FYP Progress Presentation 14/10/2016

COMPUTATIONAL FLUILD DYNAMIC (CFD)

ANALYSIS ON SEDIMENT TRANSPORT
CHARACTERISTIC GENERATED BY PROPELLER
By
TAN SHENG AN
(S38005)

Supervisor;
Prof. Madya Ir. Dr. Eng. Ahmad Fitriadhy

PROGRAMME OF MARITIME TECHNOLOGY

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UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA TERENGGANU 1
 FYP Progress Presentation 14/10/2016

Presentation Outline:
• Research Overview
• Objectives
• Progress Achievement
• Discussion of results
• Conclusion
• References

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Research Overview

• In recent years, there has been an increase in the use of powerful engines along with
large diameter propeller for global maritime trade. Consequently the propeller jet velocities
have increased considerably, causing seabed scouring [1] Severe erosion could occur on
the bed or bank of navigation channels and around harbor structures[2]
• Several computational fluid dynamics(CFD) simulations are conducted to investigate the
effect of number of propeller’s blade, Under Keel Clearance(UKC) and propeller
speed(RPM) on the sediment resuspension of seabed to assist engineers in designing the
protection structure and bathymetry level at harbor.

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 FYP Progress Presentation 14/10/2016

Research Overview
Sediment Scour: Entrainment
• Sediment grains of species n are lifeted from the bed and entrained by turbulent eddies
• Scour process is driven by the bed shear stress, 𝜏0
• Threshold or incipient motion is evaluated using the non-dimensional Critical Shields Parameter, 𝜏∗c
• Entrainment of species n occurs when 𝜏0 exceed some empirically-determined critical value for
dimensionless shear stress, 𝜏∗c
• For entrainment, the velocity at which the grains leave the packed bed is the lifting velocity and is
calculated based on the equation below

where αn is the entrainment coefficient

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 FYP Progress Presentation 14/10/2016

Objectives
No Objectives Progress
1. To analyze the effect of propeller’s RPM on sediment transport 75%

characteristic
2. To investigate the impact of Under Keel Clearance(UKC) on 50%

sediment transport characteristic

3. To study the number of propeller’s blade influence on sediment 25%

transport characteristic

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 FYP Progress Presentation 14/10/2016

Objectives Pre-Analysis Phase(FLOW-3D)

No
• Determine the problem statement 1.Model Setup in Flow-3D
• Identify the objective and study scope
• General
• Collect information for literature review
• Physics Validated
• Fluids
Design and Modelling Phase 2. Meshing and Geometry
• Design the propeller using CAD software • Import model in stl format Yes
• Generation of Mesh Cartesian : Nested
Mesh method
• Setup boundary condition for each plane:
X, Y and Z Analysis Phase
Parametric Studies • Analyze result(2D, 3D, Probe)
• Initial condition setting
• Set up the parametric studies based on the • Mesh Independent Study
objective:
3. Simulation
-Revolution Per Minutes(RPM)
• Initiate pre-process analysis to determine
-Under Keel Clearance(UKC)
existence of errors Post-Processing Phase(CF-View)
-Number of Propeller’s Blades
• Proceed to simulation running • Microsoft Excel Graph
• FlowSight

Final Report

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 FYP Progress Presentation 14/10/2016

Progress Achievement
75%

Objective 1:To analyze the effect of propeller’s RPM on sediment transport characteristic
Geometrical Full Scale Model Scale
• Geometry Parameters
Suction Side Diameter(mm) 3650 120
Pressure Side
Blades AE/AO 0.695 0.695
Hub P/D 1.013 1.013
Trailing Edge Pitch(mm) 3697.45 121.56
Leading Edge

Figure 1. Propeller Geometry Scale 1:30.42

Orientation Right-Handed Rotation
Table 1. Geometrical Table

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 FYP Progress Presentation 14/10/2016

Progress Achievement
75%

Objective 1:To analyze the effect of propeller’s RPM on sediment transport characteristic
General Tab
• Run time is set at 20seconds
Meshing and Geometry Simulation is run on 3
• Packed sediment was generated
• A 4-blades propeller in stl format
different rotational RPM Clearanc Progress
is imported into flow-3D and set speed at a constant e
Physic Tab
as prescribed motion object clearance of z=0.5D
• Activate General Moving • Cartesian mesh using nested 400 z=0.5D Completed
Object Model(GMO):Explicit
block method with a cell size (where D is the scale
• Activate Sediment Scour 500 z=0.5D Running
Model- Sand with diameter of
ratio 4:1 (0.0042:0.00105) propeller)
• Total mesh cell: 1011120
0.34mm and density of
• Boundary Condition 600 z=0.5D Completed
1600kg/m3
-Inlet: Specific Pressure
• Activated viscous flow using a
-Outlet: Outflow
RNG model -Y-Min & Y-Max: Specific Pressure
-Z-Max: Specific Pressure
-Z-Min: Wall
Fluid Tab • Initial Condition: Hydrostatic
• Fresh water with density of 1000kg/m3, pressure using fluid elevation
viscosity of 0.001kg/m/s and • Several stationary fluid probe
compressibility of 1x10-5 1/Pa are placed in area of interest

