INSTRUMENTASI GEOLISTRIK

APA YANG HARUS DIFAHAMI?

• PRINSIP & METODE GEOLISTRIK
• KOMPONEN-KOMPONEN DASAR PENYUSUN SISTEM INSTRUMENTASI

DidikRS@UB - Lab. Pengukuran & Instrumentasi

 Electrical Methods Overview
Electrical methods employ a variety of measurements of the
effects of electrical current flow within the Earth.
The phenomena that can be measured include current flow,
electrical potential (voltages), and electromagnetic fields.

A summary of the more well-known electrical methods is

given below:
• DC Resistivity
• Induced Polarization (IP)
• Self Potential (SP)
• Electromagnetic (EM)
• Magnetotelluric (MT)

DidikRS@UB - Lab. Pengukuran & Instrumentasi

 DC Resistivity
Resistivity is NOT Resistance
• The problem with using resistance as a measurement is that it depends
not only on the material from which the wire is made, but also the
geometry of the wire.
• If we were to increase the length of wire, for example, the measured
resistance would increase. Also, if we were to decrease the diameter of
the wire, the measured resistance would increase.
• We want to define a property that describes a material's ability to
transmit electrical current that is independent of the geometrical
factors.

DidikRS@UB - Lab. Pengukuran & Instrumentasi

 Resistivity of Earth Materials
• Although some native metals and graphite conduct electricity, most
rock-forming minerals are electrical insulators.
• Measured resistivity in Earth materials are primarily controlled by the
movement of charged ions in pore fluids.
• Although water itself is not a good conductor of electricity, ground
water generally contains dissolved compounds that greatly enhance
its ability to conduct electricity.
• Hence, porosity and fluid saturation tend to dominate electrical
resistivity measurements. In addition to pores, fractures within
crystalline rock can lead to low resistivity if they are filled with fluids.

DidikRS@UB - Lab. Pengukuran & Instrumentasi

 A Practical Way of Measuring Resistivity

DidikRS@UB - Lab. Pengukuran & Instrumentasi

DidikRS@UB - Lab. Pengukuran & Instrumentasi
 Geo-electrical data are commonly expressed as apparent resistivity

where ΔV is the measured potential, I the transmitted current, and K the

geometrical factor expressed as

DidikRS@UB - Lab. Pengukuran & Instrumentasi

DidikRS@UB - Lab. Pengukuran & Instrumentasi
 Current is normally injected as a
switched square wave, Why is this ?

DidikRS@UB - Lab. Pengukuran & Instrumentasi

DidikRS@UB - Lab. Pengukuran & Instrumentasi
DidikRS@UB - Lab. Pengukuran & Instrumentasi
DidikRS@UB - Lab. Pengukuran & Instrumentasi
 DZD-6A Multi-Function DC Resistivity & IP Instruments

Main Applications:
• By utilizing relevant parameters of apparent resistivity and induced
polarization method, the instrument is widely used in many aspects
including metal and non-metal mineral resources exploration, energy
exploration, city geophysical exploration, railway and bridge engineering
exploration, etc.
• Search for groundwater, solve the human and animal drinking water issue
as well as industrial and agricultural water issue. Determine the hidden
safety risk location in reservoir dam foundation and flood-control dyke,
find faultage zone and collapse column, landslides, coal mining goaf, search
for geothermal and other hydrological, engineering geological exploration.
• Accessories made by our factory with 60-channel or 120-channel
multiplex electrode switch, also can be used for multi-electrode resistivity
survey system.

DidikRS@UB - Lab. Pengukuran & Instrumentasi

 Transmitter Part
• Maximum Transmitting Power: 4500 W
• Maximum Power Supply Voltage 900V
• Maximum Power Supply Current: 5A
• Instrument has over-voltage and over-current protection devices
• Power Pulse Width: 1-60 seconds, Duty Cycle 1:1

Receiving Part
• Measuring Voltage Range: -6000mV~+6000mV
• Measuring Voltage Resolution: 0.01 mV
• Measuring Voltage Accuracy: (at Vp>10mV)±5%, ±1 digit; (at
Vp<10mV)±1%, ±1 digit
• Measured Apparent Polarizability Accuracy: ±1%, ±1 digit
• Measuring Current Range: 0~5000 mA
• Measuring Current Resolution: 0.01 mA
• Measuring Current Accuracy: (at Ip>10mA)±5%, ±1 digit; (at
Ip<10mA)±1%, ± digit
• Input Impedance: ≥50MΩ
• Interference Suppression on 50Hz Power Frequency: Better than 80dB

DidikRS@UB - Lab. Pengukuran & Instrumentasi