Sandip Institute of Engineering & Management

Mahiravani ,Nashik
Department of Electrical Engineering
Academic Year 2019-2020

Prepared by Class A Guide :-

Prathamesh chopade (03) Prof. R.K.Jha
DETAILED CONTENTS FOR FINAL SEMINAR
• Abstract
• Modern Technology Demands
• Definition of Graphene
• Why used ?
• Features of Graphene
• Limitations
• Overcomes
• US Market of Graphene anode Battery
• Reference
• A single layer of graphite is Graphene.

• Graphene has attracted extensive interest in the field of super

capacitors & battery research due to its 2D structure which gives
superior electrical conductivity & mechanical properties as well .

• Area of Graphene does not vary with pore size distribution &
grants Electrolyte access to both its surface.

• This Article Or Presentation aims to review the advances in

recent research & development of use of Graphene for electrode
in battery for better efficiency .
MODERN TECHNOLOGY DEMANDS
“Advanced materials for better future”
Which material can build coming future?
NothiNg else but “CeramiC”
FLEXIBLE ELECTRONICS

ENERGY STORAGE
SYSTEM

ELECTRICAL
TRANSMISSION
Strongest so Thinnest ever Highest
far known electrical
conductivity

Graphene: a miracle
ceramic class material
--Gathers all these superb
properties--

Outstanding Fascinating
Higher
thermal energy storage
transparency
conductivity
 WHAT IS GRAPHENE?

 Graphene just an atom thick isolated plane carbon structure

was hidden in that pencil
MOTHER OF ALL CARBON NANOSTRUCTURES
HOME OF GRAPHENE
Andre Geim and Konstantin Novoselov won the Nobel Prize
in 2010 for groundbreaking
experiments back in 2004: “first peeling off single layer
graphene”
 TODAY’S FOCUS

We won’t explore whole graphene world

Just highlight:
“ Graphene enhanced rechargeable
battery for higher energy”
ENERGY STORAGE
 This term simply denotes energy capture from grid supply and
utilize on demand
 Battery well known electrochemical Storage
KEY ISSUE IN POWER-HUNGRY
ELECTRONIC DEVICE
Prime challenge of upcoming days
 RECHARGEABLE BATTERY ENERGY STORAGE
 Well known energy storage system
 Store energy by charging again and again after discharge
LITHIUM ION BATTERY: AT A GLANCE

 Very promising type rechargeable

battery
 Operates on lithium ions transfer
anode to cathode during discharge
and back when charging
EARLY DAYS
 First attempt to fabricate in 1980
 Finally Sony first exposed it in 1991
 Their battery anode was solid carbonaceous coke material
USE OF GRAPHITE ANODE
 Since 1997 to till date most Li ion manufacturers including Sony,
shifted to graphite
 Graphite as electrode 48.1 % use in U.S.A
GLOBAL BOOM OF LI ION BATTERY
Widely used in electric vehicles, portable consumer electronics and grid
storage systems
WORLDWIDE MARKET SCENARIO
 Global lithium-ion battery market value in 2016 was USD 31.17
billion
 May reach to 67.70 billion by 2022
WHY USED?

 High energy density

 High safety level
 Quick charging
FURTHER IMPROVEMENTS TO BE DONE
 Reducing the weight
 Minimizing cost
 Enhancing power density
 Upgrading cyclic stability
 Increasing rate capability
NEWER ELECTRODES FOR HIGHER POWER
 Battery performances depend on electrode (anode/cathode) and
electrolyte materials
 Currently used graphite anode has charge storage capacity of
372 mAh/g
 We emphasize graphene anode substitution for superior
performances
SUPERB ELECTROCHEMICAL FEATURES OF
GRAPHENE
It possesses-

1. Very high charge storage capacity

2. Better coulombic efficiency
3. Higher cyclic stability
4. Upgraded rate capability
GRAPHENE BATTERY TO POWER THE WORLD
Engineers few years ago at Northwestern University showed
graphene anodes hold energy better than graphite, with 10x
faster charging

Properties Graphite Graphene

Electrical conductivity (cm2 V-1 s-1) 20000 250000
Surface area (m2 g-1) 14 2630
Mechanical strength (GPa) 0.076 1060
Thermal conductivity (Wm-1k-1) 114 3000
GRAPHENE ANODE JOURNEY
First in 2008 Yoo et al. reported
For GNS 540 mAh/g;
GNS+CNT 730 mAh/g;
GNS+C60 784mAh/g
LIMITATIONS HERE