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 FYP Progress Presentation 14/10/2016

Progress Achievement
75%

Objective 1:Gantt Chart

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75%

Progress Achievement
Objective 1:Tabulation of result with Propeller’s Speed of 400RPM and 600RPM
RPM Location at Maximum RPM Location at Maximum RPM Location at Maximum
X-axis SSC(g/L) X-axis SSC(g/L) X-axis SSC(g/L)
400 0.1L 1.93x10-5 400 0.1L 3.24x10-9 400 0.1L 2.12x10-8
600 0.1L 2.29x10-2 600 0.1L 1.35x10-6 600 0.1L 5.58x10-6
400 0.15L 5.87x10-3 400 0.15L 2.59x10-8 400 0.15L 4.46x10-8
600 0.15L 1.15x10-2 600 0.15L 7.44x10-6 600 0.15L 1.12x10-5
400 0.2L 2.45x10-4 400 0.2L 1.21x10-6 400 0.2L 4.55x10-8
600 0.2L 3.29x10-3 600 0.2L 5.72x10-5 600 0.2L 6.98x10-6

Table 3,4 and 5 show the maximum suspended sediment concentration (SSC) along x-axis at elevation of 0.33T(left), 0.67T(middle) and 1.0T (right) above seabed

Overally, the maximum SSC are higher at the elevation of 0.33T compare to 0.67T and 1.0T. Most of the
SSC observations in open-channel flow, the maximum SSC is located near the surface of the sand bed
with it gradually decreasing toward the water surface. Generally, the magnitude of the sediment
concentration and the sediment transportation characteristic at any point are closely related.[3]

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 FYP Progress Presentation 14/10/2016

Progress Achievement
75%

Objective 1:To analyze the effect of propeller’s RPM on sediment transport characteristic

The graph shown the suspended

sediment concentration(SSC) at
several location with different
revolution speed . The SSC at any
level in the water column will
decreases with time after reaching
the peak SSC. It is also observed that
SSC are higher at 600 RPM compare
to 400 RPM. For a condition with
same propeller diameter, sediment
size, and offset height, the scour
depth increases with an increase in
propeller speed.[4]

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 FYP Progress Presentation 14/10/2016

Progress Achievement
75%

Objective 1:Figure of the result

Suspended Sediment Concentration at revolution speed of 400RPM

Suspended Sediment Concentration at revolution speed of 600RPM

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 FYP Progress Presentation 14/10/2016

Progress Achievement
75%

Objective 1:Figure of the result

Packed sediment elevation change at revolution speed of 400RPM

Packed sediment elevation change at revolution speed of 600RPM

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 FYP Progress Presentation 14/10/2016

Progress Achievement
75%

Objective 1:Figure of the result

Suspended Sediment Concentration at revolution speed of 400RPM(left) and 600RPM(right)

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 FYP Progress Presentation 14/10/2016

Progress Achievement
50%

Objective 2: To investigate the impact of Under Keel Clearance(UKC) on sediment transport characteristic
General Tab Meshing and Geometry
• Run time is set at 20seconds • Packed sediment was generated Simulation is run on 3
• A 4-blades propeller in stl format
is imported into flow-3D and set
different clearance of z=
RPM Clearance Status
Physic Tab as prescribed motion object 0.25D, 0.5D and 0.75D
• Activate General Moving • Cartesian mesh using nested (where D is the scale 500 z=0.25D Completed
Object Model(GMO):Explicit block method with a cell size
• Activate Sediment Scour ratio 4:1 (0.0042:0.00105) propeller diameter, 500 z=0.5D Running
Model- Sand with diameter of • Total mesh cell: different for each 0.12meter) at constant
0.34mm and density of UKC
revolution speed using 500 z=0.75D -
1600kg/m3 • Boundary Condition
• Activated viscous flow using a -Inlet: Specific Pressure 4-blades propeller
RNG model -Outlet: Outflow
-Y-Min & Y-Max: Specific Pressure
-Z-Max: Specific Pressure
-Z-Min: Wall
Fluid Tab • Initial Condition: Hydrostatic
• Fresh water with density of pressure using fluid elevation
1000kg/m3, viscosity of 0.001kg/m/s • Several stationary fluid probe
and compressibility of 1x10-5 1/Pa are placed in area of interest

