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Robert Bosch Ltda
Divisão de Sistemas de Chassis
• Atuação
Sistema de Freios - Grupos: • Freio Básico
Freio Básico
Atuação
Modulação
ABS / TCS / ESP
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Robert Bosch Ltda
Divisão de Sistemas de Chassis
Disco
2 Cilindro Mestre
Pastilhas
Haste 3
Solo
CILINDRO
PEDAL MESTRE FREIO RODA
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Robert Bosch Ltda
Divisão de Sistemas de Chassis
1. Atuação
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Robert Bosch Ltda
Divisão de Sistemas de Chassis
2. Freio básico
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Robert Bosch Ltda
Divisão de Sistemas de Chassis
Princípio de funcionamento
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ESP
Componentes
Unidade Hidráulica
Pressão
Sensor da Velocidade de
Rotação e Acelereção Lateral
(DRS)
Sensor de Ângulo de Volante (LWS)
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Robert Bosch Ltda
Evolução dos Sistemas de Modulação
Performance
Controle da Dinâmica
Veicular ESP 1995/1999
Distribuição Eletrônica
de Frenagem EBD 1994/1996
Sistema Anti-Deslizamento
(Controle de Tração)
Integrado ao ABS
ABS+TC 1987/1996
Sistema Anti-Bloqueio
de Freio
ABS 1978/1989
Funções
Obs.: AAAA/YYYY refere-se ao ano de lançamento pela Bosch (AAAA) e a 1ª aplicação no Brasil (YYYY)
CS-CaW2/EAS 286 05
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Robert Bosch Ltda
Evolução do Sistema ABS - Bosch
ABS 2
kg kByte
200
6
ABS 5.0
Peso do Módulo ABS
6,2 kg
128 kB
ABS 5.3
ABS 5.7 100
Processador
3
3,8 kg ABS 8
2,6 kg
2,5 kg
32 kB
1,6 kg
24 kB
16 kB
8 kB
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ABS
Comportamento do veículo sem ABS
CS-CaW2/EAS 286 05
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ABS
Comportamento do veículo com ABS
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ABS
Noções Básicas
O que é o ABS?
Antes de mais nada é preciso entender o que significa a sigla ABS: são as
iniciais de “Antilock Brake System”, que em português significa “sistema de
anti-travamento do freio”. Existe também uma correlação com “Anti-Blockier
System” em alemão, que significa “sistema anti-bloqueio”.
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ABS
Funcionamento
Pois:
Veículos com rodas travadas não são estáveis durante a frenagem
Veículos com rodas travadas não possuem dirigibilidade
Veículos com rodas travadas têm maior distância de parada
(na maioria dos casos)
CS-CaW2/EAS 286 05
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ABS
Funções dos Componentes
Anel de Impulso
• É o componente que gera o sinal a ser lido pelo Sensor de Rotação.
Sensor de Rotação
• Captar sinais de cada uma das 4 rodas e os transmitir a UEC.
Unidade Hidráulica
• Válvulas Solenóides controlam a pressão do fluído de freio em cada uma
das rodas.
• A bomba faz o retorno do fluído de freio dos cilindros de roda, se necessário.
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ABS
Regulagem sem e com ABS
V Veic
.
VRoda
Sem ABS P Roda
ZONA INSTÁVEL
V Veic.
Modulação de pressão
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ABS
Benefícios (I)
1. Estabilidade
Tentativa de
correção pelo
motorista
Ação de força
lateral (FL)
FL FL
Início da frenagem
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ABS
Benefícios (II)
2. Dirigibilidade
Início da frenagem
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ABS
Benefícios (III)
