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STRUCTURAL DESIGN

Multiple Choice Questions

July 1, 95/June 29, 96/Jan 27, 97/Jan 24 98


1. It is a special plate girder or box beam; a hollow beam,
usually rectangular in section;
consisting of tees, plates, if fabricated of steel, the sides
are steel plates welded
angles and multiple web: together, or they may be
riveted together by steel
a) box girder angles at the corners
Steel beam composed of
b) hybrid girder flanges with greater yield
strength than that of the web
c) T-flange girder Composed of tees, plates,
angles, and multiple web
d) bridging a brace, or a system of braces,
placed between joists (or the
like) to stiffen them, to hold
them in place and to help
distribute the load

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


2. This element at any transverse
cross-section of a straight
beam is the algebraic sum of
the components acting
transverse to the axis of the
beam of all loads and reactions
applied to the portion of the
beam on either side of the
cross-section:
a) axial force
b) shear force
c) lateral force
d) parallel force

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


3. When the ratio of the short span
to the long span of a slab is
less then 0.50, slab is a:
a) one-way slab
b) slab on fill
c) two-way slab
d) cantilever slab

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


4. The analysis of the stress,
strain and deflection
characteristics of structural Determination of load effects
on members and connections
behavior is referred to as: based on the assumption of
rigid-plastic behavior
a) plastic analysis
Determination of seismic effect
b) seismic analysis on the the structure
Determination of internal forces
c) structural analysis using equilibrium, Hooke’s Law,
and compatibility
d) stress analysis
Force per unit area

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


5. This element at any transverse
cross section of a straight beam
is the algebraic sum of the
moments taken about an axis
passing through the center of
the cross section, of all the
loads and reactions applied to
the portion of the beam on
either side of the cross section:
a) external moment
b) bending moment
c) reaction
d) resisting moment

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


6. Longitudinal beams which rest
a piece of timber laid
on top chord, and preferably at horizontally on the principal
rafters of a roof to support the
the joints of the truss: common rafters on which the
roof covering is laid
a) purlins
any rafter that is shorter than
b) jack rafter the usual length of the rafters
used in the same building; esp.
occurs in hip roofs
c) rafters
one of a series of inclined
d) girders structural members from the
ridge of the roof down to the
eaves, providing support for
the covering of a roof
a large or principal beam of
steel, reinforced concrete or
timber; used to support
concentrated loads at isolated
points along its length

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


7. The minimum wall thickness of
Fireplace Chimneys with flue in meters;
lining as per National Building PD No. 1096 (NBC)
Sec. 1211.
Code: Chimneys, Fireplaces and
Barbeques
a) 0.25 b) 0.15 (a) Chimneys
(b) Fireplaces and Barbeques
(1) Fireplace Walls
c) 0.10 d) 0.20 (2) Hoods
(3) Circulators
(4) Smoke Chamber
(5) Fireplace Chimneys. Walls
of chimneys without flue
lining shall not be less than
200 millimeters in thickness.
Walls of chimneys with flue
lining shall not be less than
100 millimeters in thickness
and shall be constructed in
accordance with the
requirements of this Code.

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


8. The maximum deflection for a
simply supported beam with
Not defined
concentrated loads at midspan
is equal to: P
PL3
a) PL3 b) PL3 L 48EI

84 EI 48EI
Not defined

c) PL3 d) PL3 P
4EI 3EI PL3
L 3EI

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


9. For triangular section with base
b and height h, section
modulus, S, is equal to: Ct = 2h/3

a) bh2 b) bh2
8 6
Cb = h/3
c) bh2 d) bh2
12 24 b

I = bh3/36
S = I/Ct = (bh3/36)/(2h/3)
S = bh2/24

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


10. It is the general term applied
for all forces which act upon a
structure and anything else
which causes stresses or
deformation within a structure,
or part thereof:
a) loads
b) none of the listed
c) reactions
d) unit weights