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z= 0.25(red),0.5(yellow) and 1.0(green)
 FYP Progress Presentation 14/10/2016

Progress Achievement
50%

Objective 2: To investigate the impact of Under Keel Clearance(UKC) on sediment transport characteristic

The graph shown the suspended

sediment concentration(SSC) in
several location at a clearance of
z=0.25D(upper) and z=0.5D(lower) .
In general, the SSC at lower
clearance(z=0.25D) is higher than
the higher clearance (z=0.5D)
At lower clearance(z=0.25),
propeller jet require the least travel
distance to reach the surface of soil
bed. Hence the forces have the
least decay value, which implied the
largest erosive power when it
impinged towards the soil bed.[3]

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 FYP Progress Presentation 14/10/2016

Progress Achievement
25%

Objective 3: To study the number of propeller’s blade influence on sediment transport characteristic
General Tab
Meshing and Geometry
• Run time is set at 20seconds
• Packed sediment was generated Simulation is run using 3-blades,
• A 4-blades propeller in stl format
4-blades and 5-blades propeller
is imported into flow-3D and set
Physic Tab
as prescribed motion object at constant revolution
• Activate General Moving • Cartesian mesh using nested
Object Model(GMO):Explicit
speed(500RPM) and constant
block method with a cell size
• Activate Sediment Scour ratio 4:1 (0.0042:0.00105)
clearance, z=0.5D(where D is the
Model- Sand with diameter of propeller’s diameter)
• Total mesh cell: 1011120
0.34mm and density of
• Boundary Condition
1600kg/m3
-Inlet: Specific Pressure
• Activated viscous flow using a Number RPM Clearance Progress
-Outlet: Outflow
RNG model -Y-Min & Y-Max: Specific Pressure of Blades
-Z-Max: Specific Pressure
-Z-Min: Wall 3-blades 500 z=0.5D -
Fluid Tab • Initial Condition: Hydrostatic
• Fresh water with density of pressure using fluid elevation 4-blades 500 z=0.5D Running
1000kg/m3, viscosity of 0.001kg/m/s • Several stationary fluid probe
and compressibility of 1x10-5 1/Pa are placed in area of interest 5-blades 500 z=0.5D -

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 FYP Progress Presentation 14/10/2016

Progress Achievement
25%

Objective 3: To study the number of propeller’s blade influence on sediment transport characteristic

Figure above are 3-blades(right), 4-blades(middle) and 5-blades propeller used for
each simulation respectively

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 FYP Progress Presentation 14/10/2016

Progress Achievement
25%

Objective 3: To study the number of propeller’s blade influence on sediment transport characteristic

Graph above show the SSC at area of interest using 4-blades propeller. Propeller
with more blades having higher thrust efficiency KT compare to propeller with
lesser number of blades at the same RPM[5]. It is expect that 5-blades propeller
causes more critical scouring compare to 4-blades and 3-blades.

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Conclusion
• Objective 1
The increase in propeller revolution speed(RPM) was proportional to the suspended
sediment concentration
• Objective 2
Still in process, will complete on end of October.
• Objective 3
Still in process, will complete before mid of November

It is expect that all simulation will be complete before end of November and the thesis
writing will complete around middle of December

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 FYP Progress Presentation 17/10/2016

References
• R.I. TAN, YUKSEL Y., CELIKOGLU Y(2018) Seabed scour induced by a propeller jet,
Esenler: Department of Civil Engineering, Yıldız Technical University.
• HONG. J.H, CHIEW Y.M, CHENG N.S.(2013). Scour Caused by a Propeller Jet. Journal
of Hydraulic Engineering, DOI: 10.1061/(asce)hy.1943-7900.0000746.
• YEW W.T. (2017). SEABED SCOUR INDUCED BY TWIN-PROPELLER SHIPS. Faculty of
Engineering, University of Malaya.
• HONG. J.H, CHIEW Y.M, Hsieh S.C, CHENG N.S.(2015). Propeller Jet–Induced
Suspended-Sediment Concentration. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, DOI:
10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0001103
• Leong K.S(2018). Hydrodynamic Analysis of Propeller Using Computational Fluid
Dynamic (CFD). School of Ocean Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu

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