 Anode volume expansion during charging

>> results poor structural and cyclic stability
 Slow Li ion diffusion kinetics due to interior space lacking
>> results lower rate performance
GRAPHENE NANOCOMPOSITE EVOLUTION
NANO COMPOSITE BREAKTHROUGHS
Reinforced particle give higher charge storage
Matrix graphene buffers anode volume expansion
>> So better cyclic stability
Also provides higher electronic conductivity
>> Superior rate performance
More interior voids
>> Results faster Li ion diffusion
PERFORMANCE EXPLOSION
GRAPHENE ANODE NA ION BATTERIES
Recently expanding technology due to
 Na more available and lower price than Li
 Alternative option overcoming Li scarcity and cost
 RECENT INVESTIGATIONS HIGHLIGHTS

To show promising findings

To predict future demand

PHOSPHORUS/GRAPHENE

PHOSPHORENE/GRAPHENE

SNS/N-DOPED GRAPHENE
PERFORMANCE EXPLOSION
CHALLENGES TO EXCEED
 Requires more comprehensive focus on anode structure and
performance relationship
 Needs vast production feasibility in industrial scale
 Keeping price within consumer limit
GRAPHENE BATTERY FOR NEXT GENERATION
 Outperform current commercial batteries
 ANGSTRON MATERIALS predicts-
FEW STEPS TAKEN TO USE GRAPHENE BATTERY
 Graphene Nanochem and Sync R&D’s October 2014 plan to co-
develop graphene-enhanced Li-ion batteries for electric buses
 UK based Perpetuus Carbon Group and OXIS Energy agreed in 2014 to
co-develop graphene-based batteries for electric cars
 US based Graphene 3D Labs, plans to print 3D graphene batteries
COMMERCIAL TRAVEL

 In June 2014, US based Vorbek materials announced world’s

first graphene enhanced battery weighs 450 grams, provides
7,200 mAh

 In November 2016, Huawei unvieled graphene enhanced Li

ion that can remain functional at higher temperature around 60
degree
EUROPE GRAPHENE BATTERY MARKET
SIZE (USD MILLION), (2014 – 2024)
REFERENCES
 A. https://globenewswire.com/news-release/2017/09/13/1120126/0/en/Global-Lithium-Ion-
Battery-Market-Will-Reach-USD-67-70-billion-by-2022-Zion-Market-Research.html
 B. Chang, K., & Chen, W. (2011). L-cysteine-assisted synthesis of layered
MoS2/graphene composites with excellent electrochemical performances for lithium ion
batteries. ACS nano, 5(6), 4720-4728
 Zhu, X., Zhu, Y., Murali, S., Stoller, M. D., & Ruoff, R. S. (2011). Nanostructured reduced
graphene oxide/Fe2O3 composite as a high-performance anode material for lithium ion
batteries. ACS nano, 5(4), 3333-3338
 Zhou, X., Wan, L. J., & Guo, Y. G. (2013). Binding SnO2 nanocrystals in nitrogen‐doped
graphene sheets as anode materials for lithium‐ion batteries. Advanced Materials, 25(15),
2152-2157.
 Shi, L., Pang, C., Chen, S., Wang, M., Wang, K., Tan, Z., ... & Liu, Z. (2017). Vertical
graphene growth on SiO microparticles for stable lithium ion battery anodes. Nano
Letters.
REFERENCES
 Yang, Y., Huang, J., Zeng, J., Xiong, J., & Zhao, J. (2017). Direct Electrophoretic Deposition of
Binder-Free Co3O4/Graphene Sandwich-Like Hybrid Electrode as Remarkable Lithium Ion
Battery Anode. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 9(38), 32801-32811.

 Xing, X., Yang, C., Wang, G., Lin, Y., Ou, X., Wang, J. H., ... & Huang, K. (2017). SnS
nanoparticles electrostatically anchored on three-dimensional N-doped graphene as an active
and durable anode for sodium-ion batteries. Energy & Environmental Science, 10(8), 1757-
1763.

 Song, J., Yu, Z., Gordin, M. L., Hu, S., Yi, R., Tang, D., ... & Manivannan, A. (2014). Chemically
bonded phosphorus/graphene hybrid as a high performance anode for sodium-ion
batteries. Nano letters, 14(11), 6329-6335.

 Sun, J., Lee, H. W., Pasta, M., Yuan, H., Zheng, G., Sun, Y., ... & Cui, Y. (2015). A
phosphorene–graphene hybrid material as a high-capacity anode for sodium-ion
batteries. Nature nanotechnology, 10(11), 980-985.
Thanks lot