Advantages of Digital Communication

over Analog Communication

By Maysum Abbas
Course: ADC
Date: 5th April 2019
Advantages over Analog
1. Greater Noise Immunity

2. Regenerative Repeaters

3. Higher security (data encryption)

4. Simpler Multiplexing

5. Possibility of Error Handling

6. More Flexible and Reliable

7. Possibility of Advanced Signal Processing

1. Greater Noise Immunity
• This is because the digital signals take on one of only two different values

• Disturbance would have to be about one-half the magnitude of the digital

signal to cause an error.

• Information is quantized, as long as the signal stays inside a range of

values, it represents the same information.

• Digital circuits use this principle to regenerate the signal at each logic gate,
lessening or removing noise.

• Analog signals vary continuously and their value is affected by all levels of
noise.
2. Regenerative Repeaters
• Regenerative Repeaters can be used between transmitters and receivers.

• HOW: It performs three main function:

a) Reshapes the incoming pulses through equalizer
b) Extracts the timing information which is a clock recovery, for sampling incoming
pulses at optimum instant
c) Make symbol detection decision thus a fresh sampled pulse is generated

• Improves SNR
3. Higher security (data encryption)
• Privacy is preserved by using data encryption. Using data encryption. only
permitted receivers can be allowed to detect the transmitted data.

• This is very useful in military applications.

• HOW: Encryption is the process that converts the original message into a
cipher data at the transmitter end and Decryption is done at the receiver
end to recover the message signal. It is based on an algorithm that both
sender and receiver know

• It is also called “Cryptography”

• In this way a message can not be read by anyone except the authorized
receiver.

• Key-based cryptographic techniques used in digital communications are:

Secret Key Cryptography (SKC), Public Key Cryptography (PKC) and
Hash Functions
4. Simpler Multiplexing
• TDM (Time Division Multiplexing) technique can be used to transmit many
voice channel over a common single transmission channel.

• Full channel bandwidth can be utilized for each channel by all users.

• Time division multiplexing circuitry is not complex.

• Problem of cross talk is not severe unlike FDM.

• HOW: A specialized circuit, called a serializer, allocates specific time slots to

parallel input streams And by deserializer.
5. Possibility of Error Handling
• Due to the channel coding technique in digital communication, it is possible
to detect and correct the errors introduced during the data transmission.

• In digital communication the coding techniques are used to detect and

correct the errors.

• Parameter which tells the probability of Error is Bit Error Rate (BER)

• Bit error rate (BER) is used in digital telecommunication as a figure of merit

for how effectively the receiver is able to decode transmitted data.

• It is the percentage of bits that have errors relative to the total number of
bits received in a transmission, usually expressed as ten to a negative
power.

• For example, a transmission might have a BER of 10-3 , meaning that on

average, 1 out of every of 1000 bits transmitted exhibits an error.
5. Possibility of Error Handling
• The codes which are used for both error detecting and error correction are
called as “Error Correction Codes (ECCs)”.

• Types of Error Detection:

1. Parity Checking
2. Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC)
3. Longitudinal Redundancy Check (LRC)

• Types of Error Correction:

1. Single Bit Error Correction
2. Burst Error Correction

• Hamming code is the best error correcting code we use in most of the
communication network and digital systems.
6. More Flexible and Reliable
• High speed computers and powerful software design tools are available.
They make the development of digital communication systems flexible.

• With the use of microprocessor and Very large scale integration (VLSI)
chips, hardware implementation is more flexible than analog hardware.

• To design analog system : analog components like resistors capacitors and

inductors are used and these components reduces accuracy of analog system
but this is not so in digital systems.

• Thus Digital communication has better accuracy.

7. Possibility of Advanced Signal
Processing
• It is possible to use advanced data processing techniques such as digital
signal processing (DSP), image processing and data compression.

• Digital signal processing (DSP) is concerned with the representation of

signals by a sequence of numbers or symbols and the processing of these
signals.

• In today’s scenario, software implementation is also feasible due to easy

availability of high speed processors.

• Compression of data is an important feature as well, which involves

removing the redundancy in the data

• Compression through Compandor reduces the quantization error in digital

communication
THANK YOU
Questions?