Least Power Point Tracking Method

For Photovoltaic Differential Power

Processing Systems
 CONTENTS
• Abstract
• Grid connected to PV systems
• Types of Grid connected to PV systems
• Problems with Grid connected to PV systems
• Differential Power Processing
• Circuit diagram of DPP
• Least Power Point Tracking
• LPPT algorithm
• MPPT algorithm
• conclusion
 ABSTRACT
• The proposed implementation is based on differential power processing
systems , that are a promising architecture for future photovoltaic power
systems.
• To achieve high system efficiency through processing a faction of the full
PV power while achieving distributed local maximum power point
tracking.
• In the PV to PV bus DPP architecture, the power processed through the
DPP converters depends on the string current which must be controlled to
minimize the power processed through the DPP converters.
• A real time least power point tracking method is proposed to minimize
power stress on PV DPP converters
GRID CONNECTED PV SYSTEMS
 Grid connected PV systems always have a connection to the public
electricity grid via a suitable inverter because a photovoltaic panel
or array (multiple PV panels) only deliver DC power. As well as the
solar panels, the additional components that make up a grid
connected PV system compared to a stand alone PV system are:
• Inverter
• Electric meter
• Ac breaker panel and fuses
• Safety switches and cabling
Types of grid connected PV systems
Problems with Grid connected to PV systems:
Despite its huge theoretical potential, photovoltaics high penetration is
hindered by certain technical constraints.
• Voltage fluctuation in feeder, consist of voltage rise or fall and
unbalanced voltage.
• Malfunction operation of voltage regulation equipment such as on
load tap changer, line voltage regulators and capacitor banks.
• Possibility of overload in distribution feeders.
• Variation of reactive power flow due to malfunction operation of
capacitor bank devices.
• Malfunction operation of overcurrent and overvoltage protection
devices.
• Islanding operation and islanding detection in case of grid
disconnection.
• Reliability and security of the distribution system.
 DIFFERENTIAL POWER PROCESSING
• The DPP PV architecture has been proposed to achieve the same
level of independent PV panel control as the MIC architecture,
while reducing the manufacturing cost and size of the converters .
• The DPP architecture can be thought of as a hybrid of the multi-
string and the module distributed architecture.
• PV panels are connected directly in series and multiple DPP
converters are connected in shunt around the PV modules to allow
power to be bypassed around the PVs, based on their mismatch
level.
• The majority of the PV power goes through the PV series
connection and only the differential power, caused by PV mismatch,
is processed through the converters.
• Typically, both ends of the PV string and the DPP converters’ output
are connected to a central .
Circuit diagram of PV power system
using PV bus DPP converters
PV bus DPP architecture power
processing converters
 Least Power Point Tracking:
• Differential power processing systems are a promising architecture for
future photovoltaic power systems that achieve high system efficiency
through processing a faction of the full PV power, while achieving
distributed local maximum power point tracking .
• In the PV-to-bus DPP architecture, the power processed through the DPP
converters depends on the string current, which must be controlled to
minimize the power processed through the DPP converters.
• A real-time least power point tracking (LPPT) method is proposed to
minimize power stress on PV DPP converters.
• Mathematical analysis shows the uniqueness of the least power point for
the total power processed through the system.
• The DPP converters to maintain optimal operating conditions, while
reducing the total power loss and converter stress.
• This work validates through simulation and experimentation that LPPT in
the string-level converter successfully operates with MPPT in the DPP
converters to maximize output power for the PV to bus architecture.
LPPT ALGORITHM
MPPT ALGORITHM
Simulation