SEXUALLY

TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS
(Infeksi Menular Seksual)

Okki Wahyu Atikasari

Yasmin Salsabila
Yeni Susilowati
Hendra Saputra W.
M. Avandy Rachman
Adomina Kormasela
IMS ( INFEKSI MENULAR
SEKSUAL )
Penyakit-penyakit ini ditularkan melalui kontak
seksual, termasuk oral, hubungan seks anal, dan
vagina. IMS juga dapat menyebar dari orang yang
terinfeksi ibu ke bayi selama kelahiran melalui
vagina.

IMS dapat menyebabkan infeksi, kemandulan, dan

bahkan kematian. Perlindungan terbaik untuk
melawan IMS antara lain ; Tidak melakukan seks
bebas, menggunakan alat pelindung saat
berhubungan intim
CHLAMYDIA

CHLAMYDIA
 TANDA DAN GEJALA

“ Pada Wanita :
Keputihan
Rasa sakit saat BAK
Sedikit Nyeri pada daerah Abdomen
Sedikit nyeri pada punggung
Mual
Demam
Sakit saat berhubungan intim
Nyeri/pendarahaan pada rectal
Ketidaksuburan karena bekas luka

“
 TANDA DAN GEJALA

“ Pada Pria :
Nyeri saat BAK
Terasa terbakar dan gatal pada saat uretra terbuka/saat BAK
Epididymitis/Terjadi inflamasi pada epididymis.
Ketidaksuburan
Perdarahan pada rectal

“
 Tes dan Perawatan

Tes meliputi:
• Kultur urin untuk pengujian antigen-antibodi.
• Biakan sekresi dari serviks atau penis.
Pengobatannya adalah terapi antibiotik dengan doksisiklin atau azitromisin.
Pencegahannya adalah melakukan screening pada orang yang aktif melakukan
hubungan seksual setiap tahun dan semua wanita hamil.
 Dampak dari Chlamydia

• Penyakit radang panggul pada wanita.

• Infertilitas pada wanita dan sterilitas pada pria.
• Saluran tuba yang rusak dari penyakit radang panggul dapat berakibat fatal pada
kehamilan ektopik.
• Epididimitis pada pria.
• Jarang, sindrom Reiter (Radang sendi disertai oleh lesi kulit dan radang mata dan
uretra).
• Infeksi mata, menyebabkan kebutaan pada bayi yang lahir dari ibu yang terinfeksi.
• Pneumonia pada bayi yang lahir dari ibu yang terinfeksi.
• Peningkatan risiko kelahiran prematur.
GONORRHEA
GONORRHEA
 TANDA DAN GEJALA
WANITA PRIA

Buang air kecil yang menyakitka.

01 Buang air kecil yang
menyakitkan
01 Warna kencing putih, kuning, atau
hijau menunjukkan adanya nanah

Pada pria, gejala dapat

02 Peningkatan keputihan 02 muncul di mana saja dari 2
hingga 30 hari setelah
terinfeksi

Pada wanita, gejala dapat

03 munculdalam 10
harisetelah terinfeksi
 Tes dan Perawatan

Tes meliputi:
• Biakan dari sekresi yang diambil dari penis atau leher rahim.
• Kultur urin, klien dengan gonore biasanya menderita klamidia
Pengobatan untuk kedua infeksi dengan ceftriaxone, Cipro, atau doxycycline.
Saat lahir, terlepas dari status infeksi ibu, salep mata ditempatkan ke mata bayi
untuk mencegah infeksi.
 Dampak dari Gonorrhea

• Penyakit radang panggul (PID), kehamilan ektopik pada wanita.

• Jarang rasa sakit, demam, dan sterilitas jika menyebar ke epididimis pada pria.
• Dermatitis dan meningitis yang mengancam jiwa jika menyebar ke darah atau
sendi pada pria dan wanita.
• Kebutaan, infeksi sendi, dan infeksi darah yang mengancam jiwa pada bayi.
• Resistensi obat gonore (dilaporkan di seluruh dunia).
SIFILIS

SIFILIS
 TANDA DAN GEJALA

“ Tahap primer:
Bentuk penyakit yaitu bulat, kecil, dan menyebar dengan cepat
dan terasa sakit. Penyakit muncul di seluruh tubuh, tempat di mana sifilis
memasuki gejala sebelum lesi primer
tubuh dan akhirnya sembuh terjadi. Jika dibiarkan tidak diobati, luas
infeksi dapat menghasilkan banyak
komplikasi

“
 TANDA DAN GEJALA

“ Tahap sekunder:
Ruam pada telapak tangan dan menyebar dengan cepa, tampak kasar,
merah, bintik-bintik coklat kemerahan dan gejala sebelum lesi primer
tidak gatal. Gejala lain dapat terjadi. Jika dibiarkan tidak diobati, luas
termasuk demam, infeksi getah bening yang membengkak dapat
menghasilkan banyak kelenjar, penurunan berat badan, komplikasi otot,
kelelahan, sakit kepala. Jikatidak dirawat, akan berlanjut ke
fase laten

“
 TANDA DAN GEJALA

“ Fase laten:
Terjadi kesulitan koordinasi otot. Jika dibiarkan tidak diobati,
kelumpuhan, infeksi bertahap dapat menghasilkan banyak
mati rasa, dan komplikasi demensia.

