• January 01, 1801 to December 31, 1900

• Period of Social Change

• Collapsed of strong and huge Empires
• Birth and growth of New Empires
• French Empires and its allies were defeated
(British and Russian Empires expanded greatly)
• Russian Empires (central and far Eastern Asia)
• British ( Canada, Australia, South Africa, India and Africa)
• 1800-1810
Thomas Jefferson was in the White House, Lewis
and Clark were heading west
• 1810-1820
Tecumseh organized Natives Americans and
British burned the White House
• 1820-1830
Missouri Compromise held the Union together

• 1830-1840
Charles Darwin visited Galapagos and
Queen Victoria began her reign
• 1840-1850
Queen Victoria married, Tippecanoe and Tyler
won the American Election
• 1850-1860
Empires clashed in the Crimean War and John
Browns raid made war in America
• 1860-1870
President Lincoln was assassinated novelist
Benjamin Disraeli
• 1870-1880
Bismarck provoked the Franco-Prussian War
• 1880-1890
The Great Game was played out in the Second
Anglo-Afghan War
• 1890-1900
Lizzie Borden was charged with an ax murder,
Yosemite became a National Park the Panic of 1893
Economic Environment

• Gradual elimination of monopoly

• Galleon to Acapulco
• Abaca and sugar grew rapidly
• Commercial agriculture (new class)
• Benito J. Legarda “by the end of 19th Century the
Philippines real wages would be the highest”
• They had risen without other colonies
• Rizal life (first age of globalization)
Educational Environment

• Public education in the Philippines and church

controlled the curricula.
• Less than one-fifth can read and write and fewer
could speak properly.
• Propaganda Movement (overseas Filipino)
 Spanish Colonial Education Aims

• Promotion of Christianity
• Promotion of Spanish Language
• Promotion of Spanish Culture
Spanish Colonial Education System

• Curriculum (formal, organized and religion-oriented)

• Spanish missionaries ( teachers and tutors)
• Christian Doctrine, prayers and sacred songs
• 3R’s were only given to brighter pupils
• Teach catechism to the natives
• Study of Spanish Language was compulsory
• Education is privilege not a right
• Education for elite was controlled by friars
Educational Decree of 1863
1.) System of Primary Schools
 one male and one female primary school
teachers for each 5, 000 inhabitants
2.) There were no school, houses, no modern furniture
and no good textbook
3.) Reading, writing, sacred history and catechism
were taught. For the Girls( embroidery and needlework)
4.) Supervision of Religious Order
5.) Because of the Policy fewer could be considered
as educated Filipinos
6.) When Spaniards came here several of the tribes
could read and write their own language.
7.) Spanish minister for the colonies
(Education is in the hands of religious orders)
8.) 2,167 Public schools and Spanish regime was
strictly sectarian with no prescribed course of study
1.) Counted only are children in Elementary (age 5-13)
and teenagers (14-17) .
2.) There could be school in every village.
3.) Schools maintained by Spain were closed and
damaged during Spanish-American War and
Philippine Revolution.
4.)The Philippine Commission made no reference to
the fact that the pioneering public school education
introduced by Spain.
The Ilustrados
As a result of increasing the number of educated Filipinos
a new social class raised, that came to be known as the
Ilustrados.

This new enlightenment class of Filipino would later lead

the Philippine Independence.

Jose Rizal was the most prominent of the Ilustrados and

with the help of other Filipino intellectuals began to reach the
Filipino self-government and independence.