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CHAPTER 4:

LINEAR EQUATION

SUBTOPICS:
4.1 LINEAR EQUALITY
4.2 LINEAR EQUATIONS IN ONE
UNKNOWN
4.3 SOLUTIONS OF LINEAR EQUATIONS IN
ONE UNKNOWN
4.1 LINEAR EQUALITY
 The symbol ‘=’ is read as ‘is equal to’.
– For example,
a) 1cm = 10mm
b) 4 – 2 = 5 – 3
 The symbol ‘≠’ is read as ‘is not equal to’.
– For example,
a) 1cm ≠ 30mm
b) 4 – 2 ≠ 5
If a = b and b = c, then a = c
-For example,
a) 2 + 4 = 6 and 6 = 7 – 1, then 2 + 4 = 7 – 1
Exercise Subtopic 4.1
1) 4 + 5 16 – 7

2) 8m – m 10m – 3 m

3) 3n +4m 7nm

4) 5p + p 6p -p
4.2 LINEAR EQUATIONS IN ONE
UNKNOWN
A linear algebraic term is an algebraic term that
consists of only one unknown and this unknown
is power of 1.
For example, 2x, 3y, 4p, -5q, -0.3m

A linear algebraic expression is a combination of


linear algebraic terms by addition or subtraction.
For example, 2x + 3y, 4p-5q+7
 A linear equation is an equation that consists
of only linear algebraic terms.
For example, 2x + 3y = 0, 4p-5q+7=3

A linear equation in one unknown consists of


only one unknown in the equation.
For example, y – 7 = 25
Exercise Subtopic 4.2
Determine whether each of the following is a
linear equation in one unknown.

a) 3x -4x²= 6

b) -5xy-x = 3y
c) 5x – 4 = 7 – 2x

d) 5x – 4

e) 3m + 2= 0
4.3 SOLUTIONS OF LINEAR
EQUATIONS IN ONE UNKNOWN
Determining the solution of a linear equation
in one unknown means finding the value of the
unknown in the equation.
The solution of equations are known as the
roots of the equations.
Exercise Subtopic 4.3
1)Solve
a)x + 3 = -7

b) x – 8 = - 10
Exercise of Chapter 4
1) Given that 3m + 29 = 53 - m, then m =
2) Given that 3p = 13 - (2p + 3), then p =
3) Given that 7y-9=3-5y, then y=

(NO. 9, 93)
4) Given that 3x + y = 8 and x - y = 4, then y =
5) Given that 2x + 3y = 18 and 2x - 3y = -6, then x + y =

(NO. 48, 93)


6) Fauzi wants to solve simultaneous equation
4x + y = 7 dan 3x - 2y = 8. The steps are as below:

12x + 3y = 21
12x -8y = 32

= -11

The blank must be filled with ___________

(NO. 38, 96)


END OF CHAPTER 4
Exercise Subtopic 4.1
1) 4 + 5 = 16 – 7
9=9

2) 8m – m =10m – 3 m
7m = 7 m

3) 3n +4m ≠ 7nm

4) 5p + p ≠ 6p -p
6p ≠ 5p
Exercise Subtopic 4.2
Determine whether each of the following is a
linear equation in one unknown.

a) 3x -4x²= 6
3x -4x²= 6 is not a linear equation in one
unknown.(4x² is not a linear algebraic term)

b) -5xy-x = 3y
-5xy-x = 3y is not a linear equation in one
unknown.(4x² is not a linear algebraic term)
c) 5x – 4 = 7 – 2x
5x – 4 = 7 – 2x is a linear equation in one
unknown.(7x – 4 = 7 )

d) 5x – 4
5x – 4 is not a linear equation in one unknown. (It
is a linear algebraic expression)

e) 3m + 2= 0
3m + 2= 0 is a linear equation in one unknown.
Exercise Subtopic 4.3
1)Solve
a)x + 3 = -7
x+3-3=-7-3
x = - 10

b) x – 8 = - 10

x - 8 + 8 = - 10 + 8
x=-2
Exercise of Chapter 4
1) Given that 3m + 29 = 53 - m, then m =

3m + 29 = 53 – m
3m + m+29 -29= 53 – m+m-29
3m + m= 53 – 29
4m=24
24
m=
4
m=6
2) Given that 3p = 13 - (2p + 3), then p =

3p = 13 - (2p + 3)
3p=13-2p-3
3p+2p=13-3
5p=10
10
p=
5
P=2
3) Given that 7y-9=3-5y, then y=

7y-9=3-5y
7y+5y=3+9
12y=12
12
y=
12

y=1

(NO. 9, 93)
4) Given that 3x + y = 8 and x - y = 4, then y =
x-y=4
x=4+y ………..(1)
3x + y = 8 ……….(2)

(1) in (2): 3(4+y)+y=8


12+3y+y=8
12+4y=8
4y=8-12
4y=-4
4
y= 
4
y=-1
5) Given that 2x + 3y = 18 and 2x - 3y = -6, then x + y =
2x+3y=18 ………..(1)
2x-3y=-6 ……….(2)
(1) + (2): 2x+2x=18-6
4x=12
12
x=
4
x=3
x=3 in (1): 2(3)+3y=18 x+y=3+4
6+3y=18 x+y=7
3y=18-6
3y=12
y= 12 (NO. 48, 93)
3
y= 4
6) Fauzi wants to solve simultaneous equation
4x + y = 7 dan 3x - 2y = 8. The steps are as below:

12x + 3y = 21
12x -8y = 32

= -11

The blank must be filled with ___________


Solution:
21-32=-11, therefore 3y-(-8y)=3y+8y
=11y
(NO. 38, 96)
So, the answer is 11y

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