JOB SAFETY ANALYSIS

SESSION 5

 JOB SAFETY ANALYSIS

 NOT A LICENCE TO PERMIT
 IT IS A KEY TO SUCCESS
 KĀMAMAYA EVĀYAM PURUSA ITI |
SA YATHĀKĀMO BHAVATI TATKRATUR BHAVATI
YATKRATUR BHAVATI TAT KARMA KURUTE |
YAT KARMA KURUTE AD ABHISAMPADYATE ||

- BRIHADARANYAKOPANISHAT 4.4.5

YOU ARE WHAT YOUR DEEP DRIVING DESIRE IS

AS YOUR DESIRE IS, SO IS YOUR WILL
AS YOUR WILL IS, SO IS YOUR DEED
AS YOUR DEED IS, SO IS YOUR DESTINY
3.1 JSA

 GUIDE DOCUMENT FOR JOB SAFETY

ANALYSIS (JSA)
 HELPS INTEGRATE ACCEPTED SAFETY AND
HEALTH PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICES INTO
PARTICULAR TASK OR JOB OPERATION.
 IDENTIFIES POTENTIAL HAZARDS AND
RECOMMENDS THE SAFEST WAY TO THE
JOB.
 ‘JOB’ MEANS SPECIFIC WORK ASSIGNMENT

 NOT SUITABLE FOR JOBS DEFINED TOO

BROADLY EG. O/H OF BOILER
 TOO NARROWLY EG. OPENING OF VALVE.
3.2 JSA
 BENEFITS:
 DOESN’T RELY ON INDIVIDUAL MEMORY
AND PROCESS PROMPTS RECOGNITION
OF HAZARDS.
 A GROUP OF EXPERIENCED WORKERS /
ENGINEERS COMPLETE THE ANALYSIS
THROUGH DISCUSSION.
 MORE PEOPLE ARE INVOLVED AND A
MORE READY ACCEPTANCE OF WORK
PROCEDURE
 MEMBERS OF CROSS FUNCTIONAL
SAFETY TEAM MAY PARTICIPATE IN THE
PROCESS.
3.3 JSA

 BENEFITS:
 1. IDENTIFICATION OF PREVIOUSLY
UNDETECTED HAZARDS.
 2. IMPROVED SAFETY AND HEALTH
AWARENESS
 3. IMPROVED COMMUNICATION AMONG
WORKERS AND SUPERVISOR
 4. ACCEPTANCE OF SAFE WORKING
PROCEDURES
 5. ASSIST IN COMPLETING COMPREHENSIVE
ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION.
3.4 JSA

 BASIC STEPS:
 SELECTING THE JOB.

 BREAKING THE JOB INTO A

SEQUENCE OF BASIC STEPS.
 INDENTIFYING POTENTIAL HAZARDS.

 DETERMINING PREVENTIVE
MEASURES TO OVERCOME THESE
HAZARDS.
 COMMUNICATING THE INFORMATION
TO ALL CONCERNED.
3.5 JSA

 SELECTING THE JOB:

 MOST CRITICAL JOBS ARE EXAMINED
FIRST.
 FACTORS TO BE CONSIDERED IN
SETTING A PRIORITY
 ACCIDENT FREQUENCY AND SEVERITY:
 FREQUENT ACCIDENTS ON JOBS
 ACCIDENTS OCCUR INFREQUENTLY BUT
RESULT IS DISABLING INJURY.
 POTENTIAL FOR SEVERE INJURIES OR
ILLNESS: EXPOSURE TO HAZARDOUS
CONDITION , HARMFUL SUBSTANCES.
3.6 JSA

 NEWLY ESTABLISHED JOBS:

 MODIFIED JOBS:

 INFREQUENTLY PERFORMED JOBS: GREATER

RISK WHEN DOING NON-ROUTINE JOBS.
3.7 JSA
 BREAKING THE JOB INTO A SEQUENCE OF BASIC
STEPS:
 JOB STEP IS A SEGMENT OF OPERATION
NECESSARY TO ADVANCE THE WORK.
 JOBS TO BE DESCRIBED IN LESS THAN TEN STEPS.
 IF MORE STEPS ARE REQUIRED, DIVIDE THE JOB
INTO TWO SEGMENTS, EACH WITH ITS SEPARATE
JSA.
 CORRECT SEQUENCE MUST BE FOLLOWED.
 MAKE NOTES ABOUT WHAT IS DONE RATHER THAN
HOW IT IS DONE.
 EACH ITEM IS STARTED WITH AN ACTION 'VERB'.
 THIS PART OF THE ANALYSIS IS USUALLY PREPARED
BY KNOWING OR WATCHING A WORKER DO THE JOB.
3.8 JSA

 OBSERVER IS NORMALLY THE IMMEDIATE ENGINEER.

