ANATOMY OF FEMALE PELVIC

By: Tiyas K

Airlangga Department of Child-Maternity Nursing

University Nursing Faculty 2010
 PELVIC

A. Solid part : Pelvic bone

B. Soft part : Pelvic ligament &
muscle
A. PELVIC BONE
 2 Innominate bone :
- Os illium
- Os ischium
- Os pubic

 Sacrum
 Coccyx
PELVIC BONE
PELVIC BONE
PELVIC BONE
PELVIC BONE
Sacrum
PELVIC BONE
Tulang Coccygis
Ischium Function
 Support body weight (tuber ischiadica)
Fungsi os Coccygis

 In labor this bone extent to posterior in

order to wider the pelvic outlet
 Pelvic Inlet/Pelvic brim

 Area bordered by:

 Promontorium

 Sacrum

 Linea inominata
 Ramus Superior ossis
Pubis
 Uper border of
Symphisis pubis
 Pelvic outlet

Area bordered by:

 Ujung bawah Sacrum

 Tulang Tuber

Ischiadica
 Sacro-coccygeal

 Lower border of

symphisis pubis
 Normal pelvic measurement

Distansia
Cristarum

Distansia
Spinarum

Distansia Cristarum: 28—29 cm

Distansia Spinarum: 25—26 cm
Inside Pelvic measurement

• Conjugata Diagonalis = 12,5—13cm

• Conjugata Vera = CD – (1,5—2cm)
• Conjugata Obstetrika = terpendek
 Hodge line
 Hodge I: imagination line drawn from promontorium
to the upper border of symphisis pubis
 Hodge II: parallel with hodge I measured from
lower border of symphisis
 Hodge III: parallel with hodge II, measured from
spina ischiadica
 Hodge IV: parallel with hodge III, measured from
coccyx tip
B. PELVIC LIGAMENT & MUSCLE
 LIGAMENT connect the pelvic joint

 Ligament interpubic pada symphysis pubis

 Ligament sacro iliaca
 Ligament sacro-coccygeal
 Ligament sacro-tuberous
 Ligament sacro spinosus
 PELVIC MUSCLE
The inner aspect of the bony pelvis is covered with muscles:

 Above the brim --- iliacus & psoas

 Sidewalls ---- obturator internus & its fascia

 Post wall ---- pyriformis

 Pelvic floor ---- lavator ani & coccygeus

PELVIC MUSCLE
Conjugata Vera
 Sacral promontory

Left sacro-iliac joint

Iliopectineal line

Sacrospinous ligament

Sacrotuberous ligament

Ischial spine

Symphysis pubis

Ischial tuberosity
 PELVIC EXAMINATION
• X-Ray
• Jangka Panggul
• Distansia Cristarum
• Distansia Spinarum
• Conjugata eksterna/Bouldeloque: distance between
upper border symphysis pubis with prosessus spinosus
lumbal 5. the normal measurement 18—20 cm
• Vaginal Touché
Vaginal Touché Examintion

 Promontorium touched/not
 Conjugata Vera normal/not
 Spina Ischiadica prominent/not
 Arkus pubis wide/narrow
 Sakrum curve/not

Note:
•Touched Promontory usually indicated narrow pelvic
•Height ≤145 cm also indicated narrow pelvic
Differentiation between female and male pelvic
Pelvic Shape
 PELVIC SHAPE
1-GYNECOID
 Typical female pelvis found in 50% of women

 Rounded—slightly oval inlet

 Straight pelvic sidewalls with roomy pelvic cavity

 Good sacral curve

 Ischial spines are not prominent

 Pubic arch is wide

 PELVIC SHAPE
2-ANDROID
 Typical male pelvis found in 1/3 white women 1/6
non-white
 Pelvic brim is heart shaped

 Pelvis funnels from above downwards (convergent

sidewalls)
 Narrow pubic arch

 Prominent spines
PELVIC SHAPE
3-ANTHROPOID
 25% white women & 50% nonwhite

 Pelvic brim APD > TD

 Long & narrow pelvic canal with long sacrum

 Straight pelvic sidewalls

4-PLATYPELLOID
 3% of women

 Pelvic brim TD >>>APD  kidney shape

 Sacral promontory pushed forwards

Pelvic Shape Deviation
A. Panggul Naegele
B. Panggul Rakhitis
C. Panggul Skoliosis
D. Panggul Kifosis
E. -”- dari Samping
F. Panggul Osteomalasia
G. Panggul Spondilolistesis
H. Panggul Robert
Causes of pelvic deviation
 Congenital:
- Narrow palvic
- Simple flat
- Funnel (narrow outlet)
- Assimilation
 Disease :
- Rachitic
- Osteomalasia
- TBC
- Lordosis
- Skoliosis
- Kifosis
- Spondilosis
Deviation impact
 Prolonged labor
 CPD (Chepalo Pelvic Disproportion)
 Breech presentation
 Infertility
 POST TEST
 Pelvic anatomy contains of what kind of part?
 What can you mention about Pelvic bone?
 What can you mention about Pelvic ligament?
 What can you mention about pelvic muscle?
 What do you know about pelvic shape?
 What would happen if the pelvic is not normal in
measurement?
Daftar pustaka
 Wyknyosastro , S., (2002) Ilmu Kebidanan. Jakarta:
Yayasan Bina Pustaka Sarwono Prawiroharjo
 Cunningham, H. et. al., (2005) Williams Obstetrics.
22nd. New York: McGRAW-HILL
 Bobak, LM. & Jensen, MD., (2005) Maternity &
Gynecology Care: The Nurse and The Family. 5th Ed.
St. Louis: Mosby company
THANK YOU

“PLEASE WORK HARD IN

THIS NEW SEMESTER”