Veículo 50Km/h
20
+14,5%
+12,5%
15 +12,5%
3. Distância de frenagem
10
0
Asfalto Seco Asfalto Molhado Paralelepípedo Seco
Veículo 80Km/h
50
+23,0% +22,0%
40 +19,7%
30
20
10 30,2 36,2 34,5 42,5 32,0 39,1
0
Com ABS Sem ABS Asfalto Seco Asfalto Molhado Paralelepípedo Seco
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ABS
Esquema Hidráulico
Esquema Hidráulico
ABS
ABS
Legenda
1 Cilindro Mestre;
2 Unidade Hidráulica;
3 Câmara de Amortecimento;
4 Bomba de retorno;
5 Motor Elétrico;
6 Câmara Acumuladora;
7 Válvula de Entrada;
8 Válvula de Saída;
9 Freios de roda.
Acréscimo de pressão
Manutenção de pressão
HL VR VL HR Redução de pressão
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ABS+TC
Veiculo sem controle de tração
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ABS+TC
Veiculo com controle de tração
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ABS+TC
Esquema Hidráulico
Esquema
Hidráulico
ABS / TC
ABS + TC
Legenda
1 Cilindro Mestre
2 Unidade Hidráulica
3 Câmara de Amortecimento
4 Bomba de retorno
5 Motor Elétrico
6 Câmara Acumuladora
7 Válvula de Entrada
8 Válvula de Saída
9 Freios de roda
10 Válvula piloto
11 Válvula controladora de pressão
HL Traseira Esquerda
VR Dianteira Direita
VL Dianteira Esquerda
HL VR VL HR HR Traseira Direita
CS-CaW2/EAS 286 05
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Robert Bosch Ltda
Esquema elétrico TC
CS-CaW2/EAS 286 05
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Robert Bosch Ltda
Programa Eletrônico de Estabilidade
Programa Eletrônico de
Estabilidade
Controle da Dinâmica
Veicular
VDC
CS-CaW2/EAS 286 05
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Robert Bosch Ltda
ESP em ação
CS-CaW2/EAS 286 05
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ESP
Descrição
ESP
Electronic Stability Program
TCS (1995/BR:1999)
EBD Traction Control System
Electronic Brake Distribution
ABS (1994/BR:1996)
(1987/BR:1996)
Antilock Braking System
(1978/BR:1989)
CS-CaW2/EAS 286 05
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties
Robert Bosch Ltda
ESP
CS-CaW2/EAS 286 05
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties
ESP
Sensor de rotação
Sensor de
Elemento
rotação ativo
Hall ou AMR
Campo
magnético
Pólos
Anel de impulso magnéticos
multipolar
CS-CaW2/EAS 286 05
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Sensor de Rotação Ativo
Identificação dos terminais
DS: Sinal
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Sensor de Rotação Ativo
Metodologia de Teste
DP
VD NS
Sensor
C
NS Ativo
0,8V 22%
NS
D
S
R= 115
CS-CaW2/EAS 286 05
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ESP
Sensor de Ângulo de Volante (LWS)
Interface via
Processador
CAN
Encaixe da
Sensores coluna de
AMR direção
Medidores
de ângulo
do volante
CS-CaW2/EAS 286 05
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ESP - Sensor de Aceleração Lateral e de
Velocidade Angular em torno do eixo vertical (DRS)
Processador
Sensor de
aceleração lateral
Invólucro do
sensor X
Carcaça
CS-CaW2/EAS 286 05
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ESP
Comportamento do Veículo
DRS = LWS
DRS > LWS
“Veículo sai de traseira” “Trajetória
Normal”
(Sobresterçar)
LWS
LWS
DRS < LWS
DRS
DRS
“Veículo sai de frente”
(Subesterçar)
CS-CaW2/EAS 286 05
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ESP
Exemplos
(Subesterçamento) (Sobresterçamento)
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ESP
Esquema Hidráulico
Esquema Hidráulico
VDC
ESP
Sensor de
Pressão
HL VR VL HR
CS-CaW2/EAS 286 05
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FIAT Stilo
ABS+TCS/ESP 5.7 - Diagnose
CS-CaW2/EAS 286 05
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties
TCS/ESP 5.7 Fiat
Cuidados na montagem dos cubos de roda
Ao prensar o rolamento
no montante de roda,
evite que a bucha ou
Sensor de dispositivo de montagem
velocidade escorregue e venha a
danificar o anel
emborrachado (anel de
impulso).
