Painting

PAINTING
• Painting is the art of applying pigments to
a surface to present a picture of the
subject
• It can also be defined as action of creating
such an artwork
 TYPES OF PAINTING
ACCORDING TO SIZE
• Miniatures
• Easel Paintings
• Mural Paintings
 Miniatures
– are very small paintings
– it must not be larger than 25 square inches and
the subject must be painted no more than
one-sixth of its actual size
Miniatures
Title
 Easel Paintings
• are portable and medium in size
• this painting executed on a portable
support such as a panel or canvas,
instead on a wall
Easel Paintings
 Mural Paintings
• are paintings that are usually painted on
walls or other large surfaces such as big
canvasses and ceilings
Mural Paintings
 MEDIUMS OF
PAINTINGS
• Oil
• Fresco
• Water Color
• Tempera
• Pastel
• Acrylic
• Encaustic
 Oil
• oil painting is done with the use of ground
pigments (from minerals, coal tar,
vegetable matter, etc.) mixed with linseed
oil and turpentine or thinner
• many painters prefer oil as a medium
because oil painting are long-lasting, slow
in drying, easy to handle and manipulate
texturally, and capable in being corrected
Oil
Oil
 TWO METHODS OF OIL
PAINTING
• Direct Method
– the paints are opaque and once they are
applied on the surface, they dry up and give
the finish product its final appearance
• Indirect Method
– the paints are transparent and they are
applied in many thin layers or coatings
 Fresco
• fresco (Italian for fresh) painting is done with the
use of earth pigments mixed with water and
applied to fresh plaster or glue which attaches
the color to the surface like a wall
• the biggest advantage of fresco paintings is their
durability
• fresco is an exacting medium because it is quick
to dry so that painter must be a fast worker and
it is difficult to correct
Fresco
Fresco
 Water Color
• water color painting is done with the use of
pigments mixed with water and applied to
fine white paper or very thin layers
Water Color
Water Color
 Tempera
• tempera painting is done with the use of
ground pigments mixed with an
albuminous or colloidal vehicle (egg yolk,
gum, glue, or casein)
• it is usually done on a wooden panel that
has been made smooth with a coating
plaster
Tempera
Tempera
 Pastel
• pastel painting is done with the use of
pastel colors closely resembling dry
pigments bound to form crayons, which
are directly applied to the surface, often
times paper
Pastel
Pastel
 Acrylic
• acrylic painting is done with use of
synthetic paints called acrylics mixed with
a vehicle capable of being thinned with
water
• it is the newest and most used by painters
nowadays
• acrylic paint possesses the flexibility of oil
and the transparency and the fast-drying
ability of watercolor
Acrylic
Acrylic
 Encaustic
• encaustic painting is done with the use of
hot wax as a vehicle to bind pigments to a
wooden panel or wall
• encaustic is not a popular medium among
painters because it is difficult to
manipulate
Encaustic
Encaustic
 PAINTING SUBJECTS
• Portraiture
• Animals and Plants
• Still Life
• Country Life
• Landscape
• Seascape
• City Scape
• Event
• Religious Items
 Portraiture
• portraits are picture of men and women
singly or collectively
• before the camera invented, there was no
other means to know the face of a person,
most especially a dead one, but through a
portrait
Portraiture
 Animals and Plants
• in the early stages of men’s development
(hunting and food-gathering), this first encounter
were with animals and plants. Because of this
constant contact with and their interest in these
living organism, it was inevitable for them to
paint these things they needed to survive
• some of painters prefer animals and plants,
specially flowering plants as subject for their
paintings
Animals and Plants
 Still Life
• still life is the painting of an inanimate object or a
non-living thing placed on a table or another
setting
• a basket of fruits, a bag of groceries, a pack of
cigarettes, a bunch of flowers, and a bucket of
chicken are examples of still life
• the goodness of having a still life as a subject is
its availability and capability to be organized
Still Life
 City Life
• painters living in the countryside have
access to scenes happening daily in their
community
• local events such as barrio fiesta, a
bountiful rice harvest, a big catch of fishes,
and a natural calamity are exciting painting
subjects
City Life
 Landscape
• any of the land forms can be subject of a
landscape painting
• this land forms include the volcano , the
mountain, the hill, the valley, and the cliff,
etc.
Landscape
 Seascape
• any of the water forms can be the subject
of a seascape painting
• these water forms include the ocean the
sea, the river, the lake, the brook, the
pond, and the falls, etc.
Seascape
 Cityscape
• an aerial view of city or a portion of it can
be the subject of a cityscape painting
Cityscape
 Event
• events are among the favorite subjects of
painters
Event
 Religious Items
• religious items such as the Holy Family,
Madonna and Child, Jesus Christ, angels,
saints, and religious objects are as
commonly used subjects today as they
were during the medieval and renaissance
Periods
Religious Items
 Tools in Painting
• Brush - used to have a variety of strokes
• Palette - contains or holds the painting
medium
• Palette knife or spatula - used to mix
colors on the palette, and sometimes to
add colors and to scrape or remove colors
from the painting surface
• Easel - frame that supports the painting
 Tools
Toolsin Painting
in Painting

