EAR HISTOLOGY

RATNA FITRI R.
HISTOLOGY LABORATORY
UNISSULA

July 7, 2019
 Learning Outcome
2

 Explain histology structure of external and middle

ear, and the functions as well.
 Explain histology structure of internal ear, both hear
and balance organs, and the functions as well.
 Able to use microscope properly to identify specific
tissues and parts of ear.

July 7, 2019
 Correlation with previous theme
3

 Modul Mikroskop dan Jaringan Dasar

 Modul Biopsikososiokultural
 Modul Muskuloskeletal
 Modul Kardiovaskular
 Modul Saraf

July 7, 2019
Macroscopy
4

July 7, 2019
Functions
5

 Hearing:
 Collects sound and directs it down the ear canal to the
thympanic membrane
 Converts sound pressure wave into mechanical motion of
the thympanic membrane
 Converts mechanical vibrations to electrical impulses

 Balance:
 Perception of head and body motion

July 7, 2019
 Three parts of the ear
6

 The external ear:

 Auricle (pinna)
 External acoustic meatus

 The middle ear (tymphanic cavity):

 Three auditory ossicles
 Communicate the nasopharynx via eustachian tube

 The inner ear

 Has special receptors for hearing and maintenance of
equilibrium
 Bony labyrinth contains perilymph
 Membranous labyrinth contains endolymph

July 7, 2019
7 July 7, 2019
Downloaded from: StudentConsult (on 15 June 2011 09:16 AM)
© 2005 Elsevier
External Ear
9

July 7, 2019
10 July 7, 2019
Downloaded from: StudentConsult (on 20 June 2011 07:20 AM)
© 2005 Elsevier
11 July 7, 2019
12 July 7, 2019
 Ceruminous Gland
13

 Modified sweat gland

 Secrete waxy material which contains proteins and
peptides:
 Beta defensin 1
 Beta defensin 2
 Cathelicidine
Defense
 Lysozyme
Mechanism
 Lactoferrin
 MUC1
 Secretory component of IgA

July 7, 2019
 Ceruminous Gland
14

 How it secrete it’s production?

 The apical part of the cell cytoplasm surrounded by a
membrane is pinched off
Image
 Cerumen is composed of:
Secrete from ceruminous glands + sebum + dead epithelial
cells
 Cerumen protects against pathogen and infection
 Hydrophobic

 Acidic

July 7, 2019
Tympanic Membrane
15

July 7, 2019
 Tympanic Membrane Histology – cont’d
16

 Diameter ±10 mm, 80 micrometers in thickness

 Pars tensa
 Pars flaccida / Shrapnell’s Membrane

 Epithel luar : Squamous Compleks berKeratin. Epithelial turnover nya
berawal dari umbo menujuke tepi.
 Lamina propria : jaringan ikat longgar berisi collagen fibers (tipe II) dan
elastin fibers, berjalan sirkumferen dan radial (sperti jarring laba-laba).
Kandungan kolagen tipe II (seperti pada kartilago) membuat TM menjadi
kaku .
Penghubung epitel dalam maupun luar terhadap lamina propria adalah
membrane basalis (jaringan ikat sub-epidermal)
 Epitel dalam : The mucosal layer is composed of squamous cells (Lim,
1970), which is water resistant. Thus, it protects from bacteria and other
harmful substances. The mucosal layer of the tympanic membrane is also a
continuation of the mucosal layer which lines the tympanic cavity of the
inner ear (Heine, 2004).

-Lim, “Human Tympanic Membrane an Ultrastructural Observation”, Acta Otolaryng, 70: 176-186, 1970
- Heine, Patricia A., “Anatomy of the Ear”, Vet CLin Small Anim, 34: 379-395, 2004 July 7, 2019
 Tympanic Membrane Histology – cont’d
17

Jarvis, “Tympanic membrane”, 1996, medical-

dictionary.thefreedictionary.com
July 7, 2019
 Tympanic Membrane Histology
18

Medicine Decoded, “External Ear Anatomy”, 2009,

http://lessons4medicos.blogspot.com/2008/06/external-ear-
anatomy.html
July 7, 2019
Cross sectional drawing of the pars tensa
of the human tympanic membrane.
19

Drawing by Nancy Sally (Lim, 1995)

July 7, 2019
Tympanic Quadrant and Collagen Fiber
20

July 7, 2019
 Eardrum anatomy and microstructure.

Fay J P et al. PNAS 2006;103:19743-19748

21 July 7, 2019
©2006 by National Academy of Sciences
Now, which side of ears is this? Divide this TM
image into quadrants!
22

July 7, 2019
Middle Ear
23

July 7, 2019
24 July 7, 2019
Downloaded from: StudentConsult (on 20 June 2011 07:20 AM)
© 2005 Elsevier
Inner Ear
25

July 7, 2019
 The inner ear
26
 Vibrations are transduced by hair cells into specific nerve
impulses via N. VIII
 Has specialized sensory areas:
 Cristae ampullaris
 Maculae
 Organ of corti
 Histologic plan
 Receptor (sensory) hair cell
 Supporting cell
 Afferent and efferent nerve endings at the bases of hair cell
connected to a ganglion
 A gelatinous glycoprotein coat in contact with endolymph and
associated with stereocilia of the hair cells.

