HORMONES EXCHANGE
ENZYMES BINDING &
TRANSPORT
DEFENCE NUTRITIVE
FUNCTIONS
OF BODY
BUFFER BLOOD
COAGULATION
VISCOSITY RESERVE
OF BLOOD PROTEINS
1. NUTRITIVE FUNCTION OF PLASMA PROTEINS
Amphoteric molecules
Eg. 1) Amylase
2) transaminase
3) dehydrogenase
4) lipase
5) phosphatase
10. PLASMA PROTEINS AS HORMONES
Eg. 1) Oxytocin
2) Vasopressin
3) insulin
4) Parathormone
5) TSH
6) ACTH
11. ROLE OF PLASMA PROTEINS
IN BLOOD COAGULATION
Increase in
plasma protein levels
HYPOPROTEINAEMIA
HYPERPROTEINAEMIA
Increase in total amount of plasma proteins in the body
POLYCLONAL MONOCLONAL
GAMMOPATHIES GAMMOPATHIES
POLYCLONAL GAMOPATHIES
Sarcoidosis
MALIGNANT BENIGN
Secondary to diabetes
Multiple myeloma mellitus, Chronic
infections, etc
Macroglobulinaemia
Idiopathic
Lymphoreticular malignancies
like lymphosarcoma, leukemia,
hodgkin’s disease
HYPOPROTEINAEMIA
Hypogammaglobulinaemia
Haemodilution
Hypoalbuminaemia
HAEMODILUTION
3) MISCELLANEOUS
- Acute or chronic illnesses
- infections
- malignancy
- pregnancy
HYPOGAMMAGLOBULINAEMIA
3) MISCELLANEOUS
- Pregnancies
Most abundant and fairly homogeneous protein of plasma.
Aspartic Acid 36
Asparagine 17
Threonine 28
Serine 24
Glutamic Acid 62
Glutamine 20
Proline 24
Glysine 12
Alanine 62
Valine 41
Cystine 35
Methionine 6
Isoleucine 8
Leucine 61
Tyrosine 18
Phenyalanine 31
Lysine 59
Histidine 16
Tryptophan 1
Arginine 24
TOTAL 585
Osmotic Function
Due to its high concentration and low molecular weight, albumin
contributes to 75 – 80% of the total plasma osmotic pressure.
Thus, albumin plays a predominant role in maintaining blood volume and
body fluid distribution.
Transport Function
Plasma albumin binds to several
biochemically important compounds and
transports them in the circulation. These
include free fatty acids which is
transported to the liver, bilirubin, steroid
hormones, calcium and copper.
Nutritive Function
Albumin serves as a source of amino
acids for tissue protein synthesis to a
limited extent, particularly in nutritional
deprivation of amino acids.
Buffering Function
Among the plasma proteins, albumin has the maximum buffering
capacity.
Hyperalbuminemia
•Occurs due to a decrease in concentration of albumin, i.e
when it is less than 2.5 gm%
(2) Decreased synthesis of albumin
(3) Others
• Albumin.
•Clinical significance.
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