Lesson #6

Type of
Dependent Clauses
Objectives

➔ About Dependent Clause

➔ Noun Clause

➔ Adjective Clause

➔ Adverb Clause
What’s Dependent Clause?
A dependent clause is a group of words with a subject and a
verb. It does not express a complete thought so it is not a
sentence and can’t stand alone.
Dependent clause can act as a noun, as an adjective, or as an
adverb.
Noun Clause

● A noun clause is a dependent clause that acts

as a noun Usually begins with words such as :

● It can be a subject, object, or complement how, that, what, whatever, when,

where, whether, which, whichever,
● Type of Noun Clause in Dependent Clause : who, whoever, whom, whomever,
1. Noun Clause as Subject why
2. Noun Clause as Subject Complement
3. Noun Clause as Object
4. Noun Clause as Complement
 Example

C S V
What you said made the crowd angry.
Noun clause as a subject
Noun Clause as Subject

● A noun clause can act as the subject of a verb

Example :

C S V
That she worked hard for the whole term pleased her parents.
Noun clause as a subject
Noun Clause as Subject Complement

● A noun clause can act as subject complement that follow linking verb (LV). Subject
Complement looks like an object, but isn’t. It comes after be verb

Example :

LV <- C S
The thief will be whoever has blue ink on their hands.
Noun clause as a subject complement
Noun Clause as Object

● A noun clause can act as object. It comes after the verb in independent clause

Example :

V C DO
Dad cannot remember what Mom wants for Christmas.
Noun clause as an object (direct object)
Noun Clause as Complement

● A noun clause can act as complement. It is attached to a predicing noun, adjective or verb.

Example :
V C V PP as Adv
We have been waiting for whoever will pick us up from the party
Noun clause as preposition complement

One more time, ask the questions: what are you waiting for ?
Adverb Clause

Adverb clause is a dependent clause that describes a verb, an

adjective, or an adverb.

This clause tells when, where, how, why, to what extent, or

under what conditions something happened
Subordinating Conjunctions
Time Contrast Cause and Effect Condition

after though because if

when although as whether or not
until while since provided
soon whereas so in case
before even though in order that unless
once now that even if
while inasmuch as in the event
as soon as
whenever
by the time
 Example

Adverb Clause Independent Clause

Although he practiced every day, he didn’t win

Adverb Clause Independent Clause

If you help me pass this test, I’ll buy you lunch

Adjective Clause

● Adjective clause is a dependent clause

function as an adjective, modifies nouns, and Adjective clause starts with a
pronouns relative pronoun, like :

● Adjective clauses are also called relative that, who, whom, whose, or which
adverb and it usually comes after the noun it
modifies. Or a relative adverb, like :

● There two main kinds of Adjective Clause : why, where, or when

1. Defining Clause
2. Non-Defining Clause
Relative Pronouns
Relative Pronoun Used for Example

Who humans in the subject position Students who are intelligent get
good grades

Whom humans in the object position I dont believe whom you talked to

Which things and animals in the subject or object Pizza, which most people love is
position not very healthy.

Whose humans, animals, and things in the subject or She knew the family whose house
object position to show posession we bought

that Things, animals and things, in the subject or Our house that has a red door
object position and green shutters needs
painting
Defining Clauses

● Defining clauses give essential information about the noun

Example :

S Relative Clause V O
The girl who sold me the car said it was hers
Non-Defining Clauses

● Non-Defining clauses give extra information about the noun, but they are not essential

Example :

S Relative
Clause
My high school english teacher, who is retired and now lives in Spain,
sent me a post card
V O
Thanks for your attention.