CE 423 : GEO-TECHNICAL

ENGINEERING 2
(Foundation Engineering)
GROUP 6 PRESENTORS:
• MANIALA, AMINAH S.
• SANDEK, HAGUIARAH
LABORATORY 6:

APPLICATION OF
GEOTECHNICAL
ENGINEERING SOFTWARE
INTRODUCTION

• Software plays a central role in almost all aspects of daily life. It can be
defined as the instructions, which provide functionality of the program that
requires performing a specific type of data processing in a professional
manner to accomplish a task.
• Computer software, or simply software, is a collection of data or computer
instructions that tell the computer how to work. This is in contrast to
physical hardware, from which the system is built and actually performs the
work. In computer science and software engineering, computer software is
all information processed by computer system, programs and data.
• Recently, many software developer companies are available in the
international markets such as: Autodesk, Inc., Bentley Systems, S-FRAME
Software Inc., GEO-SLOPE International Ltd., SoilVision Systems Ltd. etc.
• The applications of civil engineering software can be applied for many
essential work like designing huge structures (for example: factories,
bridges, highway systems, water treatment plants, energy efficient
buildings, etc)
 OBJECTIVES
• The use of geotechnical programs in general, allows testing the structure or
infrastructure for the project even within complicated conditions. This would facilitate
the process of maintenance and repair of mistakes during or after the establishment of
the project. Civil, structural and environmental engineers as well as urban planners and
architects may use these software for a structure site planning or a public works project
in a specific location.
• Geotechnical software is defined as software designed especially in order to deal with
geotechnical issues such as slope stability, seismic analysis, foundations, e.t.c.
• For that, geotechnical software considered as an effective tool that can be utilized to
develop practical scheme for various projects, taking into account the manpower and
time.
Equipment/Apparatus

 COMPUTER
 SOFTWARE PACKAGE ON GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING
 PRINTER OR PLOTTER
COMPUTER
 COMPUTER

• A computer is a machine or device that performs processes, calculations and

operations based on instructions provided by a software or hardware program. It is
designed to execute applications and provides a variety of solutions by combining
integrated hardware and software components.
• A computer works with software programs that are sent to its underlying hardware
architecture for reading, interpretation and execution. Computers are classified
according to computing power, capacity, size, mobility and other factors, as personal
computers (PC), desktop computers, laptop computers, minicomputers, handheld
computers and devices, mainframes or supercomputers.
Desktop computers

Desktop computers are

designed to be placed on
a desk, and they're
typically made up of a
few different parts,
including the computer
case, monitor, keyboard,
and mouse.
 Laptop computers

Laptop computer, commonly

called a laptop. Laptops are
battery-powered computers
that are more portable than
desktops, allowing you to
use them almost anywhere.
Tablet computers

Tablet computers—
or tablets—are handheld
computers that are even
more portable than laptops.
Instead of a keyboard and
mouse, tablets use a touch-
sensitive screen for typing
and navigation.
Servers

A server is a
computer that serves
up information to
other computers on a
network.
 Macs

The Macintosh computer was

introduced in 1984, and it was the
first widely sold personal computer
with a graphical user interface,
or GUI (pronounced gooey).
All Macs are made by one company
(Apple), and they almost always use
the Mac OS X operating system.
Who Invented the Computer?
We could argue that the first computer
was the abacus or its descendant, the
slide rule, invented by William Oughtred
in 1622. But the first computer
resembling today's modern machines
was the Analytical Engine, a device
conceived and designed by British
mathematician Charles Babbage
between 1833 and 1871. Before
Babbage came along, a "computer" was a Charles Babbage created the
concept of a programmable
person, someone who literally sat computer
around all day, adding and subtracting
numbers and entering the results into
tables.
SOFTWARE PACKAGE ON
GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING
 (Software by PLAXIS -
PLAXIS Essential for geotechnical
professionals.)