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


11. These members are inclined
joists used to support sloping in wood frame construction,
horizontal boards or timbers
roofs: connecting and terminating
posts, joists, rafters, etc.
a) plates a piece of timber laid
horizontally on the principal
b) purlins rafters of a roof to support the
common rafters on which the
roof covering is laid
c) rafters one of a series of inclined
structural members from the
d) planks ridge of the roof down to the
eaves, providing support for
the covering of a roof
long, wide, square-sawn thick
piece of timber; specificatins
vary but often the minimum
width is 8” (20 cm) and
thickness of 2” – 4” (5 to 10
cm) for softwood and 1” (2.5
cm) for hardwood

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


12. For other bar in tension,
allowable bond stress in MPa
Not defined
is:
For bar in tension
a) 3.23f'c b) 10.14f'c
Not defined
D D
For bar in compression

c) 7.17f'c d) 7.18f'c
D D

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


13. The minimum thickness of the
Front and Side Walls of a in meters;
Smoke Chamber of a Fireplace PD No. 1096 (NBC)
Sec. 1211.
as per National Building Code: Chimneys, Fireplaces and
Barbeques
a) 0.10 b) 0.25 (a) Chimneys
(b) Fireplaces and Barbeques
(1) Fireplace Walls
c) 0.15 d) 0.20 (2) Hoods
(3) Circulators
(4) Smoke Chamber. Front and
side walls shall not be less
than 200 millimeters in
thickness. Smoke chamber
back walls shall not be less
than 150 millimeters in
thickness.

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


14. This system consists of several y
forces, the lines of action of
which are parallel: x

a) parallel coplanar force y


system
x
b) concurrent force coplanar
force system y

c) non-coplanar force system x


d) general coplanar force z

system y

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


15. In bond stress, as the yield
strength of reinforcement fy is
increased, the allowable tensile
stress of the reinforcement, fs,
requiring the development of
higher bond stress or the need P = Afy
for greater embedment lengths
will:
a) fail b) decrease
c) equal d) increase L

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


16. A three dimensional structural
system without the bearing
walls, composed of
interconnected members
laterally supported so as to
function as a complete self-
contained unit with or without Not defined
the aids of horizontal Three dimensional structural
diaphragms or floor-bracing system without bearing walls
composed of members ……..
system:
Not defined
a) box system
The frame of a building in which
b) space frame the resistance to lateral forces
or to frame instability is provided
by diagonal bracing, K-bracing
c) freeform or other type of bracing

d) braced frame
STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995
17. The minimum thickness of
reinforced concrete wall for in meters;
Masonry Chimneys for PD No. 1096 (NBC)
Sec. 1211.
residential Type Appliances as Chimneys, Fireplaces and
Barbeques
per National Building Code: (a) Chimneys
(1) Structural Design
a) 0.20 b) 0.10 (2) Walls
(2.1) Masonry Chimneys for
Residential Type Appliances.
c) 0.15 d) 0.30 Masonry chimneys shall be
constructed of masonry units
or reinforced concrete with
walls not less than 100
millimeters thick; or of
rubbles stone masonry not
less than 300 millimeters
thick. The chimney liner shall
be in accordance with this
Code.

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


18. Concrete slab should have a
minimum clearance of:
a) 20 mm b) 40 mm
20mm
c) 15 mm d) 30 mm

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


19. It is designed to resist lateral
forces parallel to the plane of a wall capable of supporting
the wall: an imposed load; also called a
structural wall or loadbearing
wall
a) bearing wall
in a tall building of steel-frame
b) curtain wall construction, an exterior wall
that is non-loadbearing, having
no structural function
c) grade wall
d) shear wall not defined

a wall which in its own plane


carries shear, resulting from
forces such as wind, blast or
earthquake

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


20. The section at which the
moment changes from positive
to negative is called: w

a) neutral axis L L

b) inflection point
c) section of zero shear
d) maximum moment Point of zero shear

