GROUP 4

Abante, Johnny Jendl L.

Coloma, Cynthia R.
Reyes, Jen Lynet D.

COLOR CODING &

TESTING OF RESISTORS
Introduction
• The property of a circuit that opposes current is called RESISTANCE.
• Electrical components that are manufactured with this property in
mind are called RESISTORS.
• The resistor is a passive electrical component to create resistance in
the flow of electric current.
• An ohm is the resistance that occurs when a current of one ampere
passes through a resistor with a one volt drop across its terminals.
The current is proportional to the voltage across the terminal ends.
This ratio is represented by Ohm’s law (R = V / I).
Introduction
• Resistors operate on the principle that energy can be neither
created or destroyed, only changed from one state to
another.
• A resistor is made of a material that has a specific amount of
resistance to current flow.
• UNIT OF MEASURE: Resistors are selected for the amount of
resistance they posses. This value is measured in Ohm’s (Ω).
The amount of resistance can range from just a fraction of
an Ohm (Ω) to millions of Ohm’s.
Introduction
• Resistors operate on the principle that energy can be neither created or
destroyed, only changed from one state to another.
• A resistor is made of a material that has a specific amount of resistance to
current flow.
• UNIT OF MEASURE: Resistors are selected for the amount of resistance
they posses. This value is measured in Ohm’s (Ω). The amount of
resistance can range from just a fraction of an Ohm (Ω) to millions of
Ohm’s.
• The Omega symbol (Ω) is used to illustrate the amount of resistance in
Ohm’s. Resistors are also rated for the amount of Wattage they can handle
or in other words, how much heat they can dissipate.
Introduction
• There are two general categories of resistors that you may
use as an installer; they are FIXED and VARIABLE resistors.
• Fixed Resistors - These types of resistors are common to
circuits where a constant amount of resistance is desired.
These types of resistors come in many forms but the most
common to the mobile electronics industry are either
carbon, or high wattage (Fireproof) wire wound resistors.
• Variable Resistors – Used for applications where a great deal
of energy must be dissipated as heat.
Resistor
Introduction
For the resistor symbol, the international IEC symbol is a rectangular
shape. In the USA the ANSI standard is very common, this is a zigzag line
(shown on the right).

Fixed resistor symbol ANSI standard Fixed resistor symbol

STANDARD RESISTOR VALUES AND COLOR
The value or the resistance of a resistor is obviously very important.
Components and wires are coded with colors to identify their value and
function.

Resistor Color Code

Types of Resistor
• 4-band Resistor
Types of Resistor
• 5-band Resistor
Types of Resistor
• 6-band Resistor
How to read:
• Resistors are color coded for easy reading.
• You should read the stripes from left to right. The first
stripe is the one that’s closest to one end of the
resistor. If this stripe is on the right side of the
resistor, turn the resistor around so the first stripe is
on the left
Resistor Color Coding Table
How to remember the code:
Remember the color codes with this sentence:
Better Be Right Or Your Great Big Vacation
Goes Wrong
 The colors brown, red, green, blue, and violet are used as tolerance codes on 5-band
resistors only. All 5-band resistors use a colored tolerance band. The blank (20%) “band” is
only used with the “4-band” code (3 colored bands + a blank “band”).

Normal Resistor Precision Resistor

Test a Resistor with an Ohmmeter
Testing a Resistor with an ohmmeter is the best, easiest and most
effective way to tell whether a resistor is good or not. To set up for the check,
we take the ohmmeter and place its probes across the leads of the resistor.
The orientation doesn't matter, because resistance isn't polarized. The
resistance that the ohmmeter reads should be close to the rated resistance of
the resistor. For example, the following resistor above is a 1KΩ resistor with a
tolerance rating of 5%. Therefore, the resistance of the resistor can vary
between 950Ω and 1050Ω.
Testing of Resistors
If the ohmmeter is reading in the value and tolerance range of the
resistor, the resistor is good. If the ohmmeter is reading (especially drastically)
outside of this range, the resistor is defective and should be replaced.

Testing of Resistor with an Ohmmeter

Testing of Resistors
How to Test whether a Resistor is Open
If a resistor is reading a very high resistance, above its rated value, it is
open. It is defective and, thus, should be replaced.

How to Test whether a Resistor is Shorted

If a resistor is reading a very low resistance, near 0Ω, it's shorted
internally. It is defective and, thus, should be replaced. A resistance test is the
only test that is needed to determine whether a resistor is good. If you want
to examine more advanced features of a resistor, then additional tests may be
necessary, but for all basic purposes, this test is sufficient for checking
resistors.
Testing of Resistors: Video Presentation
Thank You.