• PLAXIS is two-dimensional geotechnical software which has been developed specifically

for the analysis of deformation behavior of soils and stability in geotechnical
engineering project such as excavations, soil reinforcement, foundations, dikes, tunnels,
slopes and embankments. The simple graphical input procedures enable a quick
generation of complex finite element models, while the enhanced output facilities
provide a detailed presentation of computational results
• PLAXIS 3D was released in 2010 that is considered as a flexible 3D tool for geotechnical
engineers, who are not necessarily numerical specialists, to perform practical analysis.
• PLAXIS has been processed with features to handle various aspects of complicated
geotechnical structures and construction processes by designing a powerful and
theoretically sound computational proceeding.
These features as summarized by PLAXIS bv are:

• User friendly 3D geotechnical software,

• Flexible and interoperable geometry,
• Realistic simulation of construction stages,
• Robust and reliable calculation kernel,
• Comprehensive and detailed post-processing,
• Logical geotechnical workflow,
• Easy-to-use graphical user interface,
• Borehole wizard for soil modeling and
• Real 3D interaction.
PLAXIS 2D PICTURES:
PLAXIS 3D PICTURES:
GEO5 Geotechnical
Software
• User-friendly interface, simple and powerful software relies on traditional
analytical methods and Finite Element Methods (FEM). Contains of a package
of individual programs used for a different geotechnical problems; excavation
design, stability analysis, retaining wall design, foundation design, soil
settlement analysis, digital terrain model and analysis of advanced geotechnical
tasks (FEM).
• It can be used for Excavation design, Shallow foundation and deep foundation
design, stability analysis, settlement analysis and for various other field tests.
GEOSTRU (Software by Geotechnical Engineering
Software - GEO-SLOPE International
Ltd.)

• This software for engineering, geotechnics, geology, geo-mechanics, hydrology and

soil testing, it is used in more than 50 countries worldwide.
• GEOSTRU software is among the most successful software worldwide – highly
advanced software products and services in the following fields: civil
engineering, geotechnical and geology, geo-mechanics, geophysics, in situ soil testing,
hydrology and hydraulics, topography.
• The software is characterized by an intuitive interface and face every single geological
problem in 2D-3D environment.
• The software GEOSTRU is very easy to use, each software solves a specific problem,
reducing the input data to the strictly necessary.
GEOSTRU: the leading software to perform
calculations for:
• Foundations,
• Settlements,
• Bearing capacity,
• Slopes,
• Sheet piles,
• Bulkheads,
• Tunnels,
• Net flow,
• Consolidation
ACCECALC (Software by geo&soft international )
Italy

• The program analyses the behavior of the rock slopes under seismic conditions. It
evaluates the displacements of a rock block subject to dynamic forces, on the basis
of a given accelerogram.
• The use of a calculation method based on a given accelerogram for rock slope
stability analysis allows one to take into account the duration and the intensity of
the accelerogram itself (this not being the case with the normally used limit
equilibrium methods).
• This allows a more realistic estimation of the effects of a seismic event on a
potentially unstable rock block.
• The program requires the shape of the rock
slope face, the geo-mechanical parameters of
the rock mass, the shape of the sliding surface
and, as an option, of the water table.
• In order to create a synthetic accelerogram,
one should define the duration and maximum
value of the foreseen seismic acceleration, the
number of waves and their characteristic
period. A recorded real accelerogram can also
be used.
AllPile (Software by Civiltech, Inc )
USA, California

• AllPile is a Windows-based analysis program that handles virtually all types of piles,
including steel pipes, H-piles, pre-cast concrete piles, auger-cast piles, drilled shafts,
timber piles, jetted piles, tapered piles, piers with bell, micro piles (mini piles), uplift
anchors, uplift plate, and shallow foundations.
• One of the major advantages AllPile has over other pile software is that it combines
most pile analyses in a single program. It calculates compression (with settlement),
uplift, lateral capacity, and group analysis all together. Users only need to input the
data once instead of several times in different programs. AllPile makes pile analysis
easy, economical and time-efficient.
• AllPile is suitable for all engineers,
even those without too much pile
analysis experience. It helps
structural engineers choose soil
parameters, and geotechnical
engineers choose pile properties.
AllPile is a must-have tool for
structural, geotechnical, and
construction engineers.
PDisp - Soil Displacement
Analysis Software
• Pdisp is the ideal analysis tool for soil displacement analysis and soil
settlement calculations. The software allows users to pick a linear or
non-linear method of consolidation, as well as specifying soil layers.
Add loads in various situations, either horizontal or vertical.
• Linear method of consolidation, as well as specifying soil layers. Add
loads in various situations, either horizontal or vertical.
Soil settlement calculations & displacement
analysis