Point of
inflection

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


21. In column, the ratio of its
effective length to its least radius
of gyration is called:
a) Moment of Inertia
b) Development length
c) Slenderness ratio
d) Ratio and proportion

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


22. A joint where two successive
placement of concrete meet is not defined
called: an expansion joint; a joint
between adjacent parts of a
a) Truss joint structure which permits
movement between them
b) Contraction joint resulting from contraction

c) Construction joint a joint where two successive


placements of concrete meet
d) Expansion joint a joint or gap between adjacent
parts of a building, structure or
concrete work which permits
their relative movement due to
temperature changes (or other
conditions) without rupture or
damage

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


23. A quantity which measures the
resistance of the mass to being
revolved about a line is called: the state or condition of being
pulled or stretched
a) Tension
the twisting of a structural
b) Torsion member about its longitudinal
axis by two equal and opposite
torques, one at one end and
c) Variation the other at the opposite end

d) Deflection any displacement in a body from


its static position, or from an
established direction or plane,
as a result of forces acting on
the body

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


a wall, either freestanding or
laterally braced, that bears
24. A wall which supports vertical against an earth or other fill
surface and resists lateral and
loads in addition to its weight other forces from the material
in contact with the side of the
without the benefit of a wall, thereby preventing the
mass from sliding to a lower
complete vertical load carrying elevation
space frame is called: in a tall building of steel-frame
construction, an exterior wall
a) Retaining wall that is non-loadbearing, having
no structural function
b) Curtain wall
a wall which in its own plane
carries shear, resulting from
c) Shearing wall forces such as wind, blast or
earthquake
d) Bearing wall
a wall capable of supporting an
imposed load; also called a
structural wall or loadbearing
wall

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


25. A type of concrete floor which
has no beam is called: a concrete slab which is
reinforced in two or more
directions, usually without
a) Flat slab beams or girders to transfer
the loads to supporting
members
b) 2-way slab
a concrete floor slab in which
c) one-way slab the main reinforcement runs in
two directions
d) Ribbed floor a rectangular reinforced
concrete slab which spans a
distance very much greater in
one direction than the other;
under these conditions, most of
the load is carried on the shorter
span
a floor of ribbed slab or panel;
a reinforced concrete panel
composed of a thin slab
reinforced by a system of ribs

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


26. Any material changes in shape
when subjected to the action of
the change of direction which
a force is called: a ray of light, sound or radiant
heat undergoes when it
a) Reflection strikes a surface

b) Deflection any displacement in a body


from its static position, or from
an established direction or
c) Deformation plane, as a result of forces
acting on the body
d) Acceleration
any change of form, shape or
dimensions produced in a body
by a stress or force, without
breach of the continuity of its
parts

the rate of change of the


velocity of a moving body

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


the force of adhesion per unit
27. The maximum value of tension, area of contact between two
bonded surfaces, such as
compression, or shear between concrete and a steel
reinforcing bar
respectively when the material
sustain without failure is called: or yield point; the lowest
stress in a material (less than
the maximum attainable
a) Bond stress stress) at which the material
begins to exhibit plastic
b) Yielding stress properties; beyond this point
an increase in strain occurs
without an increase in stress
c) Ultimate stress
not defined
d) Working stress
or allowable stress; in the
design of structures, the
maximum unit stress permitted
under working loads by codes
and specifications

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


Hooke’s law
a law stating that the
deformation of an elastic
28. The greatest stress to which a body is proportional to the
material is capable of force applied, provided the
stress does not exceed the
developing without a elastic limit of the material

permanent deformation in the design of structures, the


remaining upon the complete maximum unit stress
permitted under working loads
release of stress is called: by codes and specifications

a) Allowable stress of a body around an axis, the


sum of the products obtained
b) Moment of Inertia by multiplying each element of
mass by the square of its
distance from the axis
c) Bending Stress
d) Proportional limit the greatest stress which a
material is capable of
sustaining without any
deviation from Hooke’s law