July 7, 2019
Downloaded from: StudentConsult (on 20 June 2011 07:20 AM)
© 2005 Elsevier
27 July 7, 2019
 Endolymph vs Perilymph
28

 Endolymph
 Resemble intracellular fluid (High Potassium Low Natrium)

 Produced by Stria Vascularis

 Ended in Endolymph sac

 Perilymph
 Similar to CSF

 The Sources *):

 influx of CSF through the cochlear aqueduct (22%)
 blood flow dependent local production within the cochlea (78%)

*) Kellerhals B., Acta Otolaryngol. 1979 Mar-Apr;87(3-4):370-4. Link

July 7, 2019
 The organ of corti
29

 The sensory epithelium of the coclea

 Formed by:
 Inner and outer hair cell
 A single line of inner hair cell
 Three parallel rows of outer hair cell
 A hair bundle formed by 50-150 stere0cilia (No kinocilium)

 Supporting cells
 Tectorial membrane
 Inner tunnel

July 7, 2019
30

July 7, 2019
The inner ear
31

July 7, 2019
32 July 7, 2019
Downloaded from: StudentConsult (on 20 June 2011 07:20 AM)
© 2005 Elsevier
Figure 6-40 Low-magnification view of the cochlea showing the scala vestibuli, Reissner's membrane, cochlear duct (scala media), scala tympani, spiral ganglion, and
spiral ligament.

33 July 7, 2019
Downloaded from: StudentConsult (on 15 June 2011 09:16 AM)
© 2005 Elsevier
34 July 7, 2019
Downloaded from: StudentConsult (on 20 June 2011 07:20 AM)
© 2005 Elsevier
taken from Sherwood, 2014

35 July 7, 2019
taken from Sherwood, 2014

36 July 7, 2019
taken from Sherwood, 2014

37 July 7, 2019
ORGAN OF CORTI VIDEO

38 July 7, 2019
Figure 6-34 Diagram of the inner ear showing the utricle, saccule, the semicircular canals that join the utricle at swellings called ampullae, and the cochlear duct. (Modified
from Kierszenbaum A. Histology and Cell Biology. Philadelphia, Mosby, 2002, p 253.)

39 July 7, 2019
Downloaded from: StudentConsult (on 15 June 2011 09:16 AM)
© 2005 Elsevier
 VESTIBULAR RECEPTORS :
CRISTA AMPULLARIS AND MACULA
40

 CRISTA
 Two types of hair cell :
 Type I  resemble with inner hair cell
 Type II
 Innervated at the base by afferent and efeerent nerve terminal
 Surface of hair cell : a kinocilium and 40-80 stereocilia
 Stereocilia embedded in cupula
 Supporting cells
 MACULA
  conform to the same histologic plan but have different sense
 The gelatinous otolitic membrane. Calcium carbonate crystals make
up the otoconia, which are resuspended on the top of otholitic
membrane.

July 7, 2019
Crista Ampularis
41

July 7, 2019
Macula
42

July 7, 2019
43 July 7, 2019
Downloaded from: StudentConsult (on 20 June 2011 07:20 AM)
© 2005 Elsevier
44 July 7, 2019
Downloaded from: StudentConsult (on 15 June 2011 09:16 AM)
© 2005 Elsevier

47 July 7, 2019
48 July 7, 2019
49 July 7, 2019
Downloaded from: StudentConsult (on 20 June 2011 07:20 AM)
© 2005 Elsevier
 Allah Says in Qur’an
50

QS. Al-A’raf : 179

‫وب ََّّل يَ ْفقَ ُهونَ ِب َها َولَ ُه ْم أ َ ْعيُ ٌن ََّّل‬ ٌ ُ‫نس ۖ لَ ُه ْم قُل‬
ِ ‫اْل‬ ً ‫َولَقَ ْد ذَ َرأْنَا ِل َج َهنَّ َم َك ِث‬
ِْ ‫يرا ِمنَ ْال ِج ِن َو‬
‫ض ُّل أُولَئِ َك‬ َ َ ‫ون ِب َها ۚ أُولَئِ َك َك ْاْل َ ْنعَ ِام بَ ْل ُه ْم أ‬َ ُ‫س َمع‬ ٌ َ‫ْص ُرونَ ِب َها َولَ ُه ْم آذ‬
ْ َ‫ان اَّل ي‬ ِ ‫يُب‬
َ‫ُه ُم ْالغَافِلُون‬
And We have certainly created for Hell many of the jinn and mankind. They have
hearts with which they do not understand, they have eyes with which they do not
see, and they have ears with which they do not hear. Those are like
livestock; rather, they are more astray. It is they who are the heedless.

July 7, 2019
QS. Al Insaan:2

QS. As Sajadah:9

51 July 7, 2019
QS. Al Ahqaaf:26

52 July 7, 2019
 53

 Elsevier’s integrated histology

 Netters essential histology
 Histology and cell biology : An introduction to
patthology
 Basic Histology Junqueira 14th edition
 Human Physiology, L. Sherwood 9th edition
 Al Qur’anul Kariim

July 7, 2019
 54

Alhamdulillah…

July 7, 2019
This page is intentionally left blank

55 July 7, 2019
This page is intentionally left blank

56 July 7, 2019