 THOROUGH ANALYSIS BY A MEMBER OF ‘CFT(SAFETY )
 JOB OBSERVER SHOULD BE EXPERIENCED AND CAPABLE
IN ALL PARTS OF THE JOB.
 JSA IS NOT AN ATTEMPT TO UNCOVER INDIVIDUAL UNSAFE
ACTS.
 JOB, NOT THE INDIVIDUAL, IS STUDIED IN AN EFFECT TO
MAKE IT SAFER
 JOB SHOULD BE OBSERVED DURING NORMAL TIMES AND
SITUATIONS.
 IF A JOB IS ROUTINELY DONE ONLY AT NIGHT, THE JSA
REVIEW SHOULD ALSO BE DONE AT NIGHT.
 ONLY REGULAR TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT SHOULD BE USED.
 ONLY DIFFERENCE FROM NORMAL OPERATIONS IS THAT
THE WORKER IS BEING OBSERVED.
3.9 JSA
 IDENTIFYING THE POTENTIAL HAZARDS:
 POTENTIAL HAZARDS MUST BE IDENTIFIED AT EACH
STEP BASED ON OBSERVATIONS OF JOB,
KNOWLEDGE OF ACCIDENT AND INJURY CAUSED,
AND PERSONAL EXPERIENCE.
 QUESTIONS USEFUL TO IDENTIFY POTENTIAL
HAZARDS:
 (A) CAN ANY BODY PART GET CAUGHT IN BETWEEN
OBJECTS?(TWO COILS OF ECONOMIZER)
 (B) DO TOOLS, MACHINES OR EQUIPMENT PRESENT
ANY HAZARD?(GRINDING/WELDING/MISSED EARTH)
 (C) HARMFUL CONTACT WITH MOVING
OBJECTS?(GAS CYLINDERS, TURBINE BLADES)
 (D) CAN THE WORKER SLIP, TRIP OR FALL? (FALL TO
SUMPS,LOWER ELEVATIONS)
3.10 JSA
 E) CAN THE WORKER SUFFER STRAIN FROM LIFTING,
PUSHING OR PULLING? (HEAVY WEIGHTS)
 (F) IS THE WORKER EXPOSED TO EXTREME HEAT OR
COLD? (ON LINE WORKING, DRY ICE)
 (G) IS EXCESSIVE NOISE OR VIBRATION A PROBLEM?
(TURBINE HALL)
 (H) IS THERE A DANGER OF FALLING OBJECT?
(BOILER CLINKERS)
 (I) IS LIGHTING A PROBLEM? (CHP CONV GALLERIES)
 (J) IS HARMFUL RADIATION A POSSIBILITY?
(RADIOGRAPHY, BUNKER LEVEL )
 (K) CAN CONTACT BE MADE WITH HOT, TOXIC OR
CAUSTIC SUBSTANCE? (ACID/ALKALI/CHEMICALS)
 (L) ARE THERE DUST FUMES, MISTS OR VAPOUR IN
THE AIR? (SAND BLASTING,COAL DUST,HOT ASH)
3.11 JSA
 DETERMINING PREVENTING MEASURES:
 FINAL STAGE OF JSA IS TO ELIMINATE OR CONTROL THE
HAZARDS
 ACCEPTED MEASURES IN ORDER OF PREFERENCE
 ELIMINATE THE HAZARD
 CHOOSE A DIFFERENT PROCESS (MECHANISATION)
 MODIFY EXISTING PROCESS.(HOISTS FOR AIR PRE HEATERS)
 SUBSTITUTE WITH LESS HAZARDS SUBSTANCES.(CHLORINE DI
OXIDE, ALUMINA BLAST)
 IMPROVE ENVIRONMENT (AIR CONDITIONING/AIR WASHER,
FOGGING)
 MODIFY OR CHANGE EQUIPMENT OR TOOLS.(INFLATORS, SAMPLING
MACHINE)
 CONTAIN THE HAZARD:
 CONTACT MAY BE PREVENTED BY
 USING ENCLOSURES (TURBINE CANOPIES, COUPLING
GUARDS)
 MACHINE GUARDS OR SIMILAR DEVICES
 USE OF CIRCUIT BREAKERS ETC.(ELCBS)
3.12 JSA
 REVISE WORK PROCEDURES: MODIFY STEPS
WHICH ARE HAZARDOUS.(OPENING OF MANHOLES
OF FURNACE)
 CHANGE THE SEQUENCE OF STEPS OR ADD MORE
STEPS
 (MILL COOLING)
 REDUCE THE EXPOSURE: LEAST EFFECTIVE
MEASURE
 ONLY BE USED IF NO OTHER SOLUTION IS
AVAILABLE.
 USE OF SPECIAL PPE MAY BE REQUIRED.
 EMERGENCY FACILITIES SUCH AS EYEWASH
STATION.
 IMPORTANT: IN MEASURES FOR PREVENTION, DO
NOT USE GENERAL STATEMENT
 'BE CAREFUL‘ OR 'USE CAUTION'.
3.13 JSA

