ABORTION &

PRENATAL TESTING
TUTOR 24
NPM NAMA

130110132048 Naren S Odaiyappan

130110140030 Pia Hadianti D

130110140035 Rahmaniyah Syifaah

130110140040 Ivan Albert

130110140070 Nadia Syifa

130110140095 Rani Pramita

130110140099 Wa’el Jaidi

130110140135 Sari Angraini

130110140164 Nadya Tripuspa B

130110140175 Ilham Bagas S.

130110140178 Nur’aini Jamilatul B.

What’s prenatal screening?

Prenatal screening currently offers three types of

screening tests to pregnant women in order to
identify individuals who are at increased risk for
carrying a fetus with a specific birth defect:
Quad Marker Screening - One blood specimen
drawn at 15 weeks - 20 weeks of pregnancy
(second trimester test).
Serum Integrated Screening - Combines a first
trimester blood test screening result (10 weeks-13
weeks 6 days) with a second trimester blood test
screening result (15 weeks-20 weeks).
Sequential Integrated Screening - Combines first and
second blood test results with Nuchal
Translucency (NT) ultrasound results. This type of
ultrasound is done by clinicians with special
training. It measures the back of the fetus' neck.
Prenatal screening provides a woman with
her own risk of having a child with:
 Down syndrome (also called trisomy 21)
 Trisomy 18 and
 Open Spina Bifida (open neural tube defects).
Each woman starts with a risk of having a child with a
chromosome abnormality (chromosomes are explained
under 'Conditions Screened') based on her age at the
time of delivery. Screening adjusts this risk, either
lowering or raising the risk based on the substances
measured in the blood and/or measurements taken
during the ultrasound.
Prenatal screening tests cannot tell you for sure whether or
not your baby has one of these three conditions, only
the chance of it.
Ethical dilemma in prenatal
screening
Identification of groups of women, their
partners, who will react with extensive
feeling of vulnerability to finding
concerning severe abnormalities of
the fetus is difficult.
According to psychoanalytic studies, severe depression may be
expected as reaction after terminating of the pregnancy or its
continuation and the birth of severely handicapped child.
However,some of women do not suffer long term adverse effect.
Most important to study ethical
dilemma
 Help to create greater awareness of, and sensitivity of these
dilemma
 Develope strategies and therapeutic tools for women and their
partners to make them deal with the problematic consequence.
The discrimination objection to prenatal diagnosis and selective
abortion, in both its slippery slope and conceptual forms, does not
provide a conclusive argument against prenatal diagnosis and
selective abortion. Discrimination against people with disabilities is
neither an inevitable result of prenatal diagnosis, nor is it a necessary
conceptual part of it. However, the objection does make clear the
potential for significant negative effects on people with disabilities,
and it would be morally wrong to dismiss these as trivial or irrelevant. If
prenatal diagnosis is to proceed in an ethically acceptable way,
these negative effects must be recognised, acknowledged and
countered as far as possible.
Hippocrates Oath

 Similarly I will not give to a woman a pessary to cause an abortion.

But I will keep pure and holy both my life and my art. I will not use
the knife, not even, verily, on sufferers from stone, but I will give
place to such as are craftsmen therein.

SUMPAH DOKTER INDONESIA

 Saya akan menghormati setiap hidup insani mulai dari saat
pembuahan
The Universal Declaration of Human
Rights
Article 3

Everyone has the right to life,

liberty and security of person.
Pros of Abortion Based on Prenatal
Screening
 In some cases, the problems an unborn baby could have are able to
be rectified before birth. In these cases, knowing whether or not a
genetic defect allows health practitioners to correct the problem, or at
least prepare for it so they can prepare for surgery or get a treatment
plan devised prior to the baby's birth.
 Though not the most popular choice among new parents, prenatal
genetic testing gives parents to option to terminate the pregnancy if
they know they are unable to take on the responsibilities, both physical
and emotional, of a baby with genetic abnormalities. Many parents
actually do opt for an abortion due to the fact that they do not want to
see their child suffer.
 Those who choose not to undergo an abortion, can benefit from this
testing because it will allow them to prepare for a baby with genetic
abnormalities. Once the testing is complete, the parents can talk to
their doctors and go through counseling to help them prepare and
make hard decisions.
Cons of Abortion Based on
Prenatal Screening
 Some people are simply against genetic testing and feel that it
creates anxiety due to the results. Just because the unborn baby
must have a genetic mutation, doesn't mean the baby will definitely
have an issue. This leads to testing accuracy and the fact that it is
not 100 percent.
 Others feel that aborting a baby, regardless of their potential of
being born with genetic abnormalities, is simply not right. Various
religious groups believe that no human has this power.
 Another con of prenatal genetic testing is the cost. This testing is
very expensive and not all insurance companies are prepared to
cover the costs.
What do you think when abortion
based on prenatal screening result
showing that the fetus bring gene
variants related to Autism???
Letting a baby with autism gene to be delivered
means that we let people to live as an autist.
This might make them and their parent’s suffer.
But however,taking someone’s life is not
acceptable because it violates the doctor’s oath.
Aborting means killing,while a doctor’s job is to
save lives.
In addition,abortion can threat the mother’s life.
Instead of aborting the baby, abortion can also
cause the mother die.
2 Professional Values Violated
When Abortion due to Bad
Prenatal Screening Result is Done?
1. Respect : Aborting a baby means aborting one’s life. Therefore we
fail to respect one’s life and their right to live.
Even if the baby has autism gene, it’s not acceptable for us to
disrespect their life. As a doctor we should respect every human being
no matter who they are,what they are.

2. Accountability
A doctor has made an oath to save and respect every lives, therefore
they should implement it in their practice to not do abortion