 A banking system follow the principles of

Islamic law (also known as Sharia, or Shariah)

and guided by Islamic economics.
 Two basic principles behind Islamic banking
are the sharing of profit and loss and, the
prohibition of the collection and payment of
interest. Collecting interest is not permitted
under Islamic law.
 Riba Profit

1 Kadar untung berdasarkan modal yang 1 Kadar untung berdasarkan jumlah untung
dipinjamkan. yang diperoleh dari transaksi

2 Pembayaran bunga tetap seperti yang 2 Bagi hasil bergantung pada keuntungan atau
dijanjikan. kerugian projek yang dijalankan

3 Jumlah pembayaran bunga tidak meningkat 3 Jumlah pembahagian untung meningkat

walaupun jumlah keuntungan berlipat ganda sesuai dengan peningkatan jumlah
pendapatan.

4 Kadar bunga berubah dari masa ke semasa 4 Kadar bunga yang tetap berdasarkan jumlah
untung yang diperolehi
Kadar Bunga
Interest: While interest increases,
B1 total amount of saving money
P3
increases.

P2 B2 Intersection point of interest and

investment.

P1
B3
Investment: As interest decreases,
investment increases.

Jumlah Pelabur
 Pendapatan Kos
Keuntungan Pengeluara Sedekah
Total
n
 Orang yang dikuasai oleh harta dan perniagannya sehingga
mengabaikan kewajiban terhadap Allah SWT adalah orang-orang
yang iman dan akhlaqnya rendah dan bertentangan dengan Syari’ah
Islamiyah.

 Adab dan etika perniagaan hendaklah dijaga dan kewajiban

terhadap Allah tidak boleh diabaikan.

 Contohnya :
Seorang peniaga haruslah meninggalkan sebentar
perniagaannya sekiranya terdengar seruan azan
berkumandang untuk menunaikan kewajiban
solat .
 Kegiatan perdagangan harus dijalankan oleh pihak-pihak
yang terlibat atas dasar suka sama suka. Tidak boleh
dilakukan atas dasar paksaan, tipu daya, kezaliman,
menguntungkan satu pihak diatas kerugian pihak lain.

 Allah SWT berfirman dalam surat An-Nisaa (4):29 :Hai

orang-orang yang beriman janganlah kamu saling
memakan harta sesamamu dengan jalan
yang bathil, kecuali dengan jalan perniagaan
yang berjalan atas dasar suka sama suka
diantara kamu.
 The business must be clear of the elements of riba which was
clearly forbidden by God, but to promote trade, investment.
 Any predetermined payment over and above the actual
amount of principle is prohibited.
 The lender must share in the profits or losses arise of the
enterprise for which the money was lent.
 Gharar (uncertainty, risk or speculation) is also prohibited.
 Every Muslim is required to bring to justice
even to themselves. They are also required to
submit a trust to the beneficiary. In business,
justice and honesty should still be
upheld. Reducing the weight and size is a big
sin
 Purchase of traded goods should be an
honest good "substance and nature." Islamic
law of illegal trade in goods such as liquor,
pork, gambling, stolen goods, prostitution
and other.
 Dalam hadis, Rasulullah SAW bersabda :
Sesungguhnya Allah SWT jika mengharamkan
suatu barang, maka harganya pun haram juga.
(HR Ahmad dan Abu Daud)
 Islam guarantees freedom of markets and
individual freedom to do business, but Islam
prohibits the selfish actions, to exploit the
situation and are generally driven by greed
and inconvenience the public.
 Islam prohibits the immorality and the
system continues to take advantage of
weaknesses and shortcomings of others by
using various means, to a large gain. In this
way the fiqh is usually known as purchase and
talaqqi najash ar-rukban.
 Yang dimaksud jual beli “najash” adalah
seperti seorang yang seolah-olah akan
membeli barang dengan harga tinggi, agar
calon pembeli yang sebenarnya berani
membeli dengan harga yang lebih tinggi.
Sedangkan “talaqqi ar-rukban” adalah
seseorang yang mengetahui kehadiran
pedagang dari luar kawasan kemudian,
orang tersebut membelinya dengan harga
murah dan dibawah harga pasaran,
kemudian menjualnya dengan harga yang
jauh lebih mahal.
 Gharar or lack of explanation. Sale and
purchase that contain elements gharar can
cause conflict, because the goods traded are
not well known, so it is possible to place
fraud. For example, the sale and purchase of
fish that are still in the pool of unknown size,
type and appearance.
‫))بيع السلم‬
 DEFINITION :

A contract in which advance payment is made for goods to

be delivered later on. The seller undertakes to supply some
specific goods to the buyer at a future date in exchange of an
advance price fully paid at the time of contract.
[Menjual suatu barang yang penyerahannya ditunda.Ciri-cirinya jelas dengan
pembayaran modal lebih awal, kemudian barang itu diserahkan.]
 OBJECTIVE :

Provide a mechanism that ensures that the seller has the

liquidity they expected from entering into the transaction in
the first place.