Brush Pallete

Spatula Easel
 History of Painting
• Prehistoric Period
– Spans al cultures and dates back to the time
of the prehistoric men who produced their
own artifacts
– Ancient Egyptians created paintings to make
the burial site, like the pyramid for the dead
pharaoh.
History of Painting

Grotte Vhauvet
History of Painting

Antelope painting in Altamira, Spain

 History of Painting
• Greek Period
– Ancient Greece had great painters whow ere
then regarded as manual laborers
– Found in pottery and ceramics that gave a
glimpse of the way of life of ancient Greeks
History of Painting

Vatican Amphora by Exekias

 History of Painting
• Roman Period
– Influenced by ancient Greek paintings,
exhibits important characteristics of its own
– Evident in the only surviving Roman paintings,
 History of Painting

Wall Painting in Pompeii, Herculaneum Second Style Wall painting from a Villa in
Italy
 History of Painting
• Medieval Period
– The Middle Ages saw the rise of Christianity,
which brought about a diffirent spirit and aim
to painting styles
– Placed a great emphasis on retaining
traiditional iconography and style.
History of Painting

Maestà of Duccio
 History of Painting
• Rennaisance Period (14th to mid-17th
century)
– Golden age of painting
– Reflected the revolution of ideas and science
 History of Painting

School of Athens by Raphael The Last Supper by Leonardo Da Vinci

 History of Painting

The Creation of Adam by Michelangelo

Buonarroti

Mona Lisa by Leonardo da Vinci

 History of Painting
• Baroque Period (1600-17th century)
– Produced paintings with dramatic light and
shade violent composition, and exaggerated
emotion
 History of Painting

The Flagellation of Christ by Caravaggio

Alethea Talbot with her Husband by Peter Paul Rubens Infanta Margarita Teresa in a Pink Dress by Diego
Velazquez
 History of Painting
• Classic Period (18th Century)
– Emerged an art style that revived the
Classical art of Greece and Rome in painting,
sculpture, and architecture
– Any art that baed on caregully organized
arrangement of parts, with special emphasis
on balance and proportion
 History
Historyof Painting
of Painting

Crossing the Alps by Jacques Louis David Aurora and Cephalus by Pierre-Narcisse Guerin

Portrait of the Empress Josephine by Francois Gerard

 History of Painting
• Rococo Period
– Followed the Baroque period

The Stolen Kiss by Fragonard

 History of Painting
• Romantic Period
– Shifted attention toward lanscape and nature,
as well as the human figure and the
supremacy of natural order above mankind’s
will
– The word “romance” in art refers to strong
emotions associated with an art style that was
prevalent at the dawn of the 19th century
 History of Painting

The Desperate Man by Gustave Courbet

Wanderer Above the Sea of Fog by Caspar
David Friedrich
 History of Painting
• Realist and Naturalist Period (late 1800’s)
– Paintings based in varying personal styles and were
linked maninly by the rejection of Impressionism.
– Painters are called Post-Impressionists, divided into
three groups:
• Expressionists – most interested in personal expression
• Formalist – most concerned with composition and structure
• Realists and naturalists – used light, shade, color and
perspective to reproduce as closely as possible the
appearance of objects in nature
 History of Painting

The Stone Breakers by Gustave Courbet

The Scream by Edward Munch

The Gardener by Paul Cezanne
 History
Historyof Painting
of Painting
• Impressionist Period
– Painters developed a painting style that tried
to capture the quality of light as it plays across
landscapes and figures
– Used small strokes of contrasting color next to
each other to create the illusion of vibrating
light
 History
Historyof Painting
of Painting

Starry Night by Vincent Van Gogh

Sunflowers by Vincent Van Gogh
The Dance Class by Edgar Degas
 History of Painting
• Modern Period
– Avante-garde artists experimented on new
styles of formalist painting and such
experimentation led to the birth of Cubism,
Futurism, De Stiijl, and Suprematism
• Cubism – world-renowned works
• Suprematism – geometric, nonrepresentational art
style
 History of Painting

Flight of an Airplane by Olga Rozanova

Portrait of Picasso by Juan Gris

Alcuaz, Federico Aguilar (June 6, 1932 – February
2, 2011)

