neuromuscular blockers and first-generation
cephalosporins) was providing challenges for
practitioners to keep abreast and make appropriate
decisions for their patients.
• The information environment relied heavily on the print
medium for storage, retrieval, and dissemination of
information.
• The ability to transmit such information over telephone
lines (online technology) was not available until 1971
when MEDLINE® was introduced and was limited to
libraries
• Perkembangan pusat informasi obat dan drug
information specialists merupakan awal dr lahirnya
konsep farmasi klinis.
• Ini merupakan pondasi bg farmasis untuk menunjukkan
kemampuannya utk mengambil tanggungjawab yg lebih
dlm memberikan input thd patient drug therapy.
• Over time, the activity of the pharmacist as a
medication expert for patients has gained acceptance
in a variety of practice settings including community
pharmacies, nursing homes, and primary and specialty
practices in medicine.
• Pharmacists who provide patient-specific information
with a goal of improving patient outcomes use the
medical literature to support their choices.,
• Pharmacists involved in patient care areas (e.g.,
hospitals, clinics, long-term care, and home health
care) now frequently answer drug information
questions, participate in evaluating a patient's drug
therapy, and conduct medication usage evaluation
activities.
• Farmasis harus memiliki kemampuan dalam
menggunakan informasi yg sesuai dan mampu
mengevaluasinya untuk memastikan bahwa
infromasi yg diberikan adalah informasi terkini dan
akurat dlm membuat keputusan terkait penggunaan
obat bagi mereka yg dilayani.
 Medication Information Skills
• Assess available information and gather situational data
needed to characterize question or issue
• Formulate appropriate question(s)
• Use a systematic approach to find needed information
• Evaluate information critically for validity and
applicability
• Develop, organize, and summarize response for
question or issue
• Communicate clearly when speaking or writing,
considering the audience level
• Anticipate other information needs
• Opportunities continue to grow for the
participation of the pharmacist in home health care
and long-term care that require a solid therapeutic
knowledge base, an understanding of the medical
literature, and the ability to communicate the
information through either verbal or written
consultation
• Opportunities for pharmacists are also available in
the area of veterinary pharmaceutics.
• Information is needed by both the animal owner
and the veterinarian.
• Factors Influencing the Evolution of the Pharmacist's
Role as a Medication Information Provider.
• In addition to the changing philosophy of practice,
several other factors are influential in the evolution of
the pharmacist's role as a medication information
provider.
• These include the prevention of adverse drug events
(ADEs), growth of information technology, changes in
the health care environment with a focus on evidence-
based medicine and the evaluation of outcomes, the
sophistication of medication therapy, and a more
knowledgeable patient.
• Semua farmasis harus dapat menjadi pemberi
informasi obat yg efektif terlepas dr latar tempat
prakteknya.
• the New Mexico Conference: Informan obat yg
efektif menerima, menilai dan mengevaluasi
informasi obat yg dibutuhkan serta memperoleh,
mengevaluasi, mengkomunikasikan dan
mengaplikasikan data dr publikasi literatur dan
sumber2 lainnya sbg bagian integral dr perawatan
pasien.