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All About Pneumonia and How to Treat It Effectively
What is pneumonia?
Pneumonia is an infection in one or both lungs. It can be caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi. Bacterial pneumonia is the
most common type in adults.
Pneumonia causes inflammation in the air sacs in your lungs, which are called alveoli. The alveoli fill with fluid or pus,
making it difficult to breathe.
Read on to learn more about pneumonia and how to treat it.

What are the symptoms of pneumonia?

Pneumonia symptoms can be mild to life-threatening. The most common symptoms of pneumonia can include:
•Coughing that may produce phlegm (mucus)
•fever, sweating, and chills
•shortness of breath
•chest pain
Other symptoms can vary according to the cause and severity of the infection, as well as the age and general health of the
individual.

Symptoms by cause
•Viral pneumonia may start with flu-like symptoms, such as wheezing. A high fever may occur after 12–36 hours.
•Bacterial pneumonia may cause a fever as high as 105°F along with profuse sweating, bluish lips and nails, and confusion.

Symptoms by age
•Children under 5 years of age may have fast breathing.
•Infants may vomit, lack energy, or have trouble drinking or eating.
•Older people may have a lower-than-normal body temperature.
Can pneumonia be prevented?
In many cases, pneumonia can be prevented.

Pneumonia vaccine
The first line of defense against pneumonia is to get vaccinated. Ask your doctor about the two pneumonia vaccines, which
can help protect against bacterial pneumonia. Pneumonia can often be a complication of the flu, so be sure to also get an
annual flu shot.
According to the National Institutes of Health, pneumonia vaccines won’t prevent all cases of the condition. But if you’re
vaccinated, you’re likely to have a milder and shorter illness, and a lower risk of complications.
Two types of pneumonia vaccines are available in the United States. Your doctor can tell you which one might be better for
you.
Prevnar 13: This vaccine is effective against 13 types of pneumococcal bacteria. The Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention (CDC) recommends this vaccine for:
•babies and children under the age of 2
•adults ages 65 years or older
•people between ages 2 and 65 years with chronic conditions that increase their risk of pneumonia
Pneumovax 23: This vaccine is effective against 23 types of pneumococcal bacteria. The CDC recommends it for:
•adults ages 65 years or older
•adults ages 19–64 years who smoke
•people between ages 2 and 65 years with chronic conditions that increase their risk of pneumonia
Other prevention tips
Other prevention tips
-In addition to vaccination, there are other things you can to avoid
pneumonia:

•If you smoke, try to quit. Smoking makes you more susceptible to
respiratory infections, especially pneumonia.

•Wash your hands regularly with soap and water.

•Cover your coughs and sneezes, and dispose of used tissues promptly.

•Maintain a healthy lifestyle to strengthen your immune system. Get

enough rest, eat a healthy diet, and get regular exercise.
REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES
PROVINCE OF ILOILO
Municipality of Miagao
Barangay Baybay Norte
Acute Upper Respiratory Infection
What is acute upper respiratory infection?
Anyone who has ever had a cold knows about acute respiratory infections (URIs). An acute URI is a contagious infection of your upper respiratory tract.
Your upper respiratory tract includes the nose, throat, pharynx, larynx, and bronchi.
Without a doubt, the common cold is the most well-known URI. Other types of URIs include sinusitis, pharyngitis, epiglottitis, and trachea
bronchitis. Influenza, on the other hand, isn’t an URI because it’s a systemic illness.
What causes acute upper respiratory infection?
Both viruses and bacteria can cause acute URIs:
What are the types of acute upper respiratory infection?
The types of URIs refer to the parts of the upper respiratory tract most involved in the infection. In addition to the common cold, there are other types of
URIs:
Sinusitis
Sinusitis- is inflammation of the sinuses.
Epiglottitis
Epiglottitis -is inflammation of the epiglottis, the upper part of your trachea. It protects the airway from foreign particles that could get into the lungs.
Swelling of the epiglottis is dangerous because it can block the flow of air into the trachea.
Laryngitis
Laryngitis-is inflammation of the larynx or voice box.
Bronchitis
Inflammation of the bronchial tubes is bronchitis. The right and left bronchial tubes branch off from the trachea and go to the right and left lungs.
Who is at risk for acute upper respiratory infection?
The common cold is the most common cause of doctor visits in the United States. URIs spread from one
person to another through aerosol droplets and direct hand-to-hand contact. Risk goes up in these situations:

•When someone sick sneezes or coughs without covering their nose and mouth. Droplets containing the
viruses are sprayed into the air.

•When people are in a closed-in area or crowded conditions. People who are in hospitals, institutions, schools,
and day care centers have increased risk because of close contact.