– was a 20th-century Filipino painter known for his Cubist-inspired paintings. Most
often depicting nude women, interiors, still lifes, and landscapes, Alcuaz’s work is
characterized by its soft blurred edges coupled with bold lines and shapes.
– He is known mainly for his gestural paintings in acrylic and oil, as well as
sketches in ink, watercolor and pencil.
– National Artist for Visual Arts, Painting, Sculpture and Mixed Media in 2009.
– He has held exhibits at leading galleries in the Philippines, Spain, Portugal,
Singapore, United States, Germany and Poland.
– Among his numerous awards are the first prize at the Premio Moncada (1957)
and the Prix Francisco Goya (1958) in Barcelona.
 Famous Work

oil on canvas 1979 oil on canvas 1982 Oil on canvas 1978

Amorsolo, Fernando C. (May 30, 1892-April 24,
1972)
• Country’s first National Artist
He is known as “Grand Old Man of
Philippine Art”
• He is considered as important artist in the
history of painting in the Philippines and
regarded as the Father of Philippine
Realism for his numerous realistic
paintings.
 Dalagang Bukid” (1936)
“Bombing of the Intendencia” (1942) “The burning of manila (1946)”
 Cabrera, Benedicto R. “Bencab” (April
10, 1942)

• National Artist of the Philippines for Visual Arts (Painting)

in 2006.
• Noted for being “arguably the best-selling painter of his
generation of Filipino artist.
• He received numerous awards, among which were
Gawad CCP Para sa Sining (Cultural Center of the
Philippines Award for the Artist) in 1992 and the honorary
degree of Doctor of Humanities from the University of the
Philippines in 2009
• He produced outstanding works such as “Bali”,
“Cordillera”, “Edo”, “Familia”, “Larawan”, and “Sabel”.
Famous Work

La Familia Sabel
Domingo, Damian (1796-1834)
• First Filipino painter who specialized in secular pinting.
• He portrayed non-religious themes on canvas and
excelled in miniature painting.
• He was considered a forerunner of the Filipino
Movement for racial equality and the foremost Filpino
painter of the early 19th century.
• Among a few of his works which survive to prove his
mettle in the visual arts are “Nuestra Senora del Rosario”
“Catedra de San Pedro Roma” (“ The Seat of Saint
Peter”), “La Sagrada Familia” (The Holy Family) and “La
Imaculada Conception” (The Immaculate Conception).
 Famous Work

Nuestra Senora del Rosario The Immaculate Conception La Sagrada Familia

 Edades, Victorio C. (December 13,
1895- March 7, 1985)

• National Artist of the Philippines for Visual Arts

(Painting) in 1976.
• Filipino painter who led the revolutionary
“Thirteen Moderns”.
• Known as the Father of Modern Philippine
Painting.
• Most of his painting portrayed the hardship of
the working class.
• His works includes: “The Sketch”, “The
Builders”, “Interaction”, and “Kasaysayan”.
 Famous Work

“The Builders”

The Sketch Interaction

 Francisco, Carlos V.
“Botong” (November 4, 1914-March 31, 1969)
• National Artist of the Philippines for Visual
Arts (Painting) in 1973.
• He is a muralist from Angono, Rizal. Best
known for his historical pieces.
• Some of his great works includes: “Blood
Compact”, “First Mass at Limasawa”, “The
Matyrdom of Rizal”, “Bayanihan” and
“Magpupukot”
 Famous Work

Blood Compact

The Matyrdom of Rizal Magpupukot

Hidalgo, Felix Resurrection (February
21, 1853- March 13, 1913)

• contemporary of Juan Luna who placed second in an

international art eposition in Madrid, winning a silver
medal for his painting “Las Virgines Christianas
Expuertas al Populacho” (The Christian Virgins Exposed
to the Populace”.
• He mastered the art of getured paintings. Named
National Artist in Visual Arts in 2003.
• He produced the following works: “Barter of
Panay”(1948), “Christ Stripped of his Clothes”,
“Granadean Arabesque”, “Biennial”, “Dimension of Fear”,
“Vista Beyond Vision”, “Torogan” and “Playground of the
Mind”.
Famous Work

Las Virgines Christianas Expuertas al

Populacho
 Legaspi, Cesar (April 2, 1917-
April 7, 1994)
• National Artist of the Philippines for Visual Arts
(Painting).
• He served as an art director before he went full-time in
his visual art practice in 1960s.
• His early works together with his peer Hernando
Ocampo, depicted anguish and dehumanization of
beggars and laborers in Manila. These includes “Man
and Woman” and “Gadgets”.
• His works show “cubism’s unfeeling geometric ordering
of figures into a social expressionism rendered by
interacting forms filled with rhythmic movement.
 Famous Work

