OVERVIEW

 INTRODUCTION

 WORKING PRINCIPLE

 OPTICAL CURRENT TRANSFORMER

 DESIGN OF OPTICAL CURRENT TRANSFORMER

 APPLICATIONS

 ADVANTAGES

 DISADVANTAGES

 CONCLUSION
 INTRODUCTION

 An accurate electric current transducer is a key

component of any power system instrumentation.

 OCT’s defined as sensors that directly or indirectly

use optical sensing methods to measure electric
currents .
Different types of OCT’s are :


Based on Faraday effect

Based on interferometric principle

Based on Bragg Grating

Micromechanical sensors with optical readout

 WORKING PRINCIPLE
Magnetic OCT measures the electric current by means
of faraday effect.
Faraday effects comprises of two principles :

Polarization of light

Polarization is a property of certain types of waves

that describes the orientation of their oscillations.

Polarization of light are mainly of three types :

1. Linear polarization
2. Circular polarization
3. Elliptical polarization
 DIFFERENT POLARIZATION TYPES

Linear polarization

Circular polarization

Elliptical
polarization
FARADAY EFFECT :

“Michael Faraday discoverd

that the orientation of a linearly
polarized light was rotated under the
influence of the magnetic field when
the light propagated in a piece of
glass and the rotation angle was
propotional to the intensity of the
magnetic field”
OPTICAL CURRENT TRANSFORMER

● MOCT ‘s are another type of

transducers ,which are highly
immune to EMI

● MOCT uses optical sensing

methods to measure electric
currents.

● In the sensors several properties

of the signal carrier(light) can be
influenced

● MOCT’s are mainly based on

Faraday Effect.

●The Optical Current transformer

basically consists of: light
source, fibre optic cable,
polarizer, modulator and
electronics part.
Two waves travel at different speeds around the sensing fibre.The difference
in speed is proportional to the strength of the magnetic field.

Two waves reflects of a mirror and circular polarization of two waves gets
reversed .

They travelled in the opposite direction of the magnetic field.

Finally ,two waves again reach the quarter wave plate and linear
polarisation gets regained.
 DESIGN OF OPTICAL CURRENT
TRANSFORMER
●Design is divided into two parts: the electronics part and
the optical

●Design of the electronics part again divided into analog

model and digital model

●The analog model of the electronics part is modelled

with complex curve fitting method

●This method is basically to obtain the transfer function

model

●Thus the digital model for H(z) is obtained from Analog

signal H(s).
●The optics model is developed using Jones Calculus
method

●E0 and Ei represents the output and input energy.

●In Jones calculus method polarised light is represented

by a corresponding Jones Vector
 ADVANTAGES
No risks of fires & explosions.

High immunity to Electromagnetic interferences.

Wide frequency response.

Larger Dynamic Range.

Low voltage outputs-compatible with the inputs of

digital to analog converters.
 APPLICATIONS

The MOCT is designed to operate in a transparent

manner with modern electronic meters and digital
relays, which have been adopted for a low energy
analog signal interface.

Makes the output signal insensitive to shock &

vibration.

Most suited for outdoor type applications.

Eg.substations

Accurate measurement of fault currents.

 CONCLUSION

A new type of current transducer is introduced known as

magneto optical current transducer.

This magneto optical current transducer eliminates many

of the drawbacks of the conventional current transformers.

By applying Faraday’s principle this transducer provides

an easier and more accurate way of current measurements.
This MOCT is widely used in power systems and substations
nowadays.
THANK YOU