AEROBIC AND
ANAEROBIC
TRAINING
Pendahuluan
2
Jamu/herbal
Agen Penyakit
Triangle
Epidemiology
HOST Lingkungan
Konsep Epidemiologi
6
Olahraga
Life style/ Gaya Hidup Diit
Merokok
Sedentary life
Saat ini......
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No Physical Activity
Risk of fractures
Obesity
Diabetes
Premature Ageing
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sleeping cooking
0.9 METs 2.0 METs
Energy Cost
1 MET = 3.5 mL • kg-1 • min-1 V02
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Relationship PA and mortality
MET =
Energy cost
Secondary Prevention
Primary Prevention
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Prinsip Dasar Berolahraga
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Yang Perlu Diperhatikan Saat Olahraga
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Faktor faktor yang mempengaruhi latihan
Aerobic
Energy
System Anaerobic
Physical Training
Circulatory Function
Cardiorespiratory
System Heart Function
Respiratory Function
ROM
Flexibility Joint
Tissue
Muscular
Neuromuscular
System
Neural
Fat Mass
Body
Composition
Fat-free Mass
Pembagian Training Berdasarkan Sumber Energi
1. Anaerobic Alactic System (ATP-CP)
• Short-Term Energy System - 0 to 15 seconds
• Resynthesis of ATP from CP
2. Anaerobic Lactic System (LA)
• Intermediate-Term Energy System - 15 - 50 seconds
• Breakdown of glucose (glycolysis)
• Lactic acid breaks apart into lactate and hydrogen ions
3. Aerobic System (O2)
• Long-Term Energy System - >50 seconds
• Oxygen fuels low intensity muscular activity for long
periods of time
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Aerobic VS Anaerobic
Aerobic Anaerobic
Anaerobic
ATP-CP : 10 sec. Or less
Glycolysis : Few minutes
Aerobic
Krebs cycle 2 minutes +
Electron Transport Chain
Energy Transfer Systems and Exercise
100%
Anaerobic
% Capacity of Energy System
Glycolysis
Aerobic
Energy
System
ATP - CP
Energy H+
ATP
Pyruvic Acid (2) Lactic Acid (2)
Inter Cellular Fluid
CO2 + Mitochondria
&H
Fatty
Acids Aerobic
Acetyl Co-A (2)
Amino
Acids
Krebs
Energy ATP
CO2
Cycle
H+ To ETC
Glycolysis
Effect of Event Duration on Primary
Energy System Used
Duration of Event Intensity of Event Primary Energy
System(s)
Contribution of 96 75 50 35
anaerobic
mechanisms (%)
Contribution of 4 25 50 65
aerobic
mechanism (%)
Interval Training of Specific Energy
Systems
Incorporating Appropriate Work : Rest Ratios
% of Maximum Primary system Typical exercise Range of
power stressed time exercise- to-rest
period ratios
90-100 Phosphagen 5-10 s 1:12 to 1:20
“Performance gains typically are related to changes in more than one physiological
system. The training program must train each physiological system in careful
balance with specific performance goals in mind.”
Korelasi Sumber Energi – intensitatas
Latihan
Typical Aerobic Exercise session
McArdle, Katch, and Katch: Exercise Physiology: Energy, Nutrition, and Copyright © 2007 Lippincott
Human Performance, Sixth Edition Williams & Wilkins.
Other Aerobic Training Adaptations
McArdle, Katch, and Katch: Exercise Physiology: Energy, Nutrition, and Copyright © 2007 Lippincott
Human Performance, Sixth Edition Williams & Wilkins.
Factors that Affect the Aerobic
Training Response
McArdle, Katch, and Katch: Exercise Physiology: Energy, Nutrition, and Copyright © 2007 Lippincott
Human Performance, Sixth Edition Williams & Wilkins.
ACSM’s Updated Fitness Guidelines
and Recommendations
Cardiovascular
40 – 85% of V O2max
55 –90% HR max
20 – 60 minutes
Muscular strength
One set of 8 – 10 different exercises
8 – 12 reps
2 – 3 days per week
Joint flexibility
Static and dynamic range of motion exercises, 4
reps
2 to 3 times per week
McArdle, Katch, and Katch: Exercise Physiology: Energy, Nutrition, and Copyright © 2007 Lippincott
Human Performance, Sixth Edition Williams & Wilkins.
Anaerobic Conditioning
Phosphate Pool
Allout bursts of 5-10 seconds will significantly deplete
the ATP-CP system.
Very little LA produced (< 10-15 sec. Bursts)
Rest periods of 30 – 60 seconds will provide complete
recovery ([ATP-CP] back to normal)
High intensity interval training
Increases [ATP-CP]
Facilitates neuromuscular adaptations to the RATE and
PATTERN of the movement.
Anaerobic Conditioning
1.2
1
Relative Rick of Death
0.8
0.6
Risk of Death
0.4
0.2
0
0 90 180 330 420
Minutes per Week of Moderate- or Vigorous-Intensity Exercise
Peran Olahraga Membuat Awet Muda
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