SPECIFIC STATEMENTS ON WHAT ACTION/

HOW TO PERFORM ARE PREFERABLE.
 PREVENTIVE MEASURES OPPOSITE TO
EVERY POTENTIAL HAZARD.
 HOW TO MAKE THE INFORMATION
AVAILABLE
 RESULTS MUST BE COMMUNICATED TO ALL
THE WORKERS/ ENGINEERS
 SIDE BY SIDE FORMAT USED IN JSA WORK
SHEET IS NOT AN IDEAL ONE FOR
INSTRUCTION PURPOSE.
 BETTER RESULTS WITH NARRATIVE STYLE
OF COMMUNICATION FORMAT.
3.14 HIRA RISK EVALUATION EXAMPLE
Sl.no activity Freque Impact Inbuilt Sops/o Emerge
ncy control cps ncy
s prepar
edness
1-5 1-5 1-5 1-5 1-5
1 Clearing Once in Burn Nil Yes Only
bottom a injuries/ PPEs
ash day/wee fatal
build up k

5 5 5 1 3

Compan Auto Implem (no

y level protecti entation escape
daily ons level route)

Total risk is multiplication of values at columns

3,4,5,6,7.Max.value may go up to 3125.significant hazard
maybe more than 125
 3.15 JSA
 1.SIMILAR EVALUATION IS DONE IN OHSAS
 2.A NUMBER MAY BE WORKED OUT TO
QUANTIFY THE HAZARD
 3.THIS HELPS IN PRIORITIZATION

 4. THE INSTRUCTIONS/PREVENTIVE
MEASURES MAY BE CONVERTED TO LMIS
 5.LINK WITH SAP AND TAG THEM

 6.RELEASE INSTRUCTION ALONG WITH WOC

 7.INFORMATION TO FACTORY MANAGER AND

OCCUPIER WHILE DEALING SIGNIFICANT
HAZARDS
 8.AUDIT FOR COMPLIANCE.
3.16 CONTROLS

Copyright © 2016 Your Company All Rights Reserved. 17

SOME FEED BACK
 1.COMPLETION OF BALANCE JOBS DURING
RUNNING
 2.COMPLETION OF BALANCE JOBS DURING
SHUT DOWN
 3.JSA IS NOT DONE OBSERVING THE JOB

 4.NOT DONE BY CFT

 5.SYSTEM IS ALREADY DIUTED

 6.COPs CONTAIN JSA

 7.DELAY IN PTWs DUE TO NON

AVAILABILITY OF JSA
 8.SOME PLACES RESPONSIBILITY IS NOT
EFINED
JSA-GROUP EXERCISE
SESSION 6
PTW WORK SHOP
 GROUP1:BFP CATRIDGE REPLACEMENT
 GROUP2:CEP SUCTION STRAINER CLEANING
 GROUP3:MANUAL FLY ASH EVACUATION FROM ESP
 GROUP4:BUS CT REPLACEMENT IN SWITCH YARD
 TASK
 PREPARE JSA
 EXPLORE ELIMINATE,CONTAIN,REDUCTION OF EXPOSURE
 EVALUATE RISK
 MITIGATION
 COMMUNICATION