Basic First Aid for

 Medical Emergencies
  Session Objectives

Recognize the benefits of obtaining

first-aid and CPR certification
Identify proper procedures for a variety
of medical emergencies
Assist in administering first aid when a
co-worker is injured
Do no further harm
  Help! Emergency!

Minutes could
make a difference

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  Four Basic Rules

1.2.Call
Bringforhelp
helptoimmediately
the victim
4.3.Do no further
Check harm
the ABCs
 Assess the Scene

Evaluate the scene

Assess safety
Prioritize care
Check for medical alert tags
Do head-to-toe check
Move only if necessary

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  No Breathing
Administer CPR:
Lay the person on his or her back


Give chest compressions



Tilt head slightly



Breathe into the person’s mouth



Continue until EMS personnel



arrive

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  Bleeding
• Stop the flow of blood
• Wear gloves
• Cover the wound
• Apply pressure
• If a body part has
• been amputated,
• put it on ice

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  Shock

 Lay the victim down

 Cover
 Raise feet

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 Anaphylactic Shock

 Give the victim

medication
 Call for help ASAP
 Start CPR if necessary

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  Heart Attack
 Call 1122
 Make victim
comfortable
 Loosen tight clothing
 Check for medication
 Keep victim still
 Don’t give stimulants
  Choking
Ask a person to speak
 or cough
 Deliver 5 back blows
 Perform abdominal
thrusts
 Repeat sequence of
back blows and
abdominal thrusts
If Abdominal
 Thrusts Don’t Work

 Call 1122
 Finger sweep
 Abdominal thrusts
 Check ABCs
 Perform CPR if
 not breathing
  Electrical Shock
Don’t touch!
Turn power off
Call 1122
Remove person
from live wire
Check for breathing

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Match the problem with the correct first-aid procedure.

Bleeding CPR
Choking
No breathing
Heart attack Elevate feet
Shock
Sweeten deal
Keep victim still
Direct pressure
Abdominal thrusts
  Review
Do you understand first-aid
procedures for:
procedures for:
• No breathing?
No breathing?
• Bleeding?


Bleeding?
• Shock?


 Shock?
• Heart attack?
Heart attack?
• Choking?


• Electrical
 Choking?shock?
 Electrical shock?
  Eye Injuries

 Splashes
 Particles in eye
 Blow to eye
 (Flush with fresh
water)


 Cuts near eye

 (Apply Pressure &
stop the flow of
blood.)

 Penetrating objects
 (Call 1122 for EMS)
  Burns

• First-degree burns—Reddened, painful skin

• Second-degree burns—Blistering
• Third-degree burns—Charring, deep tissue damage
• First Aid
• (cool burn with cool water, protect burn with sterile,
no-adhesive bandage or clean cloth, call 1122)

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Exposure to
 Hazardous Materials

• EyesEyes


• SkinSkin


• Inhalation
Inhalation
• Ingestion


 Ingestion
  Broken Bones
 Look
 Ask
 Administer proper first
aid.
 Heat Exhaustion
• Move to cool place
• Lay victim down
• Elevate feet
• Loosen clothing
• Give fluids
• Apply cool compresses

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 Heatstroke

 Immediately call 1122

 Cool the person down
 Monitor

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  Fainting
 Check for
breathing
 Administer CPR if
necessary
 Call 1122 if more
than a few minutes
 If conscious, lay
the victim down
with feet elevated
 Epileptic Seizures
 Remove victim from
hazards
 Check for breathing
 Nothing in the mouth
 Keep comfortable
 Call 1122 if medical
assistance is needed


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 Fist Aid For Snake Bite
While waiting for medical help:
 Move the person beyond striking distance of the snake.

 Have the person lie down with wound below the heart.

 Keep the person calm and at rest, remaining as still as possible to keep venom

from spreading.
 Cover the wound with loose, sterile bandage.

 Remove any jewelry from the area that was bitten.

 Remove shoes if the leg or foot was bitten.

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 First Aid for Dog Bite
 Wash the wound with soap and warm water.
 Gently press a clean cloth over the wound to stop the flow of blood.
 Apply an antibacterial ointment to the wound.
 Cover with a sterile bandage.
 Watch for signs of infection.
 Seek help if you suspect infection or possible exposure to rabies, or if the
wound is severe.

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 Multiple choice

Which is the worst a. First degree

kind of burn? b. Third degree
For a particle in
the eye: a. Flush with water
For inhalation of b. Rub eye
vapors or gases: a. Induce vomiting
For heatstroke: b. Move to fresh air
a. Call 1122
b. Don’t call 1122
  Review
Do you understand first-aid
procedures for:
procedures for:
• EyeEye
injuries?
injuries?
• Burns?


Burns?
• Exposure to hazardous


 Exposure to
materials?
hazardous
• Broken bones?
• Heatmaterials?
exhaustion and
Broken bones?
heatstroke?


• Fainting?
 Heat exhaustion and
• Epileptic seizures?
heatstroke?
 Fainting?
 Epileptic seizures?
 Key Points to Remember
Medical emergencies can happen anytime and
anywhere.
Act quickly, calmly, and correctly.
Consider being certified in first aid
and CPR.
Thank You