Lesson 1

Origin and Structure

of the Earth:
The Universe
 In this lesson, learners
should be able to:
1. Describe the different hypotheses
explaining the origin of the universe.

2. Explain what the universe is composed

of.
 Activity 1:
Jumbled Words
Direction: Form the correct word of the
jumbled letters on the left to identify the
important terms used to describe the
universe. You may use the hints provided in
the visual clue. Comparison or description
that pertains to the jumbled word will be
given through pictures.
Our universe is the following:
JUMBLED WORD VISUAL CLUE

1. AGREL

LARGE
 Unimaginable expanse of

JUMBLED WORD VISUAL CLUE

2. ASG

GAS
JUMBLED WORD VISUAL CLUE

3. ARSTS

STARS
JUMBLED WORD VISUAL CLUE

4. SUDT
LODUSC

DUST CLOUDS
 And consists of

JUMBLED WORD VISUAL CLUE

5. SPLTANE

PLANETS
JUMBLED WORD VISUAL CLUE

6. LXGAAY

GALAXY
Our universe is a LARGE
unimaginable expanse of
GAS, STARS, DUST
CLOUDS and consists of
PLANETS and GALAXY.
 The branch of science that
studies the origin, evolution and
fate of the universe
 Theories behind the Origin of
the Universe

1. Big Bang Theory

- About 20 billion years ago, matter

and energy were compressed and
condensed in a hot tiny dense
mass.
- Due to random fluctuations, this tiny
dense and compact point
EXPLODED tremendously.

- After the explosion, dust and portion

of the condensed matter and energy
started to spread out.
- These scattered particles coagulated
and different objects and heavenly
bodies began to form.

- Stars, solar systems and galaxies

were formed.
• The most popular theory of
the origin of the universe
2. Steady State Theory or Infinite
Universe Theory

- Most popular version: Fred Hoyle,

Thomas Gold, Herman Bondi et al.
- States that the universe has been
present ever since and therefore
has no beginning and no end, and
has been expanding constantly.
- The density of matter in the
expanding universe remains
unchanged due to a continuous
creation of matter.
3. Pulsating Universe

- Says that the universe follows

infinite self-sustaining cycles such
as expanding and contracting.
- After the universe has contracted
to a certain size, explosion occurs
and the universe will start
expanding.

- The universe is “living” and keeps

pulsating in and out.
 Activity 2
Bang that Balloon
Materials:

1 pc big balloon (not inflated)

5 pieces pebbles
3 pieces small marbles
¼ cup of water
1 tbsp. of sand
 Procedure
1. Put all the given materials inside
the balloon
2. Inflate slowly the balloon until the
balloon bursts
3. Observe what will happen to the
materials when the balloon
bursts.
4. Document the findings.

5. Assign two students to explain the groups

observations and anwers.
 Guide Questions
1. Compare the materials when
they are inside the balloon and
when the balloon bursts.

2. Describe what happens to the

materials when the balloon
bursts.
3. Based on the activity, how will
you describe the Big Bang Theory
of the Universe? How were the
planets and stars formed?
 Assignment

•Research about the

origin of the solar
system.