Chapter 1
Introduction to
Computers
Chapter 1 Objectives
Recognize
Recognizethe
theimportance
importanceof
of
computer
computerliteracy
literacy Distinguish
Distinguishbetween
betweensystem
systemsoftware
software
and
andapplication
applicationsoftware
software
Define
Definethe
theterm,
term,computer
computer
Describe
Describethe
thecategories
categoriesof
ofcomputers
computers
Identify
Identifythe
thecomponents
components
of
ofaacomputer
computer Identify
Identifythe
theelements
elementsof
of
an
aninformation
informationsystem
system
Discuss
Discussthe
theadvantages
advantagesand
and
disadvantages
disadvantagesofofusing
usingcomputers
computers Describe
Describethe
thevarious
varioustypes
types
of
ofcomputer
computerusers
users
Recognize
Recognizethe
thepurpose
purposeof
ofaanetwork
network
Discuss
Discussvarious
variouscomputer
computer
applications
applicationsin
insociety
society
Discuss
Discussthe
theuses
usesof
ofthe
theInternet
Internetand
and
World
WorldWide
WideWebWeb
Next
A World of Computers
p. 6 Next
What Is a Computer?
What is the information processing cycle?
Input
Process
Output
Storage
Communication
Processor
Also called a Central Processing Unit (CPU)
The electronic component that interprets and carries
out the basic instructions that operate the computer
Memory
Consists of electronic components that store
instructions waiting to be executed and data needed by
those instructions
p. 8 Next
The Components of a Computer
What is storage?
Holds data, instructions, and information
for future use
Storage
Storagemedia
media
Physical
Physicalmaterial
materialon
onwhich
whichdata,
data,instructions,
instructions,
and
andinformation
informationare
arestored
stored
Storage
Storagedevice
device
Records
Recordsand
andretrieves
retrievesitems
itemstotoand
andfrom
from
storage
storagemedia
media
p. 8 Next
The Components of a Computer
What is a USB flash drive?
Portable
Portablestorage
storagedevice
device
Small
Smalland
andlightweight
lightweightenough
enough
to
tobe
betransported
transportedononaakeychain
keychain
or
orin
inaapocket
pocket
The
Theaverage
averageUSBUSBflash
flashdrive
drive
can
canhold
holdabout
about500
500million
million
characters
characters
p. 8 Next
The Components of a Computer
What is a hard disk?
Provides greater storage
capacity than a
USB flash drive
Hardware
Hardwarecomponent
componentthatthat
enables
enablesaacomputer
computerto to
send
sendand
andreceive
receivedata,
data,instructions,
instructions,
and
andinformation
information
Occurs
Occursover
overcables,
cables,telephone
telephone
lines,
lines,cellular
cellularradio
radionetworks,
networks,
satellites,
satellites,and
andother
other
transmission
transmissionmedia
media
Click to view Web Link,
click Chapter 1, Click Web Link
from left navigation,
then click Communications
Devices below Chapter 1
p. 9 Next
Advantages and Disadvantages
of Using Computers
What are the advantages of using computers?
Storage Communications
p. 10 Next
Advantages and Disadvantages
of Using Computers
What are the disadvantages of using computers?
Violation of
Public Safety
Privacy
Impact on Impact on
Health Risks
Labor Force Environment
p. 10 - 11 Next
Networks and the Internet
What is a network?
Collection of computers and devices connected together
Used
Usedto
toshare
share
Resources
Resources
Hardware
Hardware
devices
devices Software
Software
programs
programs Saves
Saves
Data
Data time
time
Information
Information and
and
money
money
p. 11 Next
Networks and the Internet
What is a server?
A server controls
access to resources
on a network
Clients, or workstations,
request resources from
the server
AAWebWebpage
pagecontains
contains AAblog
blogconsists
consistsof
oftime-
time-
text,
text,graphics,
graphics,audio,
audio, stamped
stampedarticles
articlesinin
video,
video,and
andlinks
linkstoto
Click to view aajournal
journalformat
format
Web Link, other
otherWeb
Webpages
pages
click Chapter 1,
Click Web Link
from left navigation,
then click Social Networking Web
Sites below Chapter 1
p. 12 - 14 Next
Computer Software
What is software?
Consists
Consistsofofaaseries
series
of
ofinstructions
instructionsthat
that Also
Alsocalled
calledaa
tells
tellsthe
thecomputer
computer program
program
what
whattotodo
doand
and
how
howtotodo
doitit
p. 15 Next
Computer Software
Operating
OperatingSystem
System(OS)
(OS)
isisaaset
setof
ofprograms
programs
that
thatcoordinates
coordinatesall
all
activities
activitiesamong
among
computer Utility
UtilityPrograms
Programsallow
allowthe
theuser
usertoto
computerhardware
hardware perform
devices
devices performmaintenance-type
maintenance-typetasks
tasks
usually
usuallyrelated
relatedtotomanaging
managingaa
computer,
computer,its
itsdevices
devicesor
orits
itsprograms
programs
p. 15-16 Next
Computer Software
CLICK TO START
Next
Computer Software
Word
Spreadsheet
Processing
Presentation
Database
Graphics
Web application
p. 18 Fig. 1-13 Next
Categories of Computers
Game Consoles
Servers
Mainframes
Supercomputers
Embedded Computers
p. 19 Next
Personal Computers
Small
Smallenough
enoughto
to
carry
carryin
inaapocket
pocket
Internet-enabled
Internet-enabled
telephone
telephoneisisaa
“smart
“smartphone”
phone”
p. 21 - 22 Next
Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices
What is a handheld computer?
Used
Small by mobile
enough to fit employees such as
in one meter readers and
hand delivery people
A smart phone is
an Internet-enabled
telephone that usually
provides PDA capabilities
Basic
Basiccomputer
computerconcepts
concepts The
Theuses
usesof
ofthe
theInternet
Internet
The
Theterm,
term,computer
computer Computer
Computersoftware
software
The
Thecomponents
componentsof
ofaacomputer
computer Categories
Categoriesof
ofcomputers
computers
The
Theadvantages
advantagesand
anddisadvantages
disadvantagesof
of Types
using Typesof
ofcomputer
computerusers
users
usingcomputers
computers
The
Thepurpose
purposeof
ofaanetwork
network Computer
Computerapplications
applicationsin
insociety
society
Chapter 1 Complete