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


29. The measure of the stiffness of
a material is called:
a) Effective length
b) Proportional limit
c) Stiffness ratio
d) Ratio and proportion

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


30. The failure in a base when a
heavily loaded column strikes a
hole through it is called:
a) Flexural stress
b) Punching moment
c) Punching shear
d) Single shear

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


31. The deformation of a structural
member as a result of loads
acting on it is called:
a) Strength
b) Strain
c) Stress
d) Deflection

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


32. The major horizontal
supporting member of the floor
system is called:
a) Rafter
b) Girder
c) Purlin
d) Girt

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


33. Walls that support weight from
above as well as their own dead
weight.
a wall capable of supporting an
imposed load in addition to its
a) Load-bearing walls own weight
b) Dead load the weight of a structure itself,
including the weight of fixtures
c) Shoring walls or equipment permanently
attached to it
d) None of these
shore – a piece of timber to
support a wall, usually set
in a diagonal or oblique
position, to hold the wall in
place temporarily
shoring – a number of
shores acting collectively

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


34. It refers to the occupancy load
which is either partially or fully in
place or may not be present at
the moving or movable external
all is called: load on a structure; includes the
weight of furnishings of a
a) Live load building, of the people, of
equipment, etc. but does not
b) Dead load include wind load

c) Concentrated load the weight of a structure itself,


including the weight of fixtures
d) Distributed load or equipment permanently
attached to it

a load acting on a very small


area of a structure

a load which acts evenly over a


structural member or over a
surface that supports the load

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


35. The distance between inflection (1) the minimum length of
point in the column when it straight reinforcing bar or
reinforcing rod which is
breaks is called: required to anchor it in
concrete
(2) the length of embedded
a) Development length reinforcement required to
develop the design strength at
a critical section
b) Cross-sectional area
c) Effective length area of the section of any solid
object
d) Equivalent distance of a column, the distance
between inflection points in the
column when it bends

not defined

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


36. The amount of space measured
in cubic units:
a) None of these
1-D: sum length of all sides of an
b) Perimeter enclosed shape

c) Volume 3-D: width x length x breadth

d) Area 2-D: width x length

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


37. In formula e = PL/AE, E stands
for:
a) Total deformation,
a form of strain; a change in the
b) Elongation form or shape of a body or
material which is subjected to
an external force
c) Equal forces
d) Modulus of elasticity in an elastic material which has
been subject to strain below its
elastic limit, the ratio of the unit
stress to the corresponding
unit strain

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


38. A bended rod to resist shear and
diagonal stresses in a concrete
beam is called:
a) Bottom bar
b) Stirrups
c) Metal plate
d) temperature bar

or temperature steel; steel


reinforcement which is placed in
a concrete slab, or the like, to
minimize the possibility of
developing cracks as a result of
temperature changes

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


39. Ratio of unit stress to unit strain:
a) Ratio and proportion of a body around an axis, the
sum of the products obtained by
b) Moment of Inertia multiplying each element of
mass by the square of its
c) Modulus of elasticity distance from the axis

in an elastic material which has


d) Slenderness ratio been subject to strain below its
elastic limit, the ratio of the unit
stress to the corresponding
unit strain

of a column, the ratio of its


effective length to its least
radius of gyration

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


40. An expansion joint’s adjacent
parts of a structure to permit
expected movements between
them is called: an expansion joint; a joint
between adjacent parts of a
a) Contraction joint structure which permits
movement between them
resulting from contraction
b) Truss joint
c) Construction joint a joint where two successive
placements of concrete meet; a
separation provided in a
d) Conduction joint building which allows its
component parts to move with
respect to each other

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


41. To find the volume of water in a
cylinder tank, multiply the area
of its base by its:
a) Diameter
b) Radius
c) Height
d) None of these

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


42. The most important component
to determine the strength of
concrete mix is:
a) Cement
b) Sand
c) Gravel
d) Lime

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


43. The ultimate strength of the
material divided by the
allowable working load.
a) Maximum strength
b) Strength limit or factor of safety; the ratio of
the ultimate breaking strength of
c) Safety factor a member or piece of material or
equipment to the actual working
stress or safe load when in use
d) None of these

