JOT2 Task 2

Nathaniel S Suhr
A. When Constructivism is Beneficial for Learners

Constructivism: is most beneficial to learners when there is a

real world scenario to apply the content to.
 This would require the setup of many different mock
scenarios for students to participate in to see direct
application of concepts.

 For the content in this lesson example the conversion of

decimals to fractions can be applied with students deciding
on the best discount on two given items and the discounts
are in decimal notation for one and fraction notation for the
other.
A. When Cognitivism is Beneficial for
Learners

Cognitivism: it is most beneficial when sharing ones thinking

about a new concept. This helps to imbed the new content
in the learning as they attempt to explain and change their
thinking or others in the discourse.

 Specific to the lesson content would be group lead

discussions using accountable talk stems and academic
vocabulary about the process students used to solve their
first set of problems in converting fractions to decimals.
A. When Behaviorism is Beneficial for
Learners

Behaviorism: Is most beneficial for learning new information

that can’t be simulated or is a process that has to follow an
algorithm
 Anything that requires excessive practice and rote
memorization is suitable.
 Anytime an incentive program can be built into the
learning process this theory excels.

 Specific to the content in the lesson identifying

numerators and denominators on fractions; base ten
numbers and operations;
B. Learning Theory Reflected in Lesson Plan

 The lesson plan focuses on teaching students fraction to

decimal conversion. It is direct instruction with an I do, we
do, you do model. This is the format of behaviorism as the
concept itself requires exposure followed by interpretation
and finally practice.
C. Adapted Lesson Plan

● Changing this from a behaviorism lesson to a

cognitivism lesson would require the students to
have exposure to the game with multiple
examples already filled out. As a whole group
discussion students would be required to state
at least one question/statement about what they
noticed on the chart with many attempting to
conclude what it is. The final reveal would be
that of labeling the skill set and allowing them to
play the game.
D. Most Beneficial Lesson Plan and
Justification

● For the current demographic of students I would have to

say that the behaviorism model is the most efficient. Ten
year old students struggle with some of the freedoms
involved in open discussions. Others would not
contribute due to lack of interest or lack of perseverance
and being made fun of. There are not many of my
students that can feel or be successful without the
scaffolding that comes from behaviorism modeled
instruction.
E. Benefits of Following a Design Theory

● Design theories allow educators to have an

outline and goal for their efforts.
● They assist in getting ideas and content to
learners with a guarantee on successful
implementation provided all criteria are met.
● They establish effective means for reflecting on
delivery of content and students
reception/retention of learning goal.
F. Strengths of Backwards Design

 Immediately identifies learning goal

 Validates the form of assessments

F. Limitations of Backwards Design

 A large amount of time is used in assessing growth via data

since it drives the instruction
F. Strengths of Gagne’s Events

 Gagne’s nine events is easy to adapt to multiple audiences

for effective learning.
 It provides multiple opportunities to keep learners attention
and engagement as well as boos their self esteem in the
acquisition of new material.
 It follows a logical progression from beginning to end to
keep information presented effectively.
F. Limitations of Gagne’s Events

 There is a lot of guided assistance with brand new material

which is not always optimal for the teacher and the
students.
 It adheres more to the behaviorism theory of learning as it
focuses on the need for guided discourse among students.
 It might also enable students to avoid natural discoveries in
their learning if utilized exclusively.
F. Strengths of Teaching for Understanding

 Discourse among peers allows for much more engaged and active
learners.
 Builds social skills
F. Weaknesses of Teaching for
Understanding

 Not adaptable to all learners

 Not always applicable to elementary educators

G. Most Appropriate Design Theory for My
Instructional Setting and Justification

● Most appropriate design theory for my

instruction setting is the Ganges nine.
● My students are very comfortable with this format
● All required classroom curriculum utilizes this lesson
plan format
● It allows constant reiteration of the goal and builds
the students deficiencies in academic language
G. Example(s) of Most Appropriate Design
Theory in My Instructional Setting

● 4th grade students are still in the acquisition of

base rote content
● Most of my students haven’t had exposure to
much in their rural area
● The school building consists of 3rd,4th,5th graders
only and they are all in the similar zone of
proximal development
H. References

● (n.d.). Retrieved June 30, 2019, from https://bridges.mathlearningcenter.org/

● Ertmer, P. A., & Newby, T. J. (2008). Behaviorism, Cognitivism,
Constructivism: Comparing Critical Features from an Instructional Design
Perspective. Performance Improvement Quarterly,6(4), 50-72.