Sklerosis Multipel
Sklerosis Multipel
(SKDI 1)
Pembimbing :
dr. Lely Martha Uli, Sp.S
Disusun oleh :
Trinita Diyah Permatasari
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KLASIFIKASI MS
Relapsing Remitting MS
• episode eksaserbasi diikuti episode remisi
Secondary Progressive MS
• episode remisi makin berkurang dan gejala menjadi makin progresif
Primary Progressive MS
• Gejala yang timbul tidak pernah mengalami fase remisi
Progressive Relapsing MS
• mengalami perburukan dengan beberapa episode eksaserbasi. Tidak ada fase
remisi dari gejala
Estiasari, R. 2014. Sklerosis Multipel. CDK-217/vol.41 no.6, th. 2014
Milo, R., & Miller, A. (2014). Revised diagnostic criteria of multiple sclerosis. Autoimmunity reviews, 13(4), 518-
6 524
Estiasari, R. 2014. Sklerosis Multipel. CDK-217/vol.41 no.6, th. 2014
Milo, R., & Miller, A. (2014). Revised diagnostic criteria of multiple sclerosis. Autoimmunity reviews,
7 13(4), 518-524
MANIFESTASI KLINIS
Visual Cerebellar
Blurry vision Tremor
Unilateral loss of vision Ataxia
Diplopia
Genitourinary
Motor
Urgency/frequency/retention
Trunk/limb weakness
Spasticity Incontinence
Hyperreflexia Constipation
Gait disturbance Impotence
Balance problems Neuropsychiatric
Sensory Impairment of memory, concentration,
Paresthesias attention
Dysesthesias Irritability
Lhermitte’s sign
Anxiety
Trigeminal neuralgia
Proprioception deficits Other symptoms
Prominent intractable fatigue with
no other cause
Lublin, F. D., Reingold, S. C., Cohen, J. A., Cutter, G. R., Sørensen, P. S., Thompson, A. J., ... & Bebo, B. (2014).
8 Defining the clinical course of multiple sclerosis The 2013 revisions. Neurology, 83(3), 278-286.
Diagnosis Banding
Vascular Multiple lacunar infarcts; CADASIL; spinal arteriovenous
malformation
Infection Lyme disease; syphilis; HIV myelopathy; HTLV-1
myelopathy
Traumatic Spondylitic myelopathy
Autoimmune NMO; acute disseminated encephalomyelitis; CNS
vasculitis; Behcet syndrome, sarcoidosis; SLE
Metabolic/Toxic vitamin B12 deficiency; vitamin B6 deficiency;
radiation; hypoxia
Idiopatic/Genetic Friedreich ataxia; Arnold-Chiari malformation;
adrenoleukodystrophy; metachromatic dystrophy
Neoplastic CNS lymphoma; glioma; paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis
S-Psychiatric Conversion disorder
Miller, D. H., Weinshenker, B. G., Filippi, M., Banwell, B. L., Cohen, J. A., Freedman, M. S., ... & Kira, J. (2008).
Differential diagnosis of suspected multiple sclerosis: a consensus approach. Multiple sclerosis journal, 14(9), 1157-
9 1174.
DIAGNOSIS
Miller, D. H., Weinshenker, B. G., Filippi, M., Banwell, B. L., Cohen, J. A., Freedman, M. S., ... & Kira,
J. (2008). Differential diagnosis of suspected multiple sclerosis: a consensus approach. Multiple sclerosis
10 journal, 14(9), 1157-1174.
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PEMERIKSAAN PENUNJANG
1. Magnetic Resonance
Imaging
2. Pemeriksaan CSF
Milo, R., & Miller, A. (2014). Revised diagnostic criteria of multiple sclerosis.
13 Autoimmunity reviews, 13(4), 518-524.
TERAPI
Memperpendek Penurunan
eksaserbasi akut frekuensi
eksaserbasi
Mempertahankan
Menghilangkan kemampuan
gejala pasien untuk
berjalan
Goodin, D. S., Frohman, E. M., Garmany, G. P., Halper, J., Likosky, W. H., Lublin, F. D., ... & Van den Noort, S.
(2002). Disease modifying therapies in multiple sclerosis: Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology
15 and the MS Council for Clinical Practice Guidelines. Neurology, 58(2), 169-178.
PROGNOSIS
• Sangat bervariasi dan tak terduga. Pada kebanyakan
pasien, terutama ketika MS dimulai dengan optik
neuritis, remisi bisa bertahan berbulan-bulan
untuk > 10 tahun.
• Penyakit lebih luas maka akan berisiko lebih awal
kecacatan sebelumnya.
• Rentang hidup lebih singkat pada kasus MS yang
sangat parah.
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