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


44. The stress per unit area of the
original cross section of a
material which resist its in the design of structures, the
maximum unit stress permitted
elongation is: under working loads by codes
and specifications
a) Allowable stress
the stress per square unit area
of the original cross section of
b) Tensile stress a material which resists its
elongation
c) Flexural stress
the stress that can cause the
d) Bending stress bending of a member, as under
a load

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


45. A beam that projects beyond
one or both its supports is
called:
no definition
a) Overhanging beam
a beam which extends over three
b) Continuous beam or more supports, joined
together so that, for a given load
on one span, the effect on the
c) Intermediate beam other spans can be calculated

d) Cantilevered beam no definition

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


46. The force adhesion per unit
area of contact between two axial load, axial force; the
bonded surface is: resultant longitudinal internal
component of force which acts
perpendicular to the cross
a) Axial stress section of a structural member
and at its centroid, producing
uniform stress
b) Bond stress
in the design of structures, the
c) Allowable stress maximum unit stress permitted
under working loads by codes
and specifications
d) Flexural Stress
the stress that can cause the
bending of a member, as under
a load

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


47. Using the data given below,
determine the ultimate moment
capacity of the given beam as a
single reinforced element. (see
Figure D)
Given:
fc1 = 21 MPa
fy = 275 MPa
clear concrete cover = 40 mm
a) 94.96 kn-m
Figure D
b) 96.94 kn-m
c) 69.49 kn-m
d) 96.64 kn-m
STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995
48. Determine the member force in
bar x of the given pin jointed. It is
supported by a hinge at A; a
roller at B, (see Figure B)
a) x = 0
b) x = 300 kgs.
c) x = 150 kgs
d) x = 6-- kgs

Figure B

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


49. Complete the shear diagram
shown, (see Figures E and F)
a) Vx = 50 KN
b) Vx = 40 KN
c) Vx = 70 KN Figure E

d) Vx = 60 KN

Figure F

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


50. How is camber treated in steel truss
25 meters longer?
a) Camber shall be approximately
equal to 1 % of the span
b) Camber shall be approximately
equal to the dead load deflection
c) Camber shall be approximately
equal to 0.8 % of the span plus 1/3
of the dead load deflection
d) Camber shall be approximately
equal to 0.5 % of the span plus ½
of the live load deflection

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


51. What is a design analysis
requirement, considered as a basis
for the structural design of buildings
and structures, where the total lateral
forces are distributed to the various
vertical elements of the lateral force-
resisting system in proportion to their
rigidities considering the rigidity of the
horizontal bracing system or
diaphragm?
a) Shear and moment diagram
b) Distribution of Horizontal Shear
c) Stability against overturning
d) Horizontal torsional moments

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


52. Which of the following criterion precludes
good construction practice for conduits and
pipes embedded in concrete?
a) Conduits and pipes embedded in slab,
wall or beam shall not be larger in outside
dimension than 1/3 the overall thickness of
slab, wall or beam in which they are
embedded
b) Reinforcement with an area not less than
0.002 times area of cross-section shall be
provided normal to piping
c) Conduit and pipes, with their fittings,
embedded within a column shall not
displace more than 5 % of the area of cross-
section on which strength is calculated
d) Concrete cover for pipes, conduits, and
fitting shall not be less than 40 mm for
concrete exposed to earth or weather