• This software program predicts displacements in a soil mass due to vertical

and horizontal loading and unloading, showing the likely settlement pattern
beneath and beyond the loaded area.
• PDisp’s 3D graphical output view clearly shows the settlement and a simple
interface allows you to switch easily between graphical views, input data and
tabular data. As our GSA suite links to PDisp, engineers can analyse the soil’s
interaction as part of a BIM workflow with raft structures like basement
slabs and pile caps. Furthermore, PDisp connect to Xdisp so Building and
Utility Damage Assessments can be undertaken.
 How Pdisp Works

• Inputs: The ground is represented as a series of elastic soil profiles, where the only
soil properties required are Poisson’s Ratio and Young’s Modulus. These are
located in plan by using designated areas known as soil zones. Pressures are
applied vertically and/or horizontally and uniformly distributed loads can be
applied in any shape. Displacements can be calculated both beneath and adjacent
to the applied loads. The program allows for tabular and graphical input options.
• Analysis: PDisp calculates the displacements and stresses within a linear elastic or
non-linear soil mass. These are the stresses that result from uniform, normal or
tangential pressure being applied to rectangular and circular loaded planes. Both
Mindlin and Boussinesq methods are provided.
• When calculating stress changes within the soil, the program assumes the
soil is an elastic half-space. It uses individual layer properties to calculate
the vertical strain and the displacements resulting from these stresses.
Oasys PDisp software predicts displacements due to both vertical and
horizontal loads.
• If combined with Oasys Xdisp you can carry out building and utility damage
assessments on existing structures using PDisp results.
• Outputs: Full exportable tabular and graphical outputs are available.
Interactive 3D graphical outputs are ideal for client presentations.
Key Features & Benefits

• Simulation of multiple loads in three dimensions

• Familiar computation techniques make input quick and easy, and offers
a range of analysis methods
• Easy to model irregular shape loads with wizard
• A range of output capabilities, including 3D graphics, line graphs and
colorful graphics allow users to extract the results they need to present
results quickly, easily and efficiently
 Software
Ce.Ca.P. by geo&soft
international

• Ce.Ca.P. is a complete package for the analysis and design of foundations; because of its
completeness, flexibility ad user-friendliness it is a fundamental instrument for any kind
of geotechnical project.
• To calculate the bearing capacity of foundations, the following methods can be used:
Terzaghi, Meyerhof, Hansen and Vesic. Such methods are based on different hypotheses
regarding failure modes, and it is therefore interesting to compare the different results.
• Normally, the allowable bearing pressure is determined for a given shape (square,
rectangular, circular or strip) and stratigraphy.
• The safety factor under effective load conditions is determined as the ratio between the
ultimate bearing pressure and the effective vertical stress.
• It is possible to determine the settlement of foundations that result from normal loads
and from moments.
• The calculation is performed at the most significant points and the rotations due to
differential settlement are therefore determined also.
• The settlement can be determined for square, rectangular, circular or strip foundations.
• The use of numerical methods allows one to determine immediate elastic deformation and
the long term effects of consolidation separately. The program allows one to group together
several described individually foundations and to evaluate the effect of the overloads
induced by surrounding foundations.
• This option allows one to analyze more complex cases, like the influence of the neighboring
foundations, foundations of any geometry and foundations on heterogeneous materials.
Due to the flexibility of the numerical approach, it is possible to perform the calculations
with the most frequently used theories (Boussinesq, Terzaghi or Skempton).
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