JUVENILE DELINQUENCY AND REOFFENDING BEHAVIOUR:

A STUDY ON RISK FACTOR ASSOCIATED WITH RECIDIVISM

AMONG JUVENILE

Manikandan S.,
Research Assistant, Centre for Criminology and Victimology, National Law
University, New Delhi.

S. Ramachandran,
LLM student, School of Excellence in Law, the Tamil Nadu Dr. Ambedkar
Law University, Chennai,
 INTRODUCTION
• “Child in Conflict with Law” has been defined under Section 2
(l3) of the Juvenile Justice (Care & Protection of Children) Act,
2015 as a child who is alleged or found to have committed an
offence and has not completed eighteen years of age on the
date of commission of such offence

• Re-offending rate in India is always underestimated both in

the case of adults as well as juveniles. The reason for
underestimation has many factors but one of major factor is
low rate conviction.
 RE-OFFENDING RATE AMONG
JUVENILES
• According to the National Crime Records Bureau, the current re-
offending rate among juveniles in India is 5.2% which includes
only crimes under Indian Penal Code.

• till 2015, National Crime Records Bureau never published re-

offending rate of juveniles in India.

• Why re-offending rate in India very less compare to other

developed countries?
 The Present study: Need and
Significance
• Death of research in the area of re-offending behavior and
recidivism.

• Focusing on juvenile delinquency and re-offending behavior

among juvenile will contribute to crime reduction as well as
prevent a juvenile being converted to adult offender. In a way,
it is a kind of crime prevention as per the researcher.
 OBJECTIVE OF THIS PAPER

• To explore various risk factors contributing to re-offending

behaviours among juveniles in India.

• To know the effectiveness of interventions or sanctions

provided to juveniles in India.

• To explore the preventive strategies for re-offending

behaviours among juveniles.

 Risk factors contributing to re-offending
behaviours among juveniles
• Early school dropouts
• Lack of parental care and supervisions
• Substance abuse
• Broken home condition
• Labelling,
• Families financial instability
• Area of dwelling,
• Bad peer and peer pressure.
 Effectiveness of interventions or
sanctions provided to juveniles in India.
• When it comes to effectiveness of interventions or sanction
provided to juveniles in India, It is noted that interventions or
sanction are serving to purpose. It is also observed that their a
lack of national level study with respect to this area.

• Observations homes are not well maintained. There is a lack

of training and professionalism with respect to rehabilitation
and integration of juveniles to society.
Cont.
• There is a need for strong probation system in India, so that a
community based rehabilitation and integration can be
implemented easily.

• There is also need for an innovative judicial activism.

 The preventive strategies for re-offending
behaviours among juveniles
• Systematic aftercare programme

• Special treatment for the first juvenile offenders

• Strong probation mechanism

• Effective psychological counseling

• Focusing on particular area which are more proven to juvenile

delinquency and educating them.

• Including basics of criminal justice education as compulsory in

school curriculum for creating awareness
 Conclusion
• It is concluded that it is always better to focus on prevention
of re-offending behaviour among juveniles through proper
intervention strategies before the juvenile convert to a violent
adult offender with prolonging a criminal career.

• There is a need for national level study on this area to study

the socio-economic cultural factors which also contribute to
re-offending behavior among juveniles.
Feel free to contact me for more queries
s.manikandan@nludelhi.ac.in