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ANTHROPOLOGY,
SOCIOLOGY, AND
POLITICAL SCIECE
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SOCIAL SCIENCES

 The disciplines under which

identity, culture, society, and politics
are studied are collectively.
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ANTHROPOLOGY

 Is the systematic study of the

biological, cultural, and social aspects
of man.
 It is derived from two Greek words “
Anthropos” which means “man”,
“logos” which means “study” or
“inquiry”
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Why anthropology is a significant branch
of knowledge?

 Because………….. It integrates
elements from the biological sciences
and humanities to fully comprehend the
complex human species, including their
past practices and social patterns,
across diverse cultures.
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Diverse fields of Anthropology
Social anthropology – studies
how social patterns and
practices and cultural variations
develop across different
societies.
Linguistic anthropology –
studies language and discourse
and how they reflect and shape
different aspect of human
society and culture.
Cultural anthropology –
studies cultural variation across
different societies and
examines the need to
understand each culture in its
own context.
Biological or Physical
anthropology – studies the
origin humans as well as the
interplay between social factors
and the process of human
evolution, adaptation and
variation over time.
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 ARCHEOLOGY meanwhile, deals with prehistoric

societies by studying their tools and environment.

 SOCIOLOGY - is defined by Anthony Giddens as

“the study of human social life, groups, and society.”

-an academic discipline that attempts to

provide a deeper assessment of individual and group
behavior, as well social phenomena, by examining the
interplay between economic, political, and social
factors.
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 The discipline has been largely shaped by the
works of AUGUST COMTE. HERBERT
SPENCER, KARL MARX, EMILE DURKHEIM,
and MAX WEBER.

 Examining the different elements and aspects of

society such as culture, gender, race, and
ethnicity, social movements, class and other forms
of social stratification, crime, and other
organization.
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 POLITICAL SCIENCE - is the systematic

study of politics.
Andrew Heywood – describes as “the
activity through which people make,
preserve, and amend the general rules
under which they live.”
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 It focuses on the fundamental values of

equality, freedom, and justice and its
process are linked to the dynamics of
conflict, resolution, and cooperation.
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 The Greek philosophers such as Plato and

Aristotle as well as later European thinkers
such as NICCOLO MACHIAVELLI, JEAN
JACQUES ROUSSEAU, BARON DE
MONTESQUIEU, THOMAS HOBBES,
JOHN LOCKE, and KARL MARX are
influential in the field of political science.
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Different Area of Interest of Political
Science.
 Public Administration – examines how the government
functions and how decisions and policies are made.

 Political Economy – evaluates the interplay between

economics, politics, and law and its implications to the
various institutions within society.

 Comparative Politics – compares domestic politics and

governance systems across different sovereign states.