RESULTANT OF THREE OR MORE

CONCURRENT FORCES,
MOMENT OF A FORCE,
VARIGNON’S THEOREM
GROUP 1 – BS ChE 2
ARTEZA, DAFHNIE MICAH ANN
CABO, JAE MICHELLE
CHAN, ANGLEO MARI
LOTA, CLAIRE JANE
SUICO, SAM ANTHONETTE
 RESULTANT OF THREE OR MORE CONCURRENT
FORCES
There are two ways in solving for the resultant of three or more
vectors, analytically and graphically.

GRAPHICALLY
• Two vectors can be added to give a resultant; this resultant in turn
can be added to a third vector, etc., until all the vectors have been
added together to give an overall resultant. These vectors can be
added in any order.
RESULTANT OF THREE OR MORE CONCURRENT
FORCES
USING PARALLEOGRAM LAW
Y

F
R1

P R

O X

Q
RESULTANT OF THREE OR MORE CONCURRENT
FORCES
USING TRIANGLE LAW

P
Q
F
R1

R
X
O
 RESULTANT OF THREE OR MORE CONCURRENT
FORCES
ANALYTICALLY
• The vectors can be resolved into components that coincide with
arbitrarily chosen axes. The components of each vector with respect
to these axes can be added algebraically, and the resulting additions
will be the components of the overall resultant vector.
RESULTANT OF THREE OR MORE CONCURRENT
FORCES
RESULTANT OF THREE OR MORE CONCURRENT
FORCES
𝑅𝑥 = Σ𝑋
𝑅𝑦 = Σ𝑌

𝑅= Σ𝑋 2 + (Σ𝑌 2 )

Σ𝑋
tan 𝜃 =
Σ𝑌
 MOMENT OF A FORCE
• The moment of a force about an axis or line is the measure of its
ability to produce turning or twisting about the axis.
• The magnitude of the moment of a force about an axis which is
perpendicular to a plane containing the line of action of the force is
defined as the product of the force and the perpendicular distance
from the axis to the line of action of the force.
• Another method of defining the moment of a force is to say that the
moment is equal to twice the area of the triangle formed by joining
the center of moments with the ends of the force.
 MOMENT OF A FORCE
Y
Example: Y

d O

Y
 MOMENT OF A FORCE
• Principle of Transmissibility
- The external effect of a force is independent of where it is
applied along its line of action.
- Can be demonstrated by calculating the moment of a force
about a point by considering the effect of a force at different points on
the line of action.
F
B
A
r2
r1
O
 MOMENT OF A FORCE
Units and Signs
• The unit of moment is correspondingly the product of a force and a
distance
 THE PRINCIPLE OF MOMENTS: VARIGNON’S
THEOREM
• Definition: The moment of a force is equivalent to the sum of the
moments of its components
 THE PRINCIPLE OF MOMENTS: VARIGNON’S
THEOREM
Application of the principle of moments

The moment of F is expressed as

𝑀𝑜 = 𝐹 ∙ 𝑑 = 𝐹𝑥 ∙ 𝑦 − 𝐹𝑦 ∙ 𝑥
Replacing F by its components at B and C in Figure , we have
𝑀𝑜 = 𝐹𝑥 ⋅ 𝚤𝑦
𝑀𝑜 = 𝐹𝑦 ∙ 𝚤𝑥