De aparência semelhante
a um simples anel
retentor ou de proteção,
esta peça é de extrema
importância para o
funcionamento do
Anel danificado na prensagem ABS+TC e ESP. Ela
(distância muito longa do sensor) contém pequenos ímãs
que geram um sinal
elétrico no sensor de
velocidade.
Jamais permita que este
anel sofra choques
durante o manuseio.
CS-CaW2/EAS 286 05
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TCS/ESP 5.7 Fiat
Cuidados com os cabos dos sensores
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Robert Bosch Ltda
TCS/ESP 5.7 Fiat
Os cabos jamais
podem ser
tocados pela roda
do veículo, sob
pena de causar
danos irreparáveis
ao sensor e à
própria Centralina
do ABS+TC ou
ESP
CS-CaW2/EAS 286 05
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties
ABS+TC e ESP 5.7
Montagem e desmontagem do conector elétrico
CS-CaW2/EAS 286 05
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ABS+TC e ESP 5.7
Cuidados na substituição da Centralina
Ao susbstituir uma
Centralina ABS+TC ou ESP,
não permita que impurezas
contaminem os orifícios
onde se conectam os tubos
de freio. Os tampões devem
ser imediatamente
recolocados na Centralina
defeituosa antes de enviá-la
ERRADO! Certo para a análise de garantia
pela Bosch. As Centralinas
recebidas pela Bosch em
garantia sem os tampões
serão consideradas como
“Reclamação Improcedente”
e devolvidas.
Os contatos elétricos devem
ser protegidos com a tampa
plástica.
CS-CaW2/EAS 286 05
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ABS+TC/ESP 5.7
Identificação da Centralina ABS+TC e ESP
Número de
Part Number Desenho FIAT
Bosch
Data de Fabricação e
Número de Serial
CS-CaW2/EAS 286 05
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Datas de fabricação gravadas nas
Centralinas ABS+TC e ESP (I)
Janeiro 061 161 261 361 461 561 661 761 861 961
Fevereiro 062 162 262 362 462 562 662 762 862 962
Março 063 163 263 363 463 563 663 763 863 963
Abril 064 164 264 364 464 564 664 764 864 964
Maio 065 165 265 365 465 565 665 765 865 965
Junho 066 166 266 366 466 566 666 766 866 966
Julho 067 167 267 367 467 567 667 767 867 967
Agosto 068 168 268 368 468 568 668 768 868 968
Setembro 069 169 269 369 469 569 669 769 869 969
Outubro 070 170 270 370 470 570 670 770 870 970
Novembro 071 171 271 371 471 571 671 771 871 971
Dezembro 072 172 272 372 472 572 672 772 872 972
Mês/Ano 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999
CS-CaW2/EAS 286 05
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Datas de fabricação gravadas nas
Centralinas ABS+TC e ESP ( II )
Janeiro 081 181 281 381 481 581 681 781 881 981
Fevereiro 082 182 282 382 482 582 682 782 882 982
Março 083 183 283 383 483 583 683 783 883 983
Abril 084 184 284 384 484 584 684 784 884 984
Maio 085 185 285 385 485 585 685 785 885 985
Junho 086 186 286 386 486 586 686 786 886 986
Julho 087 187 287 387 487 587 687 787 887 987
Agosto 088 188 288 388 488 588 688 788 888 988
Setembro 089 189 289 389 489 589 689 789 889 989
Outubro 090 190 290 390 490 590 690 790 890 990
Novembro 091 191 291 391 491 591 691 791 891 991
Dezembro 092 192 292 392 492 592 692 792 892 992
Mês/Ano 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
CS-CaW2/EAS 286 05
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ABS/ESP 5.7
Retrabalho de sangria – circuito X
ciclagem de AV - VL* ciclagem de AV - VR*
CS-CaW2/EAS 286 05
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ABS/ESP 5.7
Sangria circuito primário
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ABS/ESP 5.7
Sangria circuito secundário
CS-CaW2/EAS 286 05
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Robert Bosch Ltda
Esquema elétrico ESP
CS-CaW2/EAS 286 05
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties