INDUSTRIAL SAFETY

Industrial safety is primarily a

management activity which is
concerned with
Reducing
Controlling
Eliminating hazards from the
industries or industrial units.
Significance of Industrial Safety

 Industrial causes a great loss to both the

Employer & Employee, that’s it is having
importance
 Cost of compensation Cost of medical-
 aid
 Cost of training a new worker Cost of
 the lost time
 Cost of investigation
 Cost of supervision & inspections Cost
 to the Govt. in terms of factory
inspectors, & public health services
Contd.

 Cost of spoilage of materials Cost of the

 damage of machinery
 Cost of cost of wages payble during injury
 Cost of loss of morale; &
 Cost of loss to the worker and his family
 To prevent accidents in the plant by reducing the hazard to minimum.

 To eliminate accident caused work stoppage and lost production.

 To achieve lower workmen’s compensation, insurance rates and reduce

all other direct and indirect costs of accidents.

 To prevent loss of life, permanent disability and the loss of income of

worker by eliminating causes of accidents.
 To evaluate employee’s morale by promoting safe work place and good
working condition

 To educate all members of the organization in continuous state of safety

mindless and to make supervision competent and intensely safety
minded.
Measurement & Records of
Accidents
 Two main ratios used to measure accidents are
 1. Accident Frequency Rate
 2. Accident Severity Rate

 AFC = No. of injuries * 10,00,000/ Total no.

of man hours worked

 ASR = no. of man day lost * 10,00,000/Total

no. of man hours worked
Causes of Industrial Accidents
 1. Unsafe conditions
 a. The job itself
 b. Work schedules
 c. Psychological conditions
 d. Machinery & Equipment

 2. Unsafe Acts

 3. Miscellaneous Causes
Measures to ensure Industrial Safety
 1. Safety Policy
 2. Safety Committee
 3. Safety Engineering
 a. Guarding of machinery
 b. Material handling equipment
 c. Safety devices
 d. Ergonomics
 e. Plan maintenance
 f. General house keeping

 4. Safety Education & Training

 5. Role of Government
 Engineering: i.e. safety at the design, equipment installation
stage.

 Education: i.e. education of employees in safe practices.

 Enlistment: i.e. it concerns the attitude of the employees and

management towards the programmed and its purpose. This
necessary arose the interest of employees in accident
prevention and safety consciousness.

 Encouragement: i.e. to enforce adherence to safe rules and

practices.
 Safety audit –
A safety audit subjects each area of a company’s activity to a
systematic critical examination with the object of minimizing
loss.

 Safety survey-
A safety survey is a detailed examination in depth of a narrower
field of activity.

 Safety inspection-
 A routine scheduled inspection of a unit or department, which
may be
 carried out by someone ( may be a safety representative ) from
within the unit, possibly
 accompanied by the safety advisor. The inspection would check
maintenance standards,
 - Fencing of machinery
 - Work on or near machinery in motion
 Employment of young persons on dangerous
machines.
 Striking gear and devices for cutting off power
 - Self-acting machines
 - Casing of new machinery
 -Prohibition of employment of women and children
near cotton-openers
 - Hoists and lifts

- Lifting machines, chains, ropes and lifting tackles

- Revolving machinery

- Pressure plant
 Floors, stairs and means of access
 - Pits, sumps openings in floors, etc
 - Excessive weights
 Protection of eyes.
 Precautions against dangerous fumes, gases
 Precautions regarding the use of portable electric light.
 Explosive or inflammable dust, gas, etc
 -Precautions in case of fire

- Power to require specifications of defective parts or tests of
stability

-Safety of buildings and machinery

- - Maintenance of buildings
 - Safety Officers
 - Power to make rules to supplement this Chapter
 Stipulate a national minimum wage to give people dignity.

 Institute a comprehensive social security legislation

covering unemployment, health insurance, old age
pension, disability and regulation of employment for all
workers.

 Ensure gainful rehabilitation in terms of alternate land,

livelihood, shelter, and all basic necessities concerning
health, education and connectivity for all people displaced
by development projects, closures, lockouts, relocation,
man-made and natural disaster.
 Institute employment guarantee for urban and rural areas
throughout the year with separate cards for women and
for all adults who demand employment.

 Introduce special programs to impart training and

entrepreneurial skills, capital and credit facilities without
collateral and market support to women-headed
households and all women.

 Enforce existing labour laws in special economic zones,

export promotion zones and free trade zones.

 Ensure full-time wage work for poor women and skill and
entrepreneurship training for self employed women.
 Govt. schemes for women must ensure equal pay even if
the task are not same.

 Crèches must be provided for all women’s.

 Minimum wages for women in the informal sector and

domestic work.

 Equal wages and occupational safety for women

construction workers.

 Work related schemes should be based on market trends.

 All workers in all sectors should be given identity cards.