Biochemical Processes

Diffusion
• Tendency of the solute to spread throughout the
solution until the composition is homogeneous.

• Diffusion is a concentrated solute diffuses to spread

evenly in its solvent.

• The rate which a substance diffuses across a uniform

cross-sectional area depends not only on the
molecular size and shape but also on the
concentration gradient.
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 Osmosis
• Osmosis is the passage through a semi- permeable
membrane. Such as membrane is permeable only to the
solvent, not to solute.
• If the two solution of different concentration are
separated by semi-permeable , the solvent will diffuse
into the more concentrated solution
• Osmotic pressure is important to living cell because of
the enclosing semi-permeable membranes of the cell
through which they communicate with their
environment.

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 Dialysis
• Separation and purification by selective passage
of ions and small molecules through a semi
permeable membrane that will not allow
proteins to pass through.

• These membrane contain small pores that allow

the ions, but not the large colloidal particles to
diffuse.

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 Surface Tension
• Tendency of a liquid surface to contract.

• The surface molecules feel an unbalanced

attraction and are pulled inward. This inward pull
causes the molecules at the surface to come
closer together

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 Hypertonic
• Hypertonic refers to a solution with higher osmotic pressure than
another solution. In other words, a hypertonic solution is one in which
there is a greater concentration or number of solute particles outside a
membrane than there are inside it.

• Hypertonic refers to a greater concentration. In biology, a hypertonic

solution is one with a higher concentration of solutes outside the cell
than inside the cell. When a cell is immersed into a hypertonic solution,
the tendency is for water to flow out of the cell in order to balance the
concentration of the solutes. Likewise, the cytosol of the cell is
conversely categorized as hypotonic, opposite of the outer solution.

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 Hypotonic
• Hypotonic solution, meaning it has less solute and more
water than another solution.

• Hypotonic refers to a lesser concentration. In biology, a

hypotonic solution has a lower concentration of solutes
outside the cell than inside the cell. In an attempt to
balance the concentrations of solutes inside and outside
the cell, water will rush into the cell, and can cause it to
burst.

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 Isotonic
• An isotonic solution is when two solutions, separated by a
semipermeable membrane, have equal concentrations of solutes
and water.

• An isotonic solution is one in which its effective osmole

concentration is the same as the solute concentration of a cell.
In this case the cell neither swells nor shrinks because there is no
concentration gradient for water across the cell membrane.
Water molecules diffuse through the plasma membrane in both
directions, and as the rate of water diffusion is the same in each
direction that cell will neither gain nor lose water.

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WAO WAO WAO

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MEMBERS:

Aranal, Dane Paula

Democrito, Wisey John F.
Jacinto, Cristian
Montibon, Joanna Mae
Urmanita, William Philippe Ceasar