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c REFERENCE (S)
c MECHANISM OF ACTION
c INDICATIONS
c PHARMACOKINETICS/ PHARMACODYNAMICS
c CONTRAINDICATIONS
c DOSAGE
c AVAILABILITY
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c DRUG HANDBOOK ( LIPPINCOTTS )
c AHFS DRUG
c PDR
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c Moxifloxacin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that is
active against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative
bacteria. It functions by inhibiting DNA gyrase, a type
II topoisomerase, and topoisomerase ivwhich is an
enzyme necessary to separate replicated DNA, thereby
inhibiting cell division.
c A broad spectrum of bacteria is susceptible including,
but not limited to:
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c AVELOX Tablets and I.V. are indicated for the
treatment of infections listed below:
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Moxifloxacin is also considered to be contraindicated
within the:
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c  Æ -( Pregnancy category C ) The
fluoroquinolones rapidly cross the blood-placenta and
blood-milk barrier, and are extensively distributed into the
fetal tissues. For this reason the fluroquinolones are
contraindicated during pregnancy due to the risk of
spontaneous abortions and birth defects.
c 
! The flouroquinolones have also been
reported as being present in the motherǯs milk and are
passed on to the nursing child, which may increases the
risk of the child suffering from this syndrome as well, even
though the child had never been prescribed or taken any of
the drugs found within this class.
c patients with a history of tendon disorder
c patients with documented QT prolongation
c patients with epilepsy or other seizure disorders.
c Coadministration of moxifloxacin with other drugs
that also prolong the QT interval or induce
bradycardia (eg, beta-blockers, amiodarone) should be
avoided.
c Careful consideration should be given in the use of
moxifloxacin in patients with cardiovascular disease,
including those with conduction abnormalities.

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c BODY AS A WHOLE: abdominal pain, headache, asthenia, injection
site reaction (including phlebitis), malaise, moniliasis, pain, allergic
reaction
c CARDIOVASCULAR: tachycardia, palpitation, vasodilation, QT
interval prolonged,
c DIGESTIVE: vomiting, abnormal liver function test, dyspepsia, dry
mouth, flatulence, oral moniliasis, constipation, GGTP increased,
anorexia, stomatitis, glossitis
c HEMIC AND LYMPHATIC: leukopenia, eosinophilia, prothrombin
decrease (prothrombin time prolonged/International Normalized
Ratio (INR) increased), thrombocythemia
c METABOLIC AND NUTRITIONAL: lactic dehydrogenase increased,
amylase increased
c MUSCULOSKELETAL: arthralgia, myalgia
c NERVOUS SYSTEM: insomnia, nervousness, vertigo,
somnolence, anxiety, tremor
c SKIN: rash (maculopapular, purpuric, pustular), pruritus,
sweating, urticaria
c SPECIAL SENSES: taste perversion
c UROGENITAL: vaginal moniliasis, vaginitis,

Some of the serious adverse effects which occur more

commonlyWith fluoroquinolones than with other antibiotic
drug classes include 
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c The standard dose of moxifloxacin is
400 mg (orally or as an intravenous
infusion) once every 24 hours. The
duration of treatment depends upon
the (  of infection and the usual
duration is 7 to 14 days
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Moxifloxacin is available as:
c Tablet; Oral containing 400 mg moxifloxacin.
Prescription
c Solution; I.V. (moxifloxacin hydrochloride in sodium
chloride injection) containing 400 mg of moxifloxacin
in 0.8% saline. Prescription
c Also used in eye and ear drops. Prescription
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