E AT I N G A N D D R I N K I N G

PROBLEMS
MEMBER OF GROUP 5 :
1 . A S T I K A R A H M A W AT I 1610016
2 . H E R N I N DYA D I A J E N G 1610042
3 . J E N N I A R I S N A N DA R 1610052
4 . N A B E L AT U L L A I L I 1610064
5 . S E LV I N A R A M A D H A N T Y 1 6 1 0 0 9 4
 WHAT IS NUTRITION ??

Nutrition is a chemical bond that is needed by the

body to do its function in the form of energy.
Nutrition is used for food as a form of energy,
where every network in the body works well
(Syakur, 2012).
DO YOU KNOW THE FUNCTION OF
NUTRITION
that function to form and maintain body tissues, gain
energy, regulate work in the body, and protect the body
against disease attacks. Thus, the main function of nutrition
is to provide energy for the body's activities, form the
structure of the skeleton and body tissues and regulate
various chemical processes of the body
(Jauhari and Nasution, 2013).
THESE ARE SOME OF THE FACTORSTHAT AFFECT
NUTRITION

1. Knowledge
2. Prejudice
3. Habit
4. Passions
5. Ekonomic
FACTORS THAT INCREASE
NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENTS
• Fast growth, such as babies, children, teenagers, and pregnant women.
• During tissue repair or health recovery due to the process of an illness.
• Increased body temperature. Every increase of 1oF, the calorie requirement increases by 7%.
• Increasing activity.
• Setres. Some people will eat as a compensation because they experience an infection.
FACTORS THAT REDUCE NUTRITIONAL
NEEDS
• Decreasing the rate of growth, for example in the elderly.
• Decrease in basal metabolic rate (BMR).
• Hypothermia.
• Gender. Generally, nutritional needs for women are lower than men. This is because in women
BMR is lower than BMR in men.
• Passive lifestyle.
• Bedrest. (Hidayat, 2009)
NUTRITION COMPONENT

1. Carbohydrate
2. Protein
3. Fat
4.Vitamin
5. Mineral
6. Water
BODY SYSTEMS THAT PLAY A ROLE IN
FULFILLING NUTRITION NEED
• Mouth
• Pharynx and esophagus
• Stomach
• Small intestine
• Colon
• Anus
• Heart
• Gall bladder
• Pancreas
NUTRITION NEEDS ISSUES

• Lack of nutrition
Nutritional deficiency is a condition experienced by a person in a state of not fasting (normal) or
the risk of weight loss body due to insufficient nutritional intake for needs metabolism.
• Excess nutrition
Excess nutrition is a condition that is experienced someone who has a risk of increasing body
weight due to excessive metabolic needs.
• Malnutrition
Malnutrition is a problem associated with a lack of nutrients at the cellular level or can be said to
be problem of nutrient intake that is not in accordance with body needs.
 CONTINUE...
• Obesity
Obesity is a problem of increasing body weight reaching more than 20% of normal body weight. Its nutritional
status is exceeding metabolic requirements due to excess calorie intake and decrease in calorie use.
• Hypertension
Hypertension is a nutritional disorder that is also caused by various problems in meeting nutritional needs such as
causes of obesity, as well as excessive calcium, sodium and lifestyle intake.
• Coronary heart disease
Coronary heart disease is a frequent nutritional disorder caused by an increase in blood cholesterol and smoking.
At present, this disorder is often experienced because of an unhealthy behavior or lifestyle, obesity, and others.
• Cancer
Cancer is a disorder of nutritional needs caused by excessive consumption of fat.
• Anorexia nervosa
Anorexia nervosa is a sudden and prolonged decrease in body weight, characterized by constipation, body swelling,
abdominal pain, cold, lethargy, and excess energy.
 CASE REVIEW
A 74 years old female patient came to the emergency department
with complaints of nausea and vomiting. The patient said he often ate
late, if filled with the stomach felt full so that the patient did not
appetite. To overcome her complaints the patient said she drank
water and took medicine. Examination results obtained blood
pressure : 100/70 mmhg, body temperature : 36,5 degree celcius,
pulse : 70x / minute, breathing : 18x / minute, body weight before sick
55 kg, body weight after sick 50 kg. Patients diagnosed with acute
gastritis.
ASSESMENT
1. Patient Identity
• Name : Mrs. M
• Gender : Female
• Age : 74 years old
• Marital Status :Widow
• Religion : Islam
• Education : Middle School
• Job : Housewife
• Address : Cempaka Street Gg. Jawa Kel. Medan Polonia rejois
• A blood type :A
• Date of study : June 6, 2017
• Operation Date : Ny. M has never been operated on
2. Main Complaint
Mrs. M said nausea vomiting and decreased appetite.
3. History Of Health Now
Patients come to the emergency room accompanied by their families with complaints of nausea vomiting and no appetite. The results of
the examination showed blood pressure : 100/70 mmhg, body temperature : 36,5 degree celcius, pulse : 70x / minute, breathing : 18x /
minute, , body weight before sick 55 kg, body weight after sick 50 kg
CONTINUE...
4. Historical Health History
The patient said he had been hospitalized before with the
same complaint.
5. History Of The Family
The patient says no family has the same history as him.
6. Heritage History
The patient said he did not have drug or food allergies.4.
 PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
• General state
Conscious patient, can walk and be able to
carry out activities
• Vital signs
– Blood pressure : 100/70 mmhg
– Pulse : 70 x / minutes
– Breathing : 18 x / minutes
– Body temperature : 36,5 degrees Celsius
– Body weight before illness : 55 kg
– Weight after illness : 50 kg
• Daily habits
Eating and drinking patterns
– Eat 1x / day half portion
– Drink when eating and before sleep 3
glasses of mineral water
• Self care
– Body hygiene : clean
– Dental and oral hygiene : lacking
– Nail and hand hygiene : enough
• Pattern of elimination
– Defecation: 2x / day
– Urination: 3x / day
DATA ANALYSIS
No Data analysis Etiology Problem
1 Subjective data : Stomach acid increases Nutritional deficit
The patient says nausea vomiting and no
appetite Inflammation of the gastric
mucosa
Objective data:
1. The patient has nausea and vomiting Nausea and vomiting
2. The patient does not want to eat
3. Eat 1x / day half portion Appetite decreases
4. Weight after 50 kg of illness (before getting
55 kg) Nutritional deficit
 NURSING DIAGNOSES

Nutritional deficits associated with nutritional

intake are insufficient to meet metabolic needs
NURSING INTERVENTION
No Intervention Outcome Rational
Criteria

1 1. Discuss foods that patients like 1. Adequate intake of 1. Increase lust eat
2. Recommend resting before eating nutrients 2. To limit nutrition input
3. Recommend eating a little but 2. Maintain normal 3. Calming down peristalsis
often weight and energy to eat
4. Recommend eating foods in 3. Tolerate the 4. Avoid the occurrence of
warm form recommended diet nausea
4. Show a regular diet
NURSING IMPLEMENTATION
No Implementation Evaluation
1 S : The client said appetite slightly increases and
1. Teach diet healthy life like eating on
nausea and vomiting decrease
time.
O:
2. Discuss with clients possible cause loss
- The food portion is not used up, 3 spoons are left
of appetite - 50 kg body weight

3. Discuss the foods you like patient

A : The problem has not been resolved
4. recommend eating food in warm form
P : Interventions are continued in points 3, 4, 5, 6
5. Advise rest before eat
6. Encourage eating a little but often
MAY BE USEFUL : )