DIFFUSIVITY OF FOOD COLORING

THROUGH DIFFERENT MEDIA

PREPARED BY:
AMY BINTI ZULKIFLI JASMIN (2016551845)
DAYANA IMAN BINTI AZMINUDDIN (2016706663)
ANIS MUNIBAH BINTI AHMAD KAILANI (2016341083)
ZAHIRUL AMIRAH BINTI MOHAMAD TAHIR (2016728155)
TENGKU MUHAMMAD AMIRUL ASHRAF BIN TENGKU NASIR (2016565633)
 INTRODUCTION
•   Diffusion is one of the processes of mass transfer that is defined as the net movement of
particles from a higher concentrated region to a lower concentrated region. Diffusivity is the rate
of diffusion. The study of diffusivity often, related to Fick’s law. Fick's laws of diffusion describe
diffusion and were derived by Adolf Fick in 1855. They can be used to solve for the diffusion
coefficient, D. Fick’s Law of binary diffusion can be expressed as equation below.
 FACTORS THAT AFFECT THE
DIFFUSIVITY(RATE OF DIFFUSION
• CONCENTRATION GRADIENT
• MEDIUM WHERE DIFFUSION OCCURS
• DENSITY
• TEMPERATURE
 EXPERIMENT

In order to study the phenomena of diffusivity, a simple experiment was

conducted. The experiment was to study the diffusivity of food coloring
through three different media which were (water, sanitizer, jelly). The diffusion
process through all the media was carefully observed and several data was
recorded.
MATERIAL USED

• Drinking water
• Food dye
• Hand sanitizer
• Syringe
• Ruler
• Jelly powder
• Plastic paper
 PROCEDURE

1. Three type of solution was prepared (water, sanitizer, jelly)

2. A circle with radius of 0.8 & 1.8 was drawn on a piece of plastic paper.
3. Drop of each solution was placed to fit the radius of circle that has been
drawn.
4. Food dye was injected and time was recorded until the dye completely
diffuse throughout the droplet.
WATER
HAND SANITIZER
JELLY
 OBSERVATION

It is found that in water, the diffusion occurred in just a short time, followed
by sanitizer, and finally jelly, where the dye took the longest time to diffuse.
 RESULT
FOR RADIUS 0.8

wate Sanitiz Jelly

r er
 FOR RADIUS 1.8

wate Sanitiz Jelly

r er
 TIME TAKEN FOR DYE DIFFUSION

Material Time taken for radius=0.8 Time taken for radius

(min) radius=1.8 (min)
Water 8.3333 27
Hand sanitizer 243 450
Jelly 420 940
GRAPH
 DISCUSSION

• The main difference between the three media is the composition.

• Water is a pure liquid, where the molecules are few and are not too close to one another, making it
easy for the dye molecules to travel through the water in between these spaces rapidly and disperse
throughout the medium.
• The sanitizer is observed to appear more viscous than water, implying that there are more molecules
within the medium or the molecules are larger in size than the water molecules. this inhibits the rate
of diffusion of dye throughout the sanitizer. Therefore, the diffusivity of dye is lower in the sanitizer
than that of water.
• The jelly is categorized as both a liquid and a solid. It maintains a shape and is sturdy, making its
composition of molecules compact and extremely close to each other, otherwise very dense. When
the dye is injected in the jelly, it took the longest time out of all the media to disperse. This is due to
the tightly-packed jelly molecules with very little space in between, making it difficult for the dye
molecules to diffuse throughout the jelly.
 CONCLUSION

From the result we gained we can conclude that water has the faster rate
of ink diffusion compared to jelly and hand sanitizer where jelly was the
slowest rate compared to the rest. Ink diffuses in water because of the random
motion of water and ink molecules. On a large scale, we don’t see the
individual molecules moving. Instead we see how dark the ink was at different
points in the solution, which actually indicates its concentration. We can see
the ink move from areas of higher concentration to those of lower
concentration, and the rate of this movement is proportional to the diffusion
coefficient of the ink in water.