Prepared by:
1. Out of uterus
3
Labor
3rd def:
4
Normal labor
1. Spontaneous
2. At term
3. Vertex
4. Not prolonged
5. Natural with minimal assistance
6. Without complication to mother & baby
5
Abnormal labor
• Any deviation from normal
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True labor pain
• Contraction • Cervical change
1. Painful
2. Regular interval 1. Effacement
3. +intensity 2. Dilatation
4. +duration
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Stage of labor
Stage Primi Multi Def.
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Placental separation
• Central • Marginal
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Mechanism of labor
• Defn.:- 1. Engagement
Series of movements 2. Descent & Flexion
of fetus in birth canal 3. Internal rotation
during labor 4. Crowning
5. Extension
6. Restitution
7. External rotation
8. Lateral flexion
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Engaging diameter
12
Engagement/Descent
13
Engagement/Flexion1
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Engagement/Flexion2
15
Internal Rotation
16
Extension
17
Extension1
18
Extension2
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Restitution
20
External Rotation
21
Anterior Shoulder Delivery
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Posterior Shoulder Delivery
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Partograph
Defn.:-
• Graphical • Tracing esp. of cx
representation of dilatation & head
progress of labor descent against the
duration of labor in
hours.
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Phases of labor
• Latent phase • Active phase
1. Acceleration
2. Phase of maxm
slope
3. Deceleration
• <3cm dilation • >3cm dilatation
1. Primi=1cm/hr
2. Multi=1.5cm/hr
• Early onset of labor • Active labor
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P/V findings
1. Os dilatation In cm
2. Cx effacement In %
3. Station In +/- cm
4. Membrane +/-
5. Position Of denominator
6. Pelvic adequacy Adequate /
Inadequate
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Descant/Engagement
1. 5/5Above brim • Free/Floating
2. 4/5 • Not engaged
3. 3/5 • Not engaged
4. 2/5’0’station, at • Engaged
ischial spine
5. 1/5 • Engaged
6. 0/5 • Engaged
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Descant/Engagement
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3rd stage
• Firm non ballottable • Firm ballottable ut
ut
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Management of labor
1. Support to the pt • Antiseptic & aseptic
2. Positioning of the pt precaution during
3. Hand wash/Scrub 1. Exam
4. Sterile gloves 2. Conduction of
5. Vulval toiletting delivery
6. P/V exam
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P/V exam
• Indication • Contraindication
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