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C O M P U T E R & I N F O R M AT I O N P RO C E S S I N G

TOPIC 1 :

INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER

DELAILAH BT ABDULLAH
NURHAZATUL SYAWARDIAH MOHAMAD
 DEFINITIONS

• A computer is an electronic device.

Designed to work with information.
• The computer takes information in,
processes that information and then
displays the results.
• A computer are everywhere .
• IMPOSSIBLE TO IMAGINE OUR LIVES WITHOUT
COMPUTERS.
 COMPUTER

• Personal computers are

common life tools
• New form of learning
has developed
• College course
• Computers offer
communication avenues
INFORMATION PROCESSING CYCLE

Produces
Processing information
(output)
Collects data
(input)
 HOW COMPUTER WORKS

MONITOR

KEYBOARD

INPUT DEVICES DISK

DISK TAPE PRINTER

AUXILIARY STORAGE OUTPUT DEVICES

 COMPONENTS OF A COMPUTER

SYSTEM UNIT

INPUT / OUTPUT

SECONDARY STORAGE

COMMUNICATIONS
 • The term 'computer hardware' or 'computer
parts' is used to describe computer
components that can be seen and touched.

SECONDARY
SYSTEM UNIT INPUT / OUTPUT STORAGE COMMUNICATIONS

KEYBOARD PEN DRIVE

PRINTER

CENTRAL
PROCESSING MOUSE MONITOR DISKETTE MODEM
UNIT (CPU)
 SYSTEM UNIT

• Also known as SYSTEM CHASSIS

• Houses most of the electronic components
• Contains system’s electronic components and
selected secondary devices.

System unit

System unit
System unit
 INPUT / OUTPUT

• Input devices convert what we understand

into what the system unit can process
• Output devices convert what the system
unit has processed into a form that we
can understand
 INPUT
• Any data or instructions used by a computer
• Input devices translate data into a form that
the system unit can process
• Some hardware input devices include :
 OUTPUT

• Translate computer data into usable information

• Relay the response from the computer in the form
of a visual response (monitor), sound (speakers) or
media devices (CD or DVD drives).
 SECONDARY STORAGE

 Holds data and program even if power is off

 Provides permanent or nonvolatile storage.

• Hard disk - Contains one or more inflexible,

circular platters that uses
magnetic particles to store data

• Solid-stage -No moving parts and more

storange reliable.
• Optical disc - Laser technology and CDs
DVDs, Blu-ray
 COMMUNICATIONS

• Communications devices
 Provide the ability for personal computers
to communicate
• Modems
 Modify audio , video and other types of data
for internet usage
 TYPES OF COMPUTER

• Personal • Mainframe
PCs Process large amounts
Five types of PCs of data

• Midrange • Supercomputers
Most powerful computers
Servers
 PERSONAL COMPUTER

• As we called PC

• A personal computer can perform all of

its input, processing, output, and storage
activities by itself

• Two popular architectures are the PC

and the Apple
 5 PERSONAL COMPUTER TYPES

1. Desktop 3. Smartphones
4. Tablet
2. Laptop
5. Wearables
(Notebook)
 MIDRANGE COMPUTERS

• Server controls access to the

hardware, software, and
other resources on a
network
• Originally, companies use to
support their processing
needs
 MAINFRAME COMPUTERS

• A large, expensive, powerful computer

capable of great processing speeds and
data storage
• Insurance companies use mainframes to
process information about millions of
policyholders
 SUPER COMPUTERS

• Is the fastest, most

powerful computer
• High-capacity computers
used by very large
organizations.
• Typically is used to
process massive amounts
of data.
 COMPUTER IN SOCIETY

Education
• Everything is done online.
• For eg: MOOC , i-class and i-learn.
• With the advance of ICT, education has become more accessible

Finance
• To keep records of personal budgets to reporting
the earnings of a business as well as electronic
transfers of money.
 COMPUTER IN SOCIETY

Government
• Employment under www.jpa.my
• Store citizens data for eg: ID, Licenses,etc
• EPF, Pension funds
• www.jpj.gov.my to look for summons as e.g.

TEACH YOUR CHILDREN

• Help to educate your children.
• Math, history, geography, enhance creativity
programs designed to assist children available
 COMPUTER IN SOCIETY

Science
• Use by NASA in USA for civilian space program for peaceful purpose that
can help mankind to explore space and aeronautics, and flight research.
• Astronaut, Dr Sheikh Muszaphar was launched to the “International Space
Station” with a mission to take various live cell cultures to study
• Without computer, science cannot advance

Publishing
• Creates letters, resumes, reports, newsletters, memos.
• It has various functions : Editing , writing, printing
 COMPUTER IN SOCIETY

Travel
• Digital map e.g. google maps
• Book train, bus, airline tickets
• Make restaurant reservation

Manufacturing
• To control entire production process
• Store inventory
ADVANTAGE USING COMPUTER

Speed Storage

Consistenc
Reliability
y

Communication
s
DISADVANTAGE USING COMPUTER

Health Risks Public Safety

Impact on Environment

Impact of Labor Force

Violation of Privacy
 INFORMATION SYSTEMS

• Is a computer-based tools.
• To collect, store and process data.
• Government provides services and manage economy.
• A formal, technical, organizational systems
designed to collect, process, store and distribute
information.
• It is composed of people and computers that
processes or interprets information.
 PARTS OF AN INFORMATION SYSTEM

People
• People are the users
• Without people , input will not be possible.
• Find information all the time eg: google website

procedures
• Set of coded instructions that tell
Computer how to run a program or
calculation.
 PARTS OF AN INFORMATION SYSTEM

software
• The computer brain
• Without software, most computers would
be useless.
• Tells hardware what to do

hardware
• A physical part of computer.
• Anything you can touch and see.
• Software gives instructions, can be stored
& run by hardware.
 PARTS OF AN INFORMATION SYSTEM

data
• Process by CPU
• Represented as bytes
• Fact and statistics collected together for reference
• Is information that has been translated into a form that is
efficient for processing

The internet
• Sometimes called simply "the Net," is a
worldwide system of computer networks
• A global system of interconnected computer
networks
 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DATA &
INFORMATION

Data Information
can be something presented in a given
simple and seemingly context so as to make it
random and useless useful, it is called
until it is organized. information.

Example Each student's test score The average score of a

is one piece of data. class or of the entire
school is information that
can be derived from the
given data.
 SOHO

• Small Office / Home Office

• Refers to the small or home office environment
and the business culture that surrounds it.
• Home office become popular choice for a work
environment because Internet-based technologies
allow individuals to work from home using
email, Web, and remote access software to
communicate with global employers
 FUTURE FOR COMPUTERS

• Futuristic super-power
flying car
• Computerized chair
• Instead of carrying laptops
or phones, replace it with
wearables. With a tap, a cyber
monitor will appear in thin air
and transmit information
 COMPUTERS FOR :

Career
• Online jobs eg: jobstreet.com, resumes
to linkedin
• launch new products
• To keep data for bank customers

Opportunities
• Promotion
• New busines
• Find life partners
• Travel
• Learn new life skills
The end ..