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POST-WEANING MULTISYSTEMIC

WASTING SYNDROME

CIRCO VIRUS TYPE 2 INFECTION ?!

Authors:
Dušan Pernek, DVM, MSc.
Darja Mirt, DVM, PhD.
POSTWEANING M. WASTING SYNDROME
• recent outbreaks in USA, Canada and most of EU countries, including
Slovenia
• clinical signs are the most distinctive in weaned pigs, aged 6-16
weeks, especielly between 8-12 weeks of age
• first clinical signs appear about 3 weeks after weaning, but some can
be seen even in suckling period
• typical clinical sings:
– enlarged, swollen lymph nodes, anaemia, laboured breathing,
jaundice
– diarrhoea, gastric ulcer, coughing, nervous signs
– immunosuppression, often secundary infections
– extreme wasting and exhaustion that lead to euthanasia or culling
• incidence 5-10% (even up to 30%)
• mortality between 50-100%
• in case of co-infections, clinical signs are severe and number of
animals affected may extremely increase
POSTWEANING M. WASTING SYNDROME
• circo virus type-2 appears to be the fundamental agent
for the cause of PMWS
• when mixed with other viruses, especially PRRS or
parvovirus, a higher risk of severe disease can be
expected
• positive reactors were confirmed in cases without any
clinical signs
• PMWS can persist up to 18 months, even more

TREATMENT AND PREVENTIVE MEASURES


MUST BE STRICKTLY FOLLOWED:

YES - the disease can be shorten to 6-9 months


NO – the disease will persist and persist ...
DIAGNOSIS

• typical age of affected animals


• decreased growth rate (wasting)
• diarrhoea
• presence of other virus diseases
• post-mortem findings
• ELISA, PCR
Typical clinical sings of
infection:
– cough
– well visible spine
– conjuntivitis
– anaemia
– diarrhoea
– wasting
Typical post-mortem findings of
infection:
• tipically enlarged inguinal lymph
nodes
• empty stomach (no food, full of
gas)
• empty, pale small intestine (no
inflammation)
• unformed, liquid slurry in large
intestine
• enlarged, hyperaemic liver
• fully expressed intestitial
pneumonia
case of co-infection: most frequent co-infection
• hydrothorax pathogens:
• pericarditis • Pasteurella m.
• peritonitis • Haemophilus suis
• adhesions • Actinomyces
• abscesses • Streptococcus suis I.
POSTWEANING M. WASTING SYNDROME
complications due to immunosuppression

• severe purulent pneumonia, with


abscesses and pleuritis
• different forms of dermatitis, especially
exudative epidermititis
• PDNS (Porcine Dermatitis Nephrosis
Syndrome)
Differential diagnosis
• starvation
• lack of food
• lack of water
• gastric ulcer
• mycoplasmal pneumonia
• coliform enteritis
• classical swine fever
• swine dysentery
• PRRS
• Porcine Dermatitis Nephrosis Syndrome
(PDNS)
Measures
Treatment:
• no special drug
• the case of secundary infection (bacteria)
use ABs, special vaccines etc.
• in some cases the use of corticosteroides
might help to reduce the losses
Measures
Preventive:
• optimal breeding conditions (all in-all out;
prevent over-crowding, mixing of animals, high
sanitation measures, high food quality,
ventilation, temperature)
• strickly realized disinfection
• separation of affected animals from healthy
ones
• use only A.I.
• pay attention to manure (disinfection if
possible, at least safe keeping)
ECONOMIC LOSSES
Direct losses:
• increased mortality
• increased number of pre-slaughter cullings
• increased treatment costs
• increased costs of preventive measures
Indirect losses:
• decreased year production
• decreased animal growth
• increased feed consumption
• worse meat quality and carcass results
• depopulation costs

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