“
 Tes dan Perawatan

Penyakit dapat diamati di bawah mikroskop. Tes darah untuk sifilis adalah Rapid Plasma

Reagin (RPR):

-Jika RPR reaktif, hasilnya harus dikonfirmasi karena bisa reaktif pada penyakit, seperti

artritis atau defisiensi imun.

-Tes Fuorescent Treponemal Antibody (FTA) dilakukan Jika FTA reaktif, klien sebelumnya

pernah menderita sifilis.

Pengobatan untuk sifilis adalah benzathine penicillin G 2,4 juta unit IM yang diberikan:
- Satu kali saja di tahap awal.
- Satu kali seminggu selama 3 minggu di tahap laten.
VIRUS HERPES SIMPLEKS

VIRUS HERPES SIMPLEKS

TANDA DAN
GEJALA

Tidak ada tanda dan

gejala, tidak ada lesi
Infeksi selaput lendir
dengan HSV pada atau
di sekitar genitalia atau
banyak vesikel berisi
cairan yang sangat
menyakitkan, dapat
sembuh 2 hingga 4
minggu
 Tes dan Perawatan

Pemeriksaan fisik dan visualisasi lesi dapat bersifat diagnostik

dalam beberapa pengaturan klinis.

Tes meliputi:

- Kultur cairan setelah "unroofing" vesikel.

- Tes darah untuk antibodi HSV-1 dan HSV-2.

Pengobatan terdiri dari obat antivirus, seperti Valtrex, Famvir, dan asiklovir untuk
mempersingkat durasi wabah dan membantu mengendalikan rasa sakit.
Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)

Human Papilloma Virus (HP

V)
TANDA DAN
GEJALA

• Tidak ada lesi jenis apa pun

• Genital warts (bentuk seperti
kembang kol). Genital warts
disebab an oleh HPV, Virus
memasuki tubuh dan menginfeksi
sel epitel
saluran genital
• Neoplasia serviks (sel abnormal),
HPV tipe 16, 18, 31, 33, dan 35
yang dapat menyebabkan kanker
serviks diidentifikasi sebagai jenis
yang memimpin untuk kanker
serviks
 Tes dan Perawatan
Pemeriksaan:

Pada wanita tanpa gejala, HPV dapat diidentifikasi dengan Pap smear rutin. Untuk pria, tidak
ada tes

Perawatan termasuk:

-Larutan podofiloks atau gel (obat antimitotik mengganggu pembelahan sel).

-Krim imiquimod (penambah kekebalan tubuh).

-Cryotherapy dengan nitrogen cair atau cryoprobe

-Resin podofilin dalam senyawa tingtur benzoin.

-Asam trikloroasetat (TCA) atau asam biklorasetat (BCA).

-Operasi pengangkatan.
TRIKOMONIASIS

TRIKOMONIASIS
TANDA DAN
GEJALA

-Pria biasanya tidak menunjukkan

gejala tetapi dapat disebabkan oleh
flagellated terbakar setelah buang
air kecil atau ejakulasi

-Wanita memiliki protozoa

Flagellated berbusa, kuning-hijau,
berbau busuk dengan perubahan
iritasi vulva pada pH vagina
 Tes dan Perawatan

Tes meliputi:

-Pada wanita emeriksaan vagina dengan spesimen disebut prep basah untuk visualisasi

trichomonad di bawah mikroskop.

-Kultur urin (pria).

Pengobatannya adalah metronidazole (Flagyl).

PEDICULOSIS

PEDICULOSIS
PEDICULOSIS
 Tes dan Perawatan
Pedikulosis didiagnosis dengan inspeksi visual. Perawatan termasuk:

-Menerapkan sampo lindane 1% ke area yang terinfeksi dan rambut di sekitarnya. Biarkan selama 4
menit, dan bilas sampai bersih. Retretment ditunjukkan 7 hari kemudian.

-Memberi minyak ke bulu mata yang terinfestasi. Jangan merawat bulu mata menggunakan lindane.

-Membersihkan sprei dan pakaian yang dikenakan oleh klien dalam 2 hari terakhir, menggunakan air
panas dan pengeringan panas. Jika pakaian tidak bisa dicuci, letakkan di kantong plastik selama 30
hari.

-Mengganti linen setelah perawatan sebelum klien kembali ke tempat tidur.

-Gunakan tindakan pencegahan kontak selama 24 jam setelah perawatan. .

Wanita hamil dan anak-anak dapat dirawat dengan obat yang lebih ringan karena risiko

neurotoksisitas.
THANK YOU
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