Etana
• Pada molekul yang mengandung lebih banyak atom karbon,
setiap kelompok karbon yang terikat dengan empat atom lainnya
memiliki bentuk tetrahedral
• Ikatan Rangkap
CH3CH2CH2CH3 Butana 0
Contoh :
• Butana (C4H10) memiliki 2 isomer
• C8H18 mempunyai 18 isomer
• C20H42 memiliki 366.319 isomer
2-butena
Asam Fumarat
Asam Maleat
trans-retinal
• Contoh :
L-gliseraldehida D-gliseraldehida
• Jumlah dan pengaturan gugus fungsi membantu memberikan sifat yang unik
pada masing-masing molekul
• Organic molecules
that contain
carbon, hydrogen
and oxygen.
– CnH2n0n.
• Monosaccharides =
simple sugars.
– Structural isomers:
• Glucose, fructose, Glucose Fructose
galactose
(a) Starch
glycogen Glycogen
(repeating Granules
In muscle
glucose joined
tissue
glucose joined),
cellulose (c) Cellulose
(thousands of
glucose joined)
Jurusan Kimia FMIPA Universitas Samudra
Carbohydrates
• Organic molecules are built by dehydration
synthesis:
C6H12O6 + C6H12O6 C12H22O11 + H2O
Glucose Glucose
Maltose
A triglyceride
Cholesterol
Side
group
(a)
Side
groups
Leucine Serine
(hydrophobic) (hydrophobic)
Hydrogen bond
Pleated sheet
Polypeptide
Amino acid (single subunit)
Complete
Hydrogen bond protein,
with four
polypeptide
Alpha helix subunits
(d) Quaternary
structure
Thymine (T)
Phosphate
group
Sugar
(deoxyribose)
Phosphate
Base
Sugar