RESEARCH ON REPORT

COURSE INSTRUCTOR ;

MAM SAMAR RUBAB💫

Presented By:
78 BUSHRA ABBAS
54 RIMSHA YOUNES
107 NOSHABA NASIR
86 HAFSA NOOR
85 ASAD MOOSAD
62 ZESHAN JAHANGIR ( GRP-L)
 OVERVIEW
 Report and its Importance
 Report Writing
 Classification of Reports
 Tips For Effective Report Writing
 Who writes and reads Reports
 Purpose of Report Writing
 What is a Report?

 Management tool for effective decision making.

 Detailed examination of a situation or problem, of action taken, or

of the findings of an investigation.

 Written in a clear, informative way.

 Often drawing conclusions, making recommendations.

 Orderly and objective communication of factual information that

serves a business purpose.
 REPORT WRITING

 Importance of Report writing:

Report writing is central to:

 Decision making

 Progress reporting

 Root cause analysis

 Problem solving

 MIS

 Report writing can be done by an individual or by a team.

 WRITING A REPORT

Assembling material Planning the Report

Editing the Report Drafting the Report

Classification of Reports

REPORTS

Informational Analytical
Report Report
 Informational Report

 Intended to explain something or educate readers.

 Focus on data and facts without analysis or
recommendations.
 Informational Reports include those for monitoring and
controlling operations, progress reports and compliance
reports.
 E.g. Annual Report prepared by the company secretary for
presentation at Annual General Meeting.

Classification of Reports
 Analytical Report
 Designed to convince audience that the conclusions and
recommendations developed are valid.

 Body of the report presents all the facts and ends by presenting a
decision or a solution to a problem.

 E.g. Technical Reports

Classification of Reports
 TIPS FOR EFFECTIVE REPORT WRITING

While writing a Report, some useful tips are as under:

 Simple words and Short Paragraphs

 Avoid adverb and adjectives

 Avoid emphatic words like very, highly, extremely

 Be specific and precise

 Never exaggerate

 Write to inform and not to impress

 PURPOSE OF REPORT WRITING

1. Informing

2. Analyzing 3. Recommending
 INFORMING

 Facts and events surrounding a particular situation.

 No attempt is made to analyze or interpret the data or to

draw conclusions or recommend a course of action.

 Main interest lies in providing all relevant information,

objectively and accurately.

Purpose of Report Writing

 ANALYZING

 Data in itself is meaningless, so should be played with to

serve the purpose.

 Interpret data as per the requirement of problem.

 It involves going into depth of problem, understanding it

and coming out with some solutions.

Purpose of Report Writing

 STEPS INVOLVED IN REPORT WRITING

 Planning

 Data gathering

 Organizing

 Analyzing

 Drafting
 PLANNING

Define the purpose of report ----

 Determine why issue is important

 What use of report will be made?

 Decide purpose of report and know constraints.

Define the audience for report---

 Whether it is for internal or external reader.

 Level of interest and knowledge of reader.

Steps Involved in Report Writing

 PARTS OF FORMAL REPORTS

A Report is divided in three sections:

Preliminary Section

Body of the Report

Supplementary Section
PRESENTATION OF A REPORT
 After the collection of data for the report
comes the stage of presentation of the data in
the report. This stage is one of the most
important stage in report writing and
presentation thereof as however good the
data may be if it is not presented correctly
and the hardwork put in collecting the data
may go in vain.
 LOOKING GOOD

 Use pleasant colored background

 Different color font for titles, headings and body text.
 Font size for titles, headings and body text must be
different.
 Appropriate diagrams must be used at proper place

Presentation of Reports
 VARIOUS EXAMPLES OF REPORTS

 Annual Reports
 Audit Reports
 Feasibility Reports
 Sales Reports
 Progress Reports
 Directors Reports
 Case Studies
 CASE STUDIES

 Case study refers to the collection and presentation of detailed

information about a particular participant or small group, frequently
including the accounts of subjects themselves.

 A form of qualitative descriptive research, the case study looks intensely

at an individual or small participant pool, drawing conclusions only
about that participant or group and only in that specific context.

 Researchers do not focus on the discovery of a universal, generalizable

truth, nor do they typically look for cause-effect relationships; instead,
emphasis is placed on exploration and description.

Various Examples of Reports

END 🎉
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