The Man And Woman Gadgets

Luna, Juan (October 23, 1857-December 7,
1899)

• A native of Badoc, Ilocos Norte. He studied in Manila at

the Ateneo de Manila then at the Academia de Dibujo y
Pintura, and later in Madrid, Spain at the Escuela de
Bellas Artes.
• He won the gold medal for “The Death of Cleopatra”.
However, his best known work was the “Spolarium”.
• He also did “The Blood Compact”, “Ang Espanya sa
Pilipinas”, “Ang Aliping Bulag”, “Ang Tagumpay ni Lapu-
lapu”, “Ang Laban sa Lepanto” and “Ang Mestiza”.
 Famous Work
•

Spolarium The Death of Cleopatra

 Magsaysay-Ho Anita C.
(May 25, 1914)

• Was a student of UP School of Fine Arts under

Fernando and Pablo Amorsolo.
• The Art Association of the Philippines awarded
her first prize for her works “The Cooks” in 1952
and “Two Women” in 1960.
• She won the people’s admiration for her Neo-
Realist pieces rendered in egg tempera: “Fish
Vendors”, “Fruit Vendors”, “Mending the Nets”
and “Trio”.
 Famous Work

The Fish Vendor The Fruit Vendor

 Buonarroti, Michelangelo Di
Lodovico
• (March 5, 1475 – February 18, 1564)
• painter, sculptor, architect, poet and
engineer
• “Renaissance Man”
Famous Works

Sistine Chapel Ceiling

The Creation of Man

 Da Vinci, Leonardo
• (April 15, 1452 – May 2, 1519)
• Italian polymath, scientist, mathematician,
engineer, inventor, anatomist, painter,
sculptor, architect, botanist, musician, and
writer
• Archetype of the “Renaissance Man”
• Works:
 Famous Works
Famous Works

The Annunciation

Mona Lisa

The Last Supper

 Degas, Edgar
• (July 19, 1834 – September 27, 1917)
• French impressionistic painter
• Used pastel (to combine drawing and
color)
 Famous Works

Race Horses

The Ballet Girl Fixing Her Slipper

 Goya, Francisco
Jose De
• (March 30, 1746 – April 16, 1828)
• Court painter, printmaker, and chronicler of
history
• Last of the Old Masters and as the First of
the Moderns
 Famous Work
Famous Works

Blind Guitarist

Self-Portrait
 Kandinsky, Wassily
• (December 4, 1866 – December 13, 1944)
• Russian painter, printmaker, art theorist
• One of the Most Famous 20th Century
Artist
 Famous Works

A Conglomerate At Rest
 Manet, Edouard
• (1832 – 1883)
• Realist
• Inspired by the work of Giorgione entitled
“Open-Air Concert”
 Famous Works

Luncheon on the Grass

Olympia
 Matisse, Henri
• (December 31, 1869 – November 3, 1954)
• French painter, sculptor, printmaker and
draftsman
• Considered as one of the best-known 20th
century artist
• Initially labelled as Fauve (wild beast)
• Upholder of the classical tradition in
French painting
 Famous Works

Notre-Dame
The Open Window
 Monet, Claude
• (November 14, 1840 – December 5, 1926)
• Founder of French impressionist painting
• Most Consistent and Prolific Practitioner of
the movements’ philosophy of expressing
one’s perceptions before nature
 Famous Works

The Seine at Port-Villez

Bathers at La Grenouillere
 Munch, Edward
• ( December 12, 1863 – January 23, 1944)\
• Norwegian symbolist painter, printmaker
and important forerunner of expressionistic
art
 Famous Works

The Frieze of Life

The Scream or The Cry

 Sanzio, Raphael
• (April 6, 1483 – April 6, 1520)
• Master painter and architect of the Italian
High Renaissance
• Known for his Madonnas and for his large
figure compositions in the Vatican
 Famous Works

The Small Cowper The Nymph Galatea

Madonna
 Van Gogh, Vincent
• ( March 30, 1583 – July 29, 1890)
• Dutch Post-Impressionist artist
• Lunatic confined in an asylum in St. Remy
 Famous Works

Vincent

The Starry Night

 Van Rijn, Rembrandt
• (July 15, 1606 – October 4, 1669)
• Generally considered one of the greatest
painters in European art history and the
most important 17th century painter of
United Provinces, Netherlands
• Learned chiaroscuro from Pieter Lastman
• Proficient etcher and engraver
 Famous Works
Artemis

The Raising of Lazarus