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


53. A 1000 mm x 25 mm nominal diameter deformed
steel bar is subjected to test. The following results
were obtained: actual length is 999 mm; actual
diameter – 23.5 mm; actual weight is 3.90 kg.
Yield force = 22,099.14 kg.; Yield stress = 45.02
kg/sq. mm.; ultimate force = 31,425.74 kg/sq.
mm.; ultimate stress = 64.02 kg/sq. mm.; actual
strain = 12 %. Judge the quality of the steel bar
as per PS standard 681 -04.02:1975.
a) Nominal diameter of steel bar, 23.5 mm, is less
than the required diameter of 25 mm, thus of
poor quality
b) The steel bar is an intermediate steel bar.
c) Steel bar result is less than the minimum
standard of PS grade 410 thus maybe
categorized only as PS grade 275.
d) Steel bar is PS grade 410 and passes the
minimum standard for PS grade 410 thus of
good quality

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


54. A brochure of steel bar manufacturer claims the
following specs: Yield strength = 275 MPa; tensile
strength = 480 MPa. A sample of a 32 mm x
1000mm long steel bar was cut for sampling with
the following test results: yield stress = 28.54
kg/sq. mm. Ultimate stress = 50.55 kg/sq. mm.
Judge the actual test result against what is
claimed in the brochure and if test results meet
minimum PS standards.
a) The test result surpasses the claims on
the brochure and surpasses PS standards
b) Test results is below the claims in the
brochure but surpasses PS standards
c) The test results are equal to the claim on the
brochure
d) Test results is below the claims on the
brochure and below PS standards

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


55. Which is NOT among the following
arrangement, a seismic requirement
for transverse reinforcement?
a) Maximum spacing of hoops shall
not exceed 24 times the diameter of
the hoop bars
b) Maximum spacing of hoops shall
not be eight times the diameter of
the smallest longitudinal bars
c) Maximum spacing of hoops shall not
be more than d/4
d) The first hoop shall be located not
more than 75 mm from the face of
the supporting member

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


56. How is a 90 degree bend standard
look for concrete reinforcement
constructed?
a) 90 degree bend plus 10 db
extension, at free end of the bar
b) 90 degree bend plus 12 db
extension, at free end of the bar
c) 90 degree bend plus 6 db
extension, at free end of the bar
d) 90 degree bend plus 4 db
extension, at free end of the bar

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


57. Good high-strength-bolted connection for steel
should have the following physical characteristics
for good workmanship. Which in the following is
NOT ideal?
a) High-strength-bolted parts shall fit solidly
together when assembled and shall not be
separated by gaskets or any other interposed
compressive material
b) Bolts tightened by means of calibrated wrench
shall be installed with hardened washer under
the nut or bolt head, whichever is the element
turned in tightening
c) When assembled, all joints surfaces, including
those adjacent to the washer, shall be free of
scale, except tight mill scale, dirt and burns.
d) Surface in contact with the bolt head and nut
shall have a slope of not more than 1: 10 with
respect to a plane normal to the bolt axis

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


59. Two M.S. plates are to be
welded by end butt joint by a
partial-penetration groove
weld. The thicknesses of the
plates are 16 mm. what is the
minimum effective throat
thickness of the weld?
a) 6.0 mm b) 9.0 mm
c) 7.5 mm d) 12.0 mm

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


60. What is the minimum inside
diameter of a standard hook for
stirrups and ties for a 16 mm
and smaller in diameter?
a) 8 db b) 6 db
c) 4 db d) 10 db

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


61. What are piles at an inclination
to resist forces that are not
critical?
heavy, square timbers which
a) Guide piles are driven vertically downward
to guide steel sheet-piling
b) Batter piles
or brace piles, spur piles; piles
c) Slope piles driven at an inclination to the
vertical to provide resistance to
horizontal forces
d) Fender piles

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


62. Which of the following criteria for
bundled bars, do NOT apply?
a) Bars larger than 32 mm shall not
be bundled in beams
b) Bundle bars shall be enclosed
within stirrups or ties
c) Group of parallel reinforcing bars
bundled in contact to act as a unit
shall be limited to four in any one
bundle
d) Individual bars within a bundle
terminated within the span of
flexural members shall terminate
at different points with at least 40
db staggered