•When you touch your nose or eyes. Infection occurs when the infected secretions come in contact with your
nose or eyes.
•During the fall and winter (September to March), when people are more likely to be inside.
•When humidity is low. Indoor heating favors survival of many viruses that cause URIs.
•If you have a weakened immune system.

What are the symptoms of acute upper respiratory infection?

A runny nose, nasal congestion, sneezing, cough, and sputum production are the hallmark symptoms of URIs.
Symptoms are caused by inflammation of the mucous membranes in the upper respiratory tract. Other
symptoms include:
•Fever
•fatigue
•headache
•pain during swallowing
•wheezing
How is acute upper respiratory infection diagnosed?
Most people with URIs know what they have. They may visit their doctor for relief from symptoms. Most URIs are diagnosed by looking at a
person’s medical history and doing a physical exam. Tests that may be used to diagnose URIs are:
Throat swab. Rapid antigen detection can be used to diagnose group A beta-hemolytic strep quickly.
Lateral neck X-rays. This test may be ordered to rule out epiglottitis if you have difficulty breathing.
Chest X-ray. Your doctor may order this test if they suspect pneumonia.
CT scan. This may be used to diagnose sinusitis.
How is acute upper respiratory infection treated?
URIs are mostly treated for relief of symptoms. Some people benefit from the use of cough suppressants, expectorants, vitamin C, and zinc to reduce
symptoms or shorten the duration. Other treatments include the following:
Nasal decongestants can improve breathing. But the treatment may be less effective with repeated use and can cause rebound nasal congestion.
Steam inhalation and gargling with salt water are a safe way to get relief from URI symptoms.
Analgesics like acetaminophen and NSAIDs can help reduce fever, aches, and pains.
Shop for steam inhalers.
How can acute upper respiratory infections be prevented?
The best protection against URIs is frequent hand washing with soap and water. Washing your hands reduces exposure to secretions that can spread infection.
Here are a few other strategies:
Avoid being in close contact with people who are sick.
Wipe down objects such as remote controls, phones, and doorknobs that may be touched by people in the house who have a URI.
Cover your mouth and nose if you’re the one who is sick.
Stay home if you’re sick.
NAME OF BARANGAY: Bolocaue, Miagao, Iloilo
NAME OF INTERVIEWEE: Vivian N. Mones
BARANGAY GOVERNMENT POSITION: BRGY. KAGAWAD
PNEUMONIA
BIRTHDAY/DATE OF BIRTH: SEPTEMBER 27, 1970
AGE: 48 YEARS OLD

What is the most common communicable disease here in

our barangay? Why?
Answer: The most common communicable disease in our barangay is Pneumonia. It is the most common disease in our
barangay because of the climate and weather and of course, cigarettes and smoking. The most number of people who is
suffering Pneumonia are the male farmers which are caused by changing of climate just like in the morning it is very cold
but at noontime it turns to very hot and cigarette smoking which is part of daily habit.
What are the symptoms of Pneumonia?
Answer: the common symptoms of Pneumonia are cough, high fever, and there is something that you can hear when
breathing.
What are the best ways for the treatment?
Answer: the best ways to treat pneumonia is to take medicines and antibiotics as early as possible and if it is already
severe, hospitalization is needed.
• Brgy. Nalundan Guimbal, Iloilo TUBERCULOSIS
What is the most common communicable disease here in our barangay?
- The most common communicable disease in our barangay is Tuberculosis (TB). TB is a highly
contagious disease caused by mycobacterium bacilli. Its risk factors are those Children 15 years old
and below, Senior Citizens, and in a highly populated places. It is the common disease here in our
barangay because most of the people in the populated area are smokers and they are not health
conscious.
What are the symptoms of TB?
- cough for 2 weeks or more, back pain/ chest pain , afternoon fever/night sweat, poor appetite/lost of weight.
What is its prevention?
1.SELF PROTECTION/PROPER PERSONALHYGIEN
2. ENVIRONMENTAL SANITATION
3. SEEK EARLY CONSULTATION
4. IMMUNIZATION
by: Kristine Joy Gayatao
PUBLIC HEALTH NURSE
BRGY. NALUNDAN HEALTH CENTER
INTERVIEWER: EUMIE NICOLE GARFERIO
Kurt Magbanua
Common Communicable disease in our barangay Fever
Due to the changing of climate and hot temperature
Treatment is higher THAN NORMAL BODY TEMPERATURE and is a part
of our bodies natural response to infection. There are ways to treat
fevers at home , but a fever that goes over 102 degrees Fahrenheit is a
cause for concern.
They want me to rest and to drink medicine given to the doctor’s
prescription