Epi Lepsi
Epi Lepsi
PERDOSSI, 2014
INTERNATIONAL CLASSIFICATION OF SEIZURES 1981
Unclassified 2
focal to bilateral tonic-clonic
1 Definitions, other seizure types and descriptors are listed in the accompanying paper & glossary of terms
From Fisher et al. Instruction manual for the ILAE 2017 operational
classification of seizure types. Epilepsia doi: 10.1111/epi.13671
ILAE 2017 Classification of Seizure Types Expanded Version1
Aware
Impaired Motor Motor
Awareness tonic-clonic tonic-clonic
clonic epileptic spasms
Motor Onset tonic Non-Motor
automatisms myoclonic
myoclonic-tonic-clonic behavior arrest
atonic2
clonic myoclonic-atonic
epileptic spasms2 atonic
hyperkinetic epileptic spasms2
Non-Motor (absence) Unclassified3
myoclonic
tonic typical
Non-Motor Onset atypical
myoclonic
autonomic
eyelid myoclonia
behavior arrest
cognitive
emotional 1 Definitions, other seizure types and descriptors are listed in the
sensory accompanying paper and glossary of terms.
2 These could be focal or generalized, with or without alteration of awareness
focal to bilateral tonic-clonic 3 Due to inadequate information or inability to place in other categories
From Fisher et al. Instruction manual for the ILAE 2017 operational
classification of seizure types. Epilepsia doi: 10.1111/epi.13671
TANDA/GEJALA KEJANG/BANGKITAN EPILEPTIK
Bila epilepsi terjadi terjadi kurang dari 2 tahun atau pada dewasa (18+)
Pada anamnesis didapatkan onset bangkitan fokal (kecuali benign focal epilepsy
berdasarkan EEG)
Bangkitan tetap terjadi meskipuns sudah dipakai OAE lini 1
CT scan dipilih apabila MRI tidak tersedia, atau kontraindikasi
Jenis Lini 1 Tidak cocok Obat ke 2 Tambahan
bangkitan Lini 1
fokal CBZ, Levetiracetam, Alternatif dari CBZ, clobazam,
lamotrigine oxcarbazepine,VA 5 macam OAE gabapentin,
ini lamotrigine,
levetiracetam, ox-
CB, VA, topiramate
General VA lamotrigine CBZ, Ox-CB clobazam,
tonik klonik lamotrigine,
levetiracetam,VA,
topiramate
Absans Ethosuximide, lamotrigine Alternatif dari clobazam,
VA 3 macam OAE clonazepam,
ini levetiracetam,
topiramate,
zonisamide
Jenis Lini 1 Tidak cocok Obat ke 2 Tambahan
bangkitan Lini 1
myoclonic VA Levetiracetam, Alternatif dari Clobazam,
topiramate 3 macam OAE clonazepam,
ini piracetam,
zonisamide
tonik/ atonik VA lamotrigine rufinamide,
topiramate
PRECAUTION
Kejadian depresi napas dan kardiovaskuler lebih tinggi pada status epilepticus
untreated dibandingkan dengan pemberian initial therapy PENTING !
Prehospital
0-10 menit Prehospital primary survey
Diazepam supp 10-20 mg, dapat diulang 15 menit
PERDOSSI, 2014
Midazolam im 10 mg (single dose)
Diazepam iv (0,15-2 mg/kg BB, max 10 mg) (may repeat once)
SE Dini
0-30 menit Diazepam iv (0,15-2 mg/kg BB, max 10 mg) (may repeat once)
OAE yang rutin dikonsumsi diberikan
PERDOSSI, 2014
Phenytoin 15-18 mg/kg, kecepatan maksimal 50 mg/menit
SE Menetap
0-60 menit Phenytoin 15-18 mg/kg, kecepatan maksimal 50 mg/menit
Atau
Phenobarbital 10-15 mg/kg iv kecepatan 100 mg/menit
PERDOSSI, 2014
SE Refrakter ICU
30-90 menit Konsul Anestesi
Terapi: Propofol, midazolam, thiopental dipertahankan 12-24 jam
sampai bangkitan klinis/elektrografis terakhir, tappering off
PERDOSSI, 2014
ACUTE SYMPTOMATIC SEIZURE
Aminoff, 2014
RENAL FAILURE
Cardioembolic stroke
Focal ischemia
Global cerebral ischemia
Problematika: Benzodiazepin: menyebabkan hipotensi pada org tua
Fenitoin: menyebabkan hipotensi dan aritmia
Carbamazepin: symptomatic arrhythmia
CRITICALLY ILL PATIENT