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


63. What is a method of analyzing
intermediate modular building
frames by assuming hinges at
the center of beam spans and
column height?
a) Cantilever method
b) Moment distribution method
c) Free body diagram method
d) Portal method

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


64. As a seismic requirement for flexural members
where hoops are required, how are the
remaining portions of a beam treated with
transverse reinforcement as minimum
requirement other than those required with
hoops?
a) Where hoops are not required, stirrups
shall be spaced at no more than d/2
throughout the length of the member
b) Where hoops are not required, crossties
shall be spaced at no more than d/3
throughout the length of the member
c) Where hoops are not required, hoops shall
continue except that spacing shall not be
more than d/2
d) Where hoops are not required, closed
stirrups shall be spaced at no more than
d/4 throughout the length of the member

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


65. What is the minimum requirement for
development of at least 1/3 of the
total reinforcement provided for
negative moment reinforcement as an
embedment length beyond the point
of infection?
a) Not less than the effective depth of
member of 12 db, or 1/16th the
clear span, whichever is greater
b) L/3 + d or 24 db, or 1/12th the clear
span, whichever is greater
c) Not less than 1.5 d or 14 db, or
1/12th the clear span, whichever is
greater
d) L/4 + 2d or 12 db, 1/12th the clear
span, whichever is greater

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


66. What is a round, steel bolt
embedded in concrete or
masonry used to hold down
machinery, steel columns or
beams, casting, shoes, beam
plates and engine heads?
not defined
a) Retaining bolts
or anchor bolt, hold-down bolt;
a steel bolt usually fixed in a
b) Foundation bolts building structure with its
threaded portion projecting;
c) Anchor bolts used to secure frameworks

d) Friction bolts not defined

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


67. Aggregates should conform to PNS or ASTM standards
and must be well graded, easy workability and method
of consolidated are such that the concrete can be
poured without honeycomb or voids. What is the
nominal maximum size of a course aggregate when
working spaces between reinforcements for proper
bonding?
a) Course aggregates shall be no larger than ½ the
minimum clear spacing between individual
reinforcing bars or wires, bundles of bars, or
prestressing tendons or ducts
b) Course aggregates shall be no larger than 5/8 the
minimum clear spacing between individual reinforcing
bars or wires, bundles of bars, or prestressing
tendons or ducts
c) Course aggregates shall be no larger than 7/8 the
minimum clear spacing between individual reinforcing
bars or wires, bundles of bars, or prestressing
tendons or ducts
d) Course aggregates shall be no larger than 3/4 the
minimum clear spacing between individual reinforcing
bars or wires, bundles of bars, or prestressing
tendons or ducts

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


68. What is the minimum concrete
cover for primary reinforcement
of beams and columns not
exposed to earth or weather for
precast manufactured under
plant control conditions?
a) db but not less than 25 mm
b) db but not less than 15 mm
and need not exceed 40 mm
c) db but not less than 20 mm
and need not exceed 50 mm
d) db but not less than 30 mm

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


69. What is a steel element such
as wire, cable, bar, rod or
strand, or a bundle of such
elements, used to impart
prestress to concrete?
a) Prestress cables
b) Reinforcements
c) Tenon cables
d) Tendon

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


70. Determine the right vertical
reaction in figure ST 01.175.
a) 1500 kN b) 750 kN
c) 3000 kN d) 0 kN

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


71. A simple beam has a span of 5
m with two concentrated loads
of 18 kN each placed at the
third points of the span. If the
extreme fiber stress is 9 MPa,
determine the required section
modulus.
a) 2222222.22 mm3
b) 6666666.66 mm3
c) 3333333.33 mm3
d) 1111111.11 mm3

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


72. In ST 01.203, the depth of
footing from beam shear is
nearest to:
a) 850 mm b) 650 mm
c) 950 mm d) 750 mm

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995


73. In ST 01.203, the following
length L is computed to be
nearest to:
a) 7.00 m b) 6.40 m
c) 6.70 m d) 7.30 m

STRUCTURAL DESIGN July 1, 1995

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