CH#07

EXPANSION AND CONSTRUCTION

JOINTS
 Joints in building
 The separations or planes of weakness
introduced at different locations in a
building.
 Purpose of joints
 It will accommodate large dimensional
changes occurring due to expansion and
contraction of the building without
structural failure and cracks.
 Types of joints in building
 Expansion joints
 Contraction joints
 Sliding joints
 Construction joints
 Expansion joints
 The joints provided to accommodate the
expansion of adjacent parts in a building
are known as expansion joints.
 It will accommodate the expansion of
adjacent parts of a building and relieve
the compressive stresses that may
otherwise develop.
 Contraction joints
 The joints introduced in concrete
structures to localize shrinkage
movements are known as contraction
joints.
 Sliding joints
 The joints provided between the two parts
enabling their movement freely in both
the planes are known as sliding joints.
 Construction joints

 The joints provided at locations where

construction stops for any reason are
called construction joints.
Surface finishes
 Surface finishes
 The art of treating the surfaces with a
suitable covering material to make them
weather resisting and decorative is called
surface finishing and the material used for
surface finishing is called surface finishes.
 Example
 Plaster
 Pointing
 Paints
 White washing
 Distemper
 Purpose of surface finishes
 Protect surface from weathering agencies
 Provide smooth surface
 Provide decorative finish
 Plastering
 The art of covering the surface of masonry
work with suitable plaster.
 Plaster may be cement plaster, lime
plaster or any other specified plaster .
 Types of plaster
 Cement plastering
 Lime plastering
 Mud plastering
 Stucco plastering
 Moghul plastering
 Cement plastering
 Binding material is cement
 From 1:3 to 1:8
 Lime plastering

 Binding material is lime .

 Thickness of lime plaster varies from 20 to
25 mm.
 Mud plastering

 It consists of fine white earth and cow

dung.
 Some time it consists of fine white earth,
cow dung and cement in 3:2:1 ratio .
 Stucco plastering

 It is a decorative type of plaster which

provides an excellent finish like that with
marble (well ground marble or quartz or
coloring pigment or colored cement)
 Moghul plastering

 Consists of lime, sand and surkhi in 4:3:1.

 Pointing
 Final treatment with cement or lime
mortar made to the joints of the masonry
to provide neat appearance is termed as
pointing
 Types of pointing
 Flat or flash pointing
 Struck pointing
 Recessed pointing
 V-pointing
 Weather pointing
 Keyed or grooved pointing
 Tuck pointing
 Painting
 The art of covering a surface with required
number of coats of paints is called
painting.
 White washing
 The art of applying 2 or 3 coats of white
wash on the plaster surface is called as
white washing.
 Distempering
 The art of applying 2 or 3 coats of
distemper on the plastered or white
washed surface is called as distempering.
Thank you