[Saling membantu antara pengguna dan pembuat bagi mendapatkan kedudukan sebenar
dalam perniagaan.]
Mortgage
 DEFINATION :

To pledge or lodge a real or corporeal property of material

value, in accordance with the law, as security, for a debt or
pecuniary obligation so as to make it possible for the creditor
to recover the debt or some portion of the goods or
property.

[Satu cara barang gadaian dijadikan aset yang bernilai untuk mendapatkan pembiayaan atau
hutang. Gadaian tersebut akan digunakan untuk menyelesaikan hutang tersebut sekiranya
pemiutang gagal menjelaskan hutangnya.]
The good loan
 DEFINITION

A loan which is returned at the end of the agreed period

without any interest or share in the profit or loss of the
business. Therefore, it is a kind of gratuitous loan given to
the needy people for a fixed period without requiring the
payment of interest or profit. The receiver only required to
repay the original amount of the loan.
 [Pinjaman tanpa dikenakan hasil sama sekali. Sumber dana yang digunakan untuk
memberikan pinjaman ini berasal dari zakat, infak, sadaqah. Bank bertindak sebagai muqridh
dan peminjam hanya diminta mengembalikan pokoknya. Jika peminjam secara sukarela
melebihkan pembayaran maka akan menjadi sadaqah yang akan digunakan sebagai sumber
dana.]
Agency
 DEFINITION

Means agency, or the delegating of a duty to another party

for specific purposes and under specific conditions. Under
this concept, the bank acts as your agent in completing a
particular financial transaction. As your agent, the Bank will
be paid a certain amount of fee for the services it provides.

[Perjanjian memberi kepercayaan dan hak daripada seseorang kepada pihak lain sebagai wakil
dalam melaksanakan urusan tertentu.  Segala hak dan kewajiban yang diberikan harus
dilaksanakan seperti yang telah diberikan.  Wakil boleh mendapatkan keuntungan di luar
transaksi atau berdasarkan kesepakatan bersama.]
Safekeeping
 DEFINITION

Interest free safekeeping services of your money, as well as

a share of any profit that the bank makes on your behalf.
They use an Islamic banking principle guaranteed custody. It
ensures Islamic financial institutions acquire deposits under
Islamic banking principles. Bank has authority to use your
deposits under a guarantee to return it when you need it.
You will receive a share of the profits earned by the bank
when it utilizes your money to invest in its business ventures.
[Akad perjanjian simpan antara pihak yang mempunyai barang dan pihak yang di beri
kepercayaan.   Bank di beri izin untuk mengelola wang tersebut. Bank dibolehkan juga
memberikan saguhati kepada pemilik wang, namun bila terjadi kerugian Bank wajib
menggantinya.]
 OBJECTIVE

A bank is deemed as a keeper and trustee of funds and

becomes wholly responsible and liable for its safekeeping
with a guarantee refund of the entire amount of the deposit

[Bank bertanggungjawab menjaga keselamatan, keamanan, keutuhan barang tersebut dari

kecurian, kemusnahan, dan kehilangan dengan jaminan pulangan seluruh jumlah deposit]
Deferred payment sale
 DEFINITION :

The sale of goods on a deferred payment basis at a price,

which includes a profit margin agreed to by both parties.
Technically, this financing facility is based on the activities of
buying and selling. Installments remain fixed over the period
of the contract and no adjustment is made if interest rates
fluctuate. The fixed monthly installments are determined by
the selling price, repayment period and the percentage
margin of financing.

[Ia adalah penjualan barangan berasaskan bayaran tertangguh. BBA boleh didefinisikan
sebagai jualan dengan bayaran tertangguh atau bayaran secara ansuran. Ansuran tetap
selama tempoh kontrak. Ansuran bulanan tetap ditentukan oleh harga jual, tempoh bayaran
dan peratusan margin pembiayaan.]