Educational domains and

objectives
 Educational domains and objectives
• Desirable changes in behavior as a result of
specific teacher and learner activity.
• Mainly focussed on learners performance so
also known as learning objectives.
Classification of educational objectives
1. institutional or general objectives:very broad
and focusses on what institution is aimed at
2. Intermediate objectives: related to a
particular learning experience or subject
matter

3.Instructional objectives:
specific,precise,attainable,measurable and
corresponding to each teaching learning activity.
 Other classification
1. Central objectives:written for every topic.

2. Contributory objective: specific objective

3. Indirect objective: byproduct of attainment

of other objectives
 Taxonomy of educational objectives
• Cognitive domain
• Affective domain
• Psychomotor domain
 Cognitive domain
six levels of objectives
Level 1 Knowledge: recall of specifics and universals,
methods and processes.
Level 2 Comprehension: level of understanding.
Level 3 Application: ability to use learned material.
Level 4 Analysis: differenciating (breakdown into
component part.
Level 5 Synthesis: generating
Level 6 Evaluation: ability to judge material
 Affective domain
Five levels of objectives
Level 1 : receiving (attending) best indicator verbal behavior
Level 2 responding: active response by the learner.
Level 3: Valuing : acceptance and internalization of value or
attitudes.
Level 4 Organization:abilty to organize the value
Level 5 Characterization: highest level .
 Psychomotor domain

seven level
Level 1 : perception : concerned with perception of basic cues.
Level 2 Set: cognitive ,affective and psychomotor readiness to
act.
Level 3 guided response: skill acqisition
Level 4 mechanism: performance has become habitual
Level 5 complex overt response:skilled performance
Level 6 Adaptation:adapt to cater for special circumstances.
Level 7 Organization: highest level
origination of new movements.
 Meaningful statement of objectives
• 1.subject eacher centered objectives
• 2centered objective
• 3.learner centered objective
• 4.behavior centered objective
 Characteristics of objectives

• Relevant
• Logical
• Univocal
• Feasible
• Observable
• Measurable
 Components of a
behavioural objective
• Condition of performance
• Student behaviour
• Performance criteria or
standard
 Advantages of writing behaviour
• clear sense of direction
• the type of teaching materials to be used
• type of method or instructional strategy to be
used
• Easy evaluation
 Strength of behavioural objective
• performance based, measurable and observable.
• easily communicated to teachers and students.
• facilitate organisation by specifying goals and
outcomes.
• clarify thinking and planning and resolve ambiguities.
• teacher proof and clear to anxious teachers.
• highly prescriptive.
• clear assessment and evaluation criteria.
• specify behaviours.
•
 Weakness of behavioural objective:
• They are highly instrumental, regarding education an
instrumentally rather than intrinsically worthwhile.
• They render students and teacher’s passive recipients
of curricula rather than participants in a process of
negotiations.
• They only cover the trivial, concrete and observable
aspects of education, thereby neglecting long term,
unobservable, unmeasurable deeper seated aims and
elements.
• Education became technicist, tending towards low level
training rather than higher level thinking.
•
 Cont…
• Because they are “teacher -proof” they build
out teacher’s autonomy.
• They lead to predictability rather than open
endedness, discovery, serendipity, creativity
and spontaneity.
• The process of evaluation is overtaken by
outcome dependence.
• They replace the significance of understanding
with an emphasis or behaviour.
 Bibliography

1.sankaranarayanan.s,learning and teaching

nursing, jaypee brothers medical
publishers(P)Ltd.,2012.
2.bhatia.k,the principles and methods of teaching,
doaba house,1994
3.quinn.francis M,quinn’s principles and practice of
nursing education,UK,Nelson thornes Ltd,2008
4.heidgerken.L,teaching and learning in school of
nursing,delhi,konark publishers pvt.Ltd,1992.
Thank
you