SHIP CONSTRUCTION TERMS

Posted in: General Engineering Knowledge | Tagged: buoyancy, cruiser

stern, lightening hole, margin line, margin plate, oxter
plates, panting, permeability, permissible length, pintles, pleuger
rudder, pounding, reserve buyoancy, rising tanks, scantlings, schottle
rudder, sheer, sheer strake, ship vibration, shoe plates, sole
piece, standard fire test, stealer plates, stiff ship, storm
valve, streamline, stringer, swath, tender ship, transom
stern, tumblehome, turbulence flow, turning circle
Lightening holes
•Large apertures cut in floor plates, side girders, and tank bracket plates.
•In double bottom vessels they provide an access to the different cells for inspection
and upkeep, besides taking weight off the structure, which is their principal object.
•In a general sense any hole cut in reduce weight without impairing strength.
Margin line
•An imaginary line drawn 75mm below the bulkhead deck at the ship’s side.
•It is the highest permissible location on the side of the ship of any damage water plane
in the final condition of sinkage, trim & heel.
Margin plate
•The outboard strake of the inner bottom.
•When the margin plate is turned down at the bilge it forms the outboard boundary of
the double bottom, connecting the inner bottom in the shell plating at the bilge.
Oxter plates
•They are peculiarly curved plates, fitted where the stern frame meets the overhang of
the stern.
Panting
•The pulsation in and out of the bow and stern plating as the ship alternately rises and
plunges deep into the water.
Permeability
•The ratio of water which can enter with the volume of the empty compartment.
Permissible length
•The length between bulkheads on a ship in order to ensure that it will remain afloat if
one, or more, compartments are flooded. The permissible length is some fraction of the
floodable length.
•The fraction is called the factor of subdivision.
Pintles
•The pins of bolt that hinge the rudder to the gudgeons on the rudder post.
Pleuger rudder
•An active rudder in which a small motor driven propeller is incorporated in a streamlined
casing.
•Ship steering at very low speeds is thus possible and the rudder angle can be greater
than 35degrees.
Pounding
•The impact of the water surface against the side or bottom of a ship hull,
whether caused by ship velocity, water velocity, or both.
Rising tanks
•Double bottom spaces in which the inner bottom is higher at centre line than at sides.
•This arrangement has the advantage of allowing moisture from the cargo drain into the
bilge pockets on each side.
Scantlings
•The dimension and the thickness of rolled sections and the breadth and thickness of
plates, which together compose the ship’s structure or part of same.
Schottle rudder
•Double right-angled drive mechanism in which the propeller operates within a duct.
•The propeller and the duct can be rotated in order to steer the driven vessel.
Sheer
•The curvature of the deck in a longitudinal direction.
•It is measured between the deck height at amidships and the particular point on the deck.
•The forward shear is twice of the aft shear.
Sheer strake
•The course of the shell plating at strength deck level.
Tumblehome
•The slant inward from the vertical of a transverse section of a hull about
the designed waterline.
Turbulence flow
•Fluid flow where the particle motion at any point is rapidly changing both
in direction and magnitude.
Turning circle
•A circle moved through by a ship when the rudder is placed in its
extreme position.
•It is a manoeuvre carried out on sea trial.
Buoyancy
•When a substance is immersed in the water it will appear to suffer a loss
in weight.
•Since the actual mass of the substance is not changed, there must be force
Reserve buoyancy
•The watertight volume of a ship above the water line is called the
reserve buoyancy.
•It can be defined as the buoyancy a ship can call upon to meet
losses of buoyancy due to damage of the main hull.
•Its use in the general working of the ship is to provide a
sufficiency of freeboard to make the vessel seaworthy.
Ships vibration types
•Synchronous or resonance vibration.
•Local vibration